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Similar to Overview on Open Source Technology.pptx
Overview on Open Source Technology.pptx
- 1. OPEN SOURCE TECHNOLOGY Unit 1- Introduction Presented by- Jillian Priscilla II BCA – A Mentor – Dr. R. Shalini
- 2. Syllabus Introduction to OpenSource – Open Source versus Commercial Software – What is Linux? – Free Software – Where can I use Linux? – Linux Kernal – Linux Distributions
- 3. Introduction to OpenSource Open source technology means that its source code is freely available to use, modify, and redistribute. (or) Open source is a term that originally referred to open source software (OSS). Open source software is code that is designed to be publicly accessible—anyone can see, modify, and distribute the code as they see fit.
- 4. History of OSS– • Originated in 1983 from an ideological movement informally founded by Richard Stallman. • Stallman began releasing free code under his own license, called the GNU Public License. • Led to the formation of the Open Source Initiative in 1998.
- 5. How does OSSwork? • Open source code is usually stored in a public repository and shared publicly. • Anyone can access the repository to use the code independently or contribute improvements to the design and functionality of the overall project. • OSS usually comes with a distribution license. This license includes terms that define how developers can use, study, modify, and most importantly, distribute the software.
- 6. Five of themost popular licenses are: • MIT License • GNU General Public License (GPL) 2.0—this is more restrictive and requires that copies of modified code are made available for public use • Apache License 2.0 • GNU General Public License (GPL) 3.0 • BSD License 2.0 (3-clause, New or Revised)—this is less restrictive
- 7. Examples of Open-sourceproducts • Operating systems- Android, Ubuntu, Linux • Internet browsers Mozilla Firefox, Chromium • Integrated Development Environment (IDEs) – Vs code (Visual Studio Code), Android Studio, PyCharm, Xcode
- 8. Examples of open-sourcesoftware • LibreOffice. • GNU/Linux. • VLC Media Player. • Mozilla Firefox. • GIMP. • VNC. • Apache web server. • jQuery.
- 9. OPEN SOURCE SOFTWAREVS COMMERCIAL SOFTWARE OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE COMMERCIAL SOFTWARE Open source software is the computer software developed either by an individual, group or an organization to meet certain requirements and it is available openly for general public for any modifications based on its developing body’s interest. The cost of open source software is free. Open source provides limited technical support. Commercial software is the computer software where only the person, team, or organization that created it can modify also they have exclusive right over the software. Anyone needs to use it has to pay for it valid and authorized license. The cost of commercial software varies from moderate to expensive. Commercial software provides guaranteed technical support.
- 10. OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARECOMMERCIAL SOFTWARE Open source software is available under free licensing. In open source software users need to rely on community support. In open source software installation and updates are administered by the user. Limited hands on training and online resources are available for open source software application training. Here in open source software users can customize. Commercial software is available under high licensing cost. In commercial software users get dedicated support from the vendor. In Commercial software installation and updates are administered by the software vendor. On site and Online trainings are available from the commercial software vendor side for software application training. But in commercial software mainly vendor offers customization.
- 11. Advantages of opensource software • Free • Freely make changes to dysfunctional or problematic aspects of the application to better fit their unique needs. • Users can depend on it for their long-term projects • Programmers can use pre-existing code or come up with their own innovations. • Provides great learning opportunities for new programmers.
- 12. Disadvantages of opensource software • Harder to use and adopt due to lack of friendly user interfaces. • Can pose compatibility issues. • Can pose liability issues. • Can incur unexpected costs.
- 13. Benefits of opensource technology • Flexibility - allows the software to be built or customized by the business from the ground up. • Cost - The majority of OSS is distributed freely, making it very cost-effective. • Speed - The flexibility offered by open-source software makes for speedy development. • Secure - Its open-source counterpart enables you to get into the bits and bytes of the freely available source code. • Technically Advanced - use bleeding-edge technologies to create new solutions to get their hands on the latest innovations.
- 14. Linux • It isa Unix-like, open source and community-developed operating system. • It is supported on almost every major computer platform. • The Linux OS was developed by Linus Torvalds in 1991.
- 15. Linux Features • Multiusercapability - Multiple users can access the same system resources but they have to use different terminals to operate. • Multitasking - More than one function can be performed simultaneously by dividing the CPU time. • Portability - It means that it support different types of hardware. • Security - It provides security in three ways namely authenticating, authorization and encryption. • Live CD/USB - Almost all Linux distros provide live CD/USB so that users can run/try it without installing it. • Graphical User Interface (X Window system) - Linux is command line based OS but it can be converted to GUI based by installing packages.
- 16. • Support customizedkeyboard - As it is used worldwide, hence supports different languages keyboards. • Application support - It has its own software repository from where users can download and install many applications. • File System - Provides hierarchical file system in which files and directories are arranged. • Open Source - Linux code is freely available to all and is a community based development project.
- 17. Where I canuse Linux? Linux is used in the following ways: • Server OS • Desktop OS • Headless server OS • Embedded device or appliance OS • Network OS • Software development OS • Cloud OS for cloud instances
- 18. Linux Kernel • Kernelis central or main component of an operating system that manages operations of computer and hardware. • Kernel acts as a bridge between applications and data processing performed at hardware level using inter-process communication and system calls. • It is responsible for various tasks such as disk management, task management, and memory management. • It basically acts as an interface between user applications and hardware.
- 19. Objectives of Kernel: • To establish communication between user level application and hardware. • To decide state of incoming processes. • To control disk management. • To control memory management. • To control task management.
- 20. Subsystem in LinuxKernal ■ The Linux kernel is composed of five main subsystems:
- 21. • The ProcessScheduler (SCHED) is responsible for fairly distributing the CPU time among all the processes running on the system simultaneously. • The Memory Manager (MM) is responsible for proper distribution of the memory resources among the various processes running on the system. The MMU does more than just simply provide separate virtual address spaces for each of the processes. • The Virtual File System (VFS) This subsystem is responsible for providing a unified interface to access stored data across different file systems and physical storage media. • The Network Interface (NET) provides access to several networking standards and a variety of network hardware. • The Inter-Process Communication (IPC) subsystem supports several mechanisms for process-to-process communication on a single Linux system.
- 22. Linux Distributions (Distros) 1.Ubuntu • It came into existence in 2004. • Ubuntu is a next version of Debian and easy to use for newbies. • It comes with a lots of pre-installed apps. 2. Linux Mint • Mint is based on Ubuntu. • it has its own popularity and it uses cinnamon and mate desktop instead of Ubuntu’s unity desktop environment.
- 23. Linux Distributions (Distros) ■3. Red Hat Enterprise / CentOS • Red hat is a commercial Linux distributor. • It uses trademark law to prevent their software from being redistributed. 4. Debian • Debian has its existence since 1993 and releases its versions much slowly then Ubuntu and mint. • This makes it one of the most stable Linux distributor.
- 24. Linux Distributions (Distros) ■5. Fedora • It is a project that mainly focuses on free software and provides latest version of software. • It is less stable but provides the latest stuff.
- 25.