CENTRAL PHILIPPINES STATE UNIVERSITY

HINOBA-AN CAMPUS
Graduate School
Hinoba-an, Negros Occidental

PREDICTORS OF WINNING TEAM IN METROBANK-MTAP-DEPED MATH CHALLENGE

ELIMINATION ROUND OF SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF

HINOBA-AN

ROSIELYN E. DELA CRUZ

A Thesis Presented to the Faculty Of The Graduate School,

Central Philippines State University – Hinoba-an Campus,
Hinoba-an, Negros Occidental In Partial
Fulfillment of the Requirements
For The Degree

MASTER’S DEGREE

MAED MATHEMATICS

MARCH 2020
 CENTRAL PHILIPPINES STATE UNIVERSITY
HINOBA-AN CAMPUS
Graduate School
Hinoba-an, Negros Occidental

PREDICTORS OF WINNING TEAM IN METROBANK-MTAP-DEPED MATH CHALLENGE

– ELIMINATION ROUND OF SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF

HINOBA-AN

by

Rosielyn E. Dela Cruz

Chapter 1

Introduction

This chapter is divided into seven parts: (1) Background of

the Study; (2) Theoretical Framework of the Study; (3) Statement

of the Problem; (4) Hypotheses; (5) Definition of Terms; (6)

Significance of the Study; (7) Scope and Delimitations of the

Study.

Part One, Background of the Study, justifies the need for

the investigation, discusses the main focus of the problem;

Part Two, Theoretical Framework of the Study, presents the

theories which are the basis of the study;

Part Three, Statement of the Problem, presents the aims and

the questions of the study;

Part Four, Hypotheses, presents the expected results and

findings of the study;

 CENTRAL PHILIPPINES STATE UNIVERSITY
HINOBA-AN CAMPUS
Graduate School
Hinoba-an, Negros Occidental

Part Five, Definition of Terms, defines the important terms

used in the study;

Part Six, Significance of the Study, specifies the benefits

that maybe derived from the findings of the study;

Part Seven, Scope and Delimitations of the Study, discusses

the coverage of the study.

Background of the study

Competition is one of society’s most powerful forces for

making things better in many fields of human endeavor (Porter,

1989). It is the rivalry between individuals or groups seeking

the same object or goal (Thomas, 1992). There is competition in

almost everything to be the best, first, fastest, top, champion

and so on. Some usually utters to show what they’ve got, to

develop the skills and talents they have, to experience something

new, but the top priority is the same, and that is to win.

Along with the Mission, Vision, and Core Values of the

Department of Education, leaders in different sectors come up

with various competitions in different subject areas in order to

improve the standard of educational set-up and to be locally and

globally competitive. One of these is the Metrobank-MTAP-DepEd

Math Challenge.
 CENTRAL PHILIPPINES STATE UNIVERSITY
HINOBA-AN CAMPUS
Graduate School
Hinoba-an, Negros Occidental

The Metrobank-MTAP-DepEd Math Challenge (MMC) is a Math

contest for elementary and secondary students in both public and

private schools nationwide. It is implemented by the Metrobank

Foundation, Inc (MBFI), the Mathematics Teachers Association of

the Philippines (MTAP), and the Department of Education (DepEd).

The overall objective of the Metrobank-MTAP-DepEd Math Challenge

is to contribute in improving the quality of mathematics

education in the Philippines. Specifically, it aims to: (a)

awaken greater interest in Mathematics among elementary and

secondary students in both public and private schools all over

the country; (b) encourage students to strive for excellence in

Mathematics; (c) discover mathematical talents among students

and; (d) develop the values of hard work, perseverance, honesty,

teamwork and sportsmanship. The coverage of the competition is

strictly the current and approved DepEd K to 12 Education

Curriculum for Elementary and Junior High School, per grade

level. (www.deped.gov.ph)

Based from the result of the Metrobank-MTAP-DepEd Math

Challenge Elimination Round for the last three years, Grade 7

competitors from Bilbao-Uybico National High School could not

make it to Top 20 in the Division of Negros Occidental. The

result was quite disappointing and frustrating on the part of the

students and has a greater impact on the teachers. According to

 CENTRAL PHILIPPINES STATE UNIVERSITY
HINOBA-AN CAMPUS
Graduate School
Hinoba-an, Negros Occidental

Kenderov (2006), competitions raise the reputation of an

educational institution. The academic reputation of a school

depends primarily on the merit of the intellectual achievements

of its academic staff.

In this respect, the researcher is optimistic to contribute

in the enhancement of the preparation of Math Challengers of

Secondary Schools in the Municipality of Hinoba-an for Metrobank-

MTAP-DepEd Math Challenge Elimination Round. Thus, ascertaining

the predictors of the winning team in Metrobank-MTAP-DepEd Math

Challenge Elimination Round is seen as a necessity.

Theoretical Framework

The researcher had drawn the theoretical framework from the

Iceberg Theory of Success by Ernest Hemingway which helps realize

that every successful person had to invest a lot of effort and

hard work to achieve their goals and successes. In a competition,

competitors expend costly effort to vie for limited prizes, and

they are rewarded for “getting ahead” of their opponents instead

of their absolute performance metrics.

Paradigm of the Study

Figure 1.1

Years of Experience
of the Coach
W
I
 Number of Review N
Materials I
CENTRAL PHILIPPINES STATE UNIVERSITY N
HINOBA-AN CAMPUS G
Graduate School
Years of Experience
Hinoba-an, Negros Occidental
as Math Challenger T
E
A
M

Period of Review

Number of Persons
reviewing the Math
Challengers

High School Experience

of the Coach in the
competition

Figure 1.1 shows the predictors of Winning Team in Math

Challenge of Secondary schools in the Municipality of Hinoba-an.

It represents the indicated assumed factors that has direct

impact on the Winning Team.

Statement of the problem

 CENTRAL PHILIPPINES STATE UNIVERSITY
HINOBA-AN CAMPUS
Graduate School
Hinoba-an, Negros Occidental

This study will be conducted to investigate the predictors

of winning team in Math Challenge.

Specifically, this study sought to answer to the following

questions:

1. What is the demographic profile of the Math Challengers

when classified according to:

a. age;

b. gender;

c. grade level;

d. school?

2. What is the demographic profile of the Coaches/Teachers

in Math Challenge when classified according to:

a. gender;

b. educational attainment;

c. years of experience in coaching or teaching.

d. high school experience?

3. Is there a significant relationship between the

predictors and the winning team in Math Challenge?

4. Is there a significant relationship among the predictors

of winning team in Math Challenge?

5. Among the independent factors, what predicts the winning

team in Math Challenge?

 CENTRAL PHILIPPINES STATE UNIVERSITY
HINOBA-AN CAMPUS
Graduate School
Hinoba-an, Negros Occidental

Hypotheses

1. There is no significant relationship between the predictors

and the winning team in Math Challenge.

2. There is no significant relationship among the predictors of

winning team in Math Challenge.

3. None of the independent factors predict the winning team in

Math Challenge.

Definition of terms

The following terms were defined conceptually and

operationally for ease of understanding:

Math Challenge. This refers to a call to take part in a Math

contest or competition.

In this study, it refers to Metrobank-MTAP-Deped Math

Challenge Elimination Round in the Division of Negros Occidental.

Math Challenger. It refers to a person who engages in a Math

Contest.

In this study, it refers to a student participating in a

Math Challenge.

Winning Team. It refers to a group of people who wins.

In this study it refers to the Top 20 schools in the

Division of Negros Occidental with the highest Team Score during

the Math Challenge.

Team Score. It refers to a point gained by a team.

 CENTRAL PHILIPPINES STATE UNIVERSITY
HINOBA-AN CAMPUS
Graduate School
Hinoba-an, Negros Occidental

In this study, it refers to the sum of the scores of the top

two contestants of a school by grade level.

Review Materials. It refers to the documents, data, and

other information required for a test.

In this study, it refers to the questionnaires of Math

Challenge from Year 2015-2019.

Significance of the study

The result of the study could provide significant

information to the following:

District Supervisor. The result of the study could give an

idea on how to help schools within the Municipality of Hinoba-an

to increase the number of Teams toward winning the Math

Challenge.

School Administrators. The findings could serve as a window

to look for the best services that would cater the Math

Challengers and Coaches/Teachers in Math Challenge.

School. The findings may serve as a reference in developing

the program that will enhance the contestants’ skills in Math

Challenge.

Mathematics Teachers. The findings may provide information

to Coaches/Math Teachers as to which of the factors predict the

winning team in Math Challenge. This will challenge them to

 CENTRAL PHILIPPINES STATE UNIVERSITY
HINOBA-AN CAMPUS
Graduate School
Hinoba-an, Negros Occidental

enhance their strategies during their review period so that they

will have higher chances of qualifying to the Top 20 schools in

the Division of Negros Occidental in the said competition.

Parents. The result of the study could encourage parents to

monitor the Math Challengers during their review as a display of

support.

Math Challengers. The Math Challengers are the main

beneficiaries of the result of this study. The findings of this

study could help them to be aware on the predictors of Winning

Team in preparation for the Math Challenge. This will also help

them find more ways to advance their strengths and properly

address any area that needs improvement.

Researchers. This is very helpful to other researchers who

also aim to study related to this research. This can be one of

the significant references for their related literature.

Scope and Delimitations of the Study

This descriptive investigation aimed to evaluate the

predictors of winning team in Metrobank-MTAP-DepEd Math Challenge

Elimination Round of Secondary Schools in the Municipality of

Hinoba-an.

The respondents of this study will be the Math Challengers

from the different Secondary Schools in the Municipality of

Hinoba-an.
 CENTRAL PHILIPPINES STATE UNIVERSITY
HINOBA-AN CAMPUS
Graduate School
Hinoba-an, Negros Occidental

A researcher-made survey instrument will be used to gather

data about Math Challengers and Coaches/Teachers in Mathematics.

Computer software will be used to utilized to treat the

statistical data.

Chapter 2

Review of Related Literature

This chapter consist of four parts: (1) Competitions in

Education; (2) Prior Contest Experience; (3) Materials and

Practice and; (4) A Resource for Trainers.

Competitions in Education
 CENTRAL PHILIPPINES STATE UNIVERSITY
HINOBA-AN CAMPUS
Graduate School
Hinoba-an, Negros Occidental

Competitions have positive impact on education and on

educational institutions (Kenderov, 2006). Competition is goal-

oriented (Hong et al., 2009). It is regarded as a well-structured

learning activity that has the potential to draw attention and

excitement of students (Cheng at al., 2009) and is considered as

useful technique to motivate individuals to learn (Yu, 2000).

According to Kenderov (2006), it allow students to exhibit their

abilities and talent. Moreover, competitions motivate the

participants to work hard while preparing for them and, as a

result, further develop their abilities and talent. Competitions

help identify students with higher abilities.

Competition is considered as useful technique to motivate

individuals to learn (Yu, 2000). Each party must decide how much

effort to invest in competition, with the fraction of the

disputed resource accruing to each party dependent on their

relative investments in competition (Dugatkin; et al, 2014). The

greater the degree of competition between schools the more

efficient they are. Competition is also found to be an important

determinant of the change in efficiency over time (Bradley; et

al, 2000). Drawing concepts from coloniality and reveal how

coloniality underpins the desire for global spaces of equivalence

through: the desire for opportunity and belonging; and the desire

for recognition and pride (Shahjahan & Morgan, 2016).

 CENTRAL PHILIPPINES STATE UNIVERSITY
HINOBA-AN CAMPUS
Graduate School
Hinoba-an, Negros Occidental

Competitions have influenced positively mathematics

education and its institutions in different ways. Mathematics

competitions have matured and formed an immense and vibrant

global network which contribute significantly to the preservation

and the maintenance of mathematical heritage. Math competition

winners, as people with good problem-solving skills, are more

likely to get rapid, professional recognition, because they are

likely to find solutions to difficult and complex real-life

problems easier and faster than others(Kenderov, 2006).

Prior Contest Experience

Experience influences the characteristics and outcomes of

subsequent conflicts, such that winners are more likely to win

again (the winner effect) and losers more likely to lose again

(the loser effect) (Benelli; et al, 2015). Previous experience

alters actual fighting ability because both the assessment and

escalation periods were affected by experience). To examine

whether prior winners were more likely to win escalated contests

than prior losers. Although losers were more likely to lose

escalated contests. Winners were no more likely to win escalated

contests than expected (Kasumovic; et al, 2010. The effect of

prior contest experience on behavioral traits varies across

contest stages and is consistent with the hypothesis that prior

 CENTRAL PHILIPPINES STATE UNIVERSITY
HINOBA-AN CAMPUS
Graduate School
Hinoba-an, Negros Occidental

contest experience alters an individual’s perception of its own

fighting ability (Noble; et al, 2016). Characteristics of

allocation improve with experience (Avrahami, 2014). Both winning and

losing experience affected future contest success and it can be

an important determinant in contest outcomes (Andrade; et al,

2009).

Materials and Practice

The more time the participants spent on answering the

questions, the better scores were obtained (Ozcelik; et al,

2015).

The materials available to the teachers will provide

didactic instructions for the teachers how to use these materials

in their work with higher ability students and what type of

reactions and difficulties to expect on the side of students.

A Resource for Trainers

Teachers are the major human resource for the development of

competitions and related activities (Kenderov, 2006). Trainer was

also significant for all performance traits. It plays a vital

role in identifying which traits are better suited to the

performance (Wade, 2014). Coaches and support staff can use the
 CENTRAL PHILIPPINES STATE UNIVERSITY
HINOBA-AN CAMPUS
Graduate School
Hinoba-an, Negros Occidental

performance indicator values to monitor and assess the

performance of their team as well as opposing teams. Coaches can

then devise strategies and assign priorities for team preparation

based on each performance indicator’s effect on points scoring

and chances of winning (Higham; et al, 2014).

The teacher is to an even greater extent expected to take on

a role of autonomous decision maker who by virtue of her

continuous reflections on the interactions controls the learning

opportunities (Skott; et al, 2006). The prominent success of a

particular school can be attributed to the dedicated efforts of a

single teacher or a small group of teachers (Kenderov, 2006).

 CENTRAL PHILIPPINES STATE UNIVERSITY
HINOBA-AN CAMPUS
Graduate School
Hinoba-an, Negros Occidental

Chapter 3

Research Design and Methodology

This chapter is divided into seven parts: (1) Research

Design; (2) Respondents of the Study; (3) Research Environment;

(4) Research Instrument; (5) Validity of the Instrument; (6) Data

Gathering Procedure; and (7) Statistical Treatment of Data.

Part One, Research Design, explains the design and methods

used in the study.

Part Two, Respondents of the Study, describes the subject

used in the study.

Part Three, Research Environment, describes the setting of

the study.
 CENTRAL PHILIPPINES STATE UNIVERSITY
HINOBA-AN CAMPUS
Graduate School
Hinoba-an, Negros Occidental

Part Four, Research Instrument, presents the instruments

used in gathering data.

Part Five, Validity and Reliability of the Instrument,

explains the process of validating and measuring the reliability

of the instrument.

Part Six, Data Gathering Procedure, presents the process of

collecting raw data.

Part Seven, Statistical Treatment of Data, explains the

statistical techniques used in the study.

Research Design

This study utilized the descriptive research method.

According to Best & Kann (1989) the descriptive design is

particularly appropriate in the behavioural sciences.

Specifically, this study employed the survey method. According to

Ardales (2001) in his book entitled “Basic Concepts and Methods

in Research” survey method is suitable for studies that the

objective of which is to see a general picture of the population

under investigation, describes the nature of existing conditions,

or determine the relationship that exist specific variables or

events.

Respondents of the Study

 CENTRAL PHILIPPINES STATE UNIVERSITY
HINOBA-AN CAMPUS
Graduate School
Hinoba-an, Negros Occidental

The respondents of the study will be the Math Challengers of

Bilbao-Uybico National High School, Bulwangan National High

School-Main, Culipapa National High School, Saint Michael’s

Academy and Bulwangan National High School – Talacagay Extension.

All of the above-mentioned schools have 3 Math Challengers per

grade level from Grade 7 to 10.

Research Environment

This study will be conducted in secondary schools located at

different Barangays in the Municipality of Hinoba-an. The schools

are as follows: Bilbao-Uybico National High School, Brgy. Pook;

Bulwangan National High School-Main, Brgy. Bulwangan; Culipapa

National High School, Brgy. Culipapa; Saint Michael’s Academy,

Brgy 1 and; Bulwangan National High School – Talacagay Extension,

Brgy. Talacagay.

Research Instrument

The research instruments consisted of survey questionnaires

for each group of respondents and Coaches/Teachers and other

sources of data like the memorandum and result of the Math

Challenge posted on the Facebook Account of the Division of

Negros Occidental and other documents related to Math Challenge.

 CENTRAL PHILIPPINES STATE UNIVERSITY
HINOBA-AN CAMPUS
Graduate School
Hinoba-an, Negros Occidental

The researcher-made survey questionnaire is consist of 10

yes/no questions which will be answered by putting on the

column either under YES or NO with a follow-up question on each

item. This will be answered by the Math Challengers and the

Coaches/Teachers in Math Challenge. The said instrument will

undergo jury validation.

Validity of the Instrument

The researcher-made survey instrument will be validated by

the three experts in the field of mathematics.

The criteria that will be used by the jurors is that of Good

and Skates (1956). The criteria will rated between the range of 1

to 5 with 5 as the highest and 1 as the lowest.

The scale which will be used to validate the researcher-made

survey questionnaire is hereby shown below.

Scale Descriptive Interpretation

4.21 – 5.00 Very Good

3.41- 4.20 Good
2.61 - 3.40 Average
1.81 – 2.60 Poor
1.00 – 1.80 Very Poor

Data Gathering Procedure

At the outset, the researcher will send a letter to the

school heads and Math Coordinators of the different secondary

 CENTRAL PHILIPPINES STATE UNIVERSITY
HINOBA-AN CAMPUS
Graduate School
Hinoba-an, Negros Occidental

schools in the Municipality of Hinoba-an for the permission to

conduct the study. Also, the researchers will explain to the

respondents about the nature, purpose and significance of the

study. The researchers then will administer the researcher-made

survey questionnaire to the respondents of the study.

Soon after, the instruments will be gathered. The data will

be sorted out, organized and tabulated and subjected to

statistical treatment; consequently, the data will be analyzed

and interpreted.

Statistical Treatment of Data

Statistical techniques will be used to analyze and interpret

the data. Computer software specifically the Statistical Package

for Social Sciences (SPSS) will be used to process and treat the

data.

Spearman’s rho as inferential statistics will be employed to

examine the significant relationship of the predictors and the

winning team in Metrobank-MTAP-DepEd Math Challenge Elimination

Round. Pearson’s R will be used to determine the significant

relationship among the predictors of the winning team in

Metrobank-MTAP-DepEd Math Challenge Elimination Round and to

determine what among the independent factors predict the winning

 CENTRAL PHILIPPINES STATE UNIVERSITY
HINOBA-AN CAMPUS
Graduate School
Hinoba-an, Negros Occidental

team in Metrobank-MTAP-DepEd Math Challenge Elimination Round,

the Multiple Regression Analysis will be used.