OOP Concepts Python with code refrences.pptx

Object-Oriented
Programming (OOP)
Concepts in Python
An Introduction
to OOP
Principles with
Python Examples

Introduction to OOP in Python
• - Object-Oriented
Programming (OOP) is a
paradigm using objects and
classes.
• - Helps in structuring code for
reusability and modularity.
• - Python supports OOP along
with procedural and
functional programming.

Key Concepts of OOP
• 1. Class - Blueprint for objects.
• 2. Object - An instance of a class.
• 3. Encapsulation - Restricting access to
data.
• 4. Abstraction - Hiding
implementation details.
• 5. Inheritance - Deriving new classes
from existing ones.
• 6. Polymorphism - Ability to take
multiple forms.

Defining a Class and Creating an Object
• Example:
• ```python
• class Car:
• def __init__(self, brand, model):
• self.brand = brand
• self.model = model
• def display(self):
• print(f'Car: {self.brand}
{self.model}')
• car1 = Car('Toyota', 'Corolla')
• car1.display()
• ```

Encapsulation
• - Protects data by restricting access.
• - Uses private and protected attributes.
• Example:
• ```python
• class BankAccount:
• def __init__(self, balance):
• self.__balance = balance
• def deposit(self, amount):
• self.__balance += amount
• def get_balance(self):
• return self.__balance
• account = BankAccount(1000)
• account.deposit(500)
• print(account.get_balance())
• ```

Abstraction
• - Hides unnecessary details and exposes only relevant parts.
• Example:
• ```python
• from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
• class Animal(ABC):
• @abstractmethod
• def make_sound(self):
• pass
• class Dog(Animal):
• def make_sound(self):
• return 'Bark'
• dog = Dog()
• print(dog.make_sound())
• ```

Inheritance
• - Allows a class to inherit properties and methods from another class.
• Example:
• ```python
• class Vehicle:
• def __init__(self, brand):
• self.brand = brand
• def show_brand(self):
• print('Brand:', self.brand)
• class Car(Vehicle):
• def __init__(self, brand, model):
• super().__init__(brand)
• self.model = model
• car = Car('Honda', 'Civic')
• car.show_brand()
• ```

Polymorphism
• - Allows methods to be used interchangeably between different classes.
• Example:
• ```python
• class Bird:
• def sound(self):
• return 'Some bird sound'
• class Sparrow(Bird):
• def sound(self):
• return 'Chirp'
• birds = [Sparrow(), Bird()]
• for bird in birds:
• print(bird.sound())
• ```

Summary
• - Class & Object: Blueprint and instance.
• - Encapsulation: Hiding data for security.
• - Abstraction: Simplifying complex systems.
• - Inheritance: Code reuse via parent-child
relationships.
• - Polymorphism: Flexibility in method usage.

Questions & Discussion
• Any questions? Let's discuss with live coding
examples!

OOP Concepts Python with code refrences.pptx

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