Tuples in Python

Tuple Introduction
A tuple is an ordered sequence of elements of different data types, such as
integer, float, string, list or even a tuple.
 Elements of a tuple are enclosed in parenthesis (round brackets) and are
separated by commas.
Like list and string, elements of a tuple can be accessed using index values,
starting from 0.
>>> tuple = () # Empty Tuple
>>> Tuple = (1) # Tuple with single element
>>> tuple1 = (1,2,3,4,5) # tuple of integers
>>> tuple2 =('Economics',87,'Accountancy',89.6) # tuple of mixed data types
NOTE:
If we assign the value without comma it is treated as integer.
It should be noted that a sequence without parenthesis is treated as tuple by
default.

Creation of Tuple
tuple() function is used to create a tuple from other sequences.
Tuple Creation from List :
Tuple creation from String :
Tuple creation from input()
Tuple creation using eval() :
for Ex: Tuple = eval(input(“Enter elements”))

Elements of a tuple can be accessed in the same way as a list or string using
indexing and slicing.
>>> tuple1 = (2,4,6,8,10,12) # returns the first element of tuple1
>>> tuple1[0] # returns fourth element of tuple1
2
>>> tuple1[3]
8
>>> tuple1[15] # returns error as index is out of range
IndexError: tuple index out of range index
>>> tuple1[1+4] # an expression resulting in an integer
12
>>> tuple1[-1] # returns first element from right
12
NOTE:
Tuple is an immutable data type. It means that the elements of a tuple cannot
be changed
Accessing Elements in a Tuple

Concatenation It allows to join tuples using concatenation operator depicted
by symbol +. We can also create a new tuple which contains the result of this
concatenation operation.
>>> tuple1 = (1,3,5,7,9)
>>> tuple2 = (2,4,6,8,10)
>>> tuple1 + tuple2 # concatenates two tuples (1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10)
Concatenation operator (+) can also be used for extending an existing tuple.
When we extend a tuple using concatenation a new tuple is created.
>>> tuple3(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) # more than one elements are appended
>>> tuple4 = tuple3 + (7,8,9)
>>> tuple4
(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9)
Repetition It is denoted by the symbol *(asterisk).
It is used to repeat elements of a tuple. We can repeat the tuple elements.
The repetition operator requires the first operand to be a tuple and the second
operand to be an integer only.
>>> tuple1 = ('Hello','World')
>>> tuple1 * 2 #tuple with single element
('Hello', 'World', 'Hello', 'World’)
Tuple Operations

Membership
The in operator checks if the element is present in the tuple and returns True,
else it returns False.
>>> tuple1 = ('Red','Green','Blue')
>>> 'Green' in tuple1
True
The not in operator returns True if the element is not present in the tuple, else
it returns False.
>>> tuple1 = ('Red','Green','Blue')
>>> 'Green' not in tuple1
False
Slicing
Like string and list, slicing can be applied to tuples also.
>>> tuple1 = (10,20,30,40,50,60,70,80) # tuple1 is a tuple
>>> tuple1[2:7] (30, 40, 50, 60, 70) # elements from index 2 to index 6
>>> tuple1[0:len(tuple1)] # all elements of tuple are printed
(10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80)
>>> tuple1[:5] (10, 20, 30, 40, 50) # slice starts from zero index
>>> tuple1[2:] (30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80) # slice is till end of the tuple

Tuple Deletion
Tuple unpacking
Error shown because
deletion of a single
element is also
possible.
Complete tuple has been
deleted. Now error
shown on printing of
tuple.

Method Description Example
len() Returns the length or the number of
elements of the tuple passed as the
argument
>>> tuple1 = (10,20,30,40,50)
>>> len(tuple1)
5
tuple() Creates an empty tuple if no argument
is passed
Creates a tuple if a sequence is passed
as argument
>>> tuple1 = tuple()
>>> tuple1 ( )
>>> tuple1 = tuple('aeiou') #string
>>> tuple1 ('a', 'e', 'i', 'o', 'u')
>>> tuple2 = tuple([1,2,3]) #list
>>> tuple2 (1, 2, 3)
>>> tuple3 = tuple(range(5))
>>> tuple3 (0, 1, 2, 3, 4)
count() Returns the number of times the given
element appears in the tuple
>>> tuple1 = (10,20,30,10,40,10,50)
>>> tuple1.count(10)
3
>>> tuple1.count(90)
0
Tuple Methods and Built-in Functions

Method Description Example
index() Returns the index of the first occurrence of the
element in the given tuple
>>> tuple1 = (10,20,30,40,50)
>>> tuple1.index(30)
2
>>> tuple1.index(90)
ValueError: tuple.index(x): x not in
tuple
sorted() Takes elements in the tuple and returns a new
sorted list. It should be noted that, sorted()
does not make any change to the original tuple
>>> tuple1 =
("Rama","Heena","Raj",
"Mohsin","Aditya")
>>> sorted(tuple1)
['Aditya', 'Heena', 'Mohsin', 'Raj',
'Rama']
min()
max()
sum()
Returns minimum or smallest element of the
tuple
Returns maximum or largest element of the
tuple
Returns sum of the elements of the tuple
>>> tuple1 = (19,12,56,18,9,87,34)
>>> min(tuple1)
9
>>> max(tuple1)
87
>>> sum(tuple1)
235

A tuple inside another tuple is called a nested tuple.
In the given program, roll number, name and marks (in percentage) of
students are saved in a tuple.
To store details of many such students we can create a nested tuple
#Create a nested tuple to store roll number, name and marks of students
To store records of students in tuple and print them
st=((101,"Aman",98),(102,"Geet",95),(103,"Sahil",87),(104,"Pawan",79))
print("S_No"," Roll_No"," Name"," Marks")
for i in range(0,len(st)):
print((i+1),'t',st[i][0],'t',st[i][1],'t',st[i][2])
Output: S_No Roll_No Name Marks
1 101 Aman 98
2 102 Geet 95
3 103 Sahil 87
4 104 Pawan 79
Nested Tuples

Write a program to swap two numbers without using a temporary variable.
#Program to swap two numbers
num1 = int(input('Enter the first number: '))
num2 = int(input('Enter the second number: '))
print("nNumbers before swapping:")
print("First Number:",num1)
print("Second Number:",num2)
(num1,num2) = (num2,num1)
print("nNumbers after swapping:")
print("First Number:",num1)
print("Second Number:",num2)
Output:
Enter the first number: 5
Enter the second number: 10
Numbers before swapping:
First Number: 5
Second Number: 10
Numbers after swapping:
First Number: 10
Second Number: 5

Write a program to compute the area and circumference of a circle using a
function.
def circle(r): # Function to compute area and circumference of the circle
area = 3.14*r*r
circumference = 2*3.14*r # returns a tuple having two elements area and
circumference
return (area, circumference) # end of function
radius = int(input('Enter radius of circle: '))
area, circumference = circle(radius)
print('Area of circle is:', area)
print('Circumference of circle is : ', circumference)
Output:
Enter radius of circle: 5
Area of circle is: 78.5
Circumference of circle is: 31.400000000000002

Print the maximum and minimum number from this tuple.
numbers = tuple() #create an empty tuple 'numbers'
n = int(input("How many numbers you want to enter?: "))
for i in range(0,n):
num = int(input()) # it will assign numbers entered by user to tuple
'numbers’
numbers = numbers +(num,)
print('nThe numbers in the tuple are:')
print(numbers)
print("nThe maximum number is:")
print(max(numbers))
print("The minimum number is:")
print(min(numbers))
Output:
How many numbers do you want to enter? : 5
9 8 10 12 15
The numbers in the tuple are: (9, 8, 10, 12, 15)
The maximum number is : 15
The minimum number is : 8

Tuples in Python

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