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Microprocessor and microcontrollers
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- 2. Micro-processor • A microprocessoris a digital electronic component with miniaturized transistors on a single semiconductor integrated circuit (IC). • One or more microprocessors typically serve as a central processing unit (CPU) in a computer system or handheld device. • Microprocessors made possible the advent of the microcomputer. • The microprocessor contains the ARITHMETIC LOGIC UNIT (ALU) and the control unit for a microcomputer.
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- 5. Micro-controller • A highlyintegrated chip that contains all the components comprising a controller. • Typically this includes a CPU, RAM, some form of ROM, I/O ports, and timers. • A microcontroller is designed for a very specific task - to control a system.
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- 7. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN AMICRO- CONTROLLER AND MICRO-PROCESSOR Micro-processor Micro-controller Applications Not-predefined predefined RAM External integrated ROM External integrated I/O Ports External integrated Size of system Large Very small RAM Size 128MB TO 64 GB 2KB TO 256KB ROM Size 128 GB TO 4TB 32KB TO 2MB Interfaces USB 12C Bit size 32 bit or 64 bit 8 bit ,16 bit ,32 bit Power consumption High Low Cost High Low
- 8. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN AMICRO- CONTROLLER AND MICRO-PROCESSOR – A microprocessor requires an external memory for program/data storage. Instruction execution requires movement of data from the external memory to the microprocessor or vice versa. Usually, microprocessors have good computing power and they have higher clock speed to facilitate faster computation. – A microcontroller has required on-chip memory with associated peripherals. A microcontroller can be thought of a microprocessor with inbuilt peripherals. – A microcontroller does not require much additional interfacing ICs for operation, and it functions as a stand-alone system. The operation of a microcontroller is multipurpose, just like a Swiss knife. – Microcontrollers are also called embedded controllers. A microcontroller clock speed is limited only to a few tens of MHz Microcontrollers are numerous and many of them are application specific.
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