VERBALIZING DATA
-Interpreting Graphs and Tables-
Dr. Endang Darsih, M.Pd
Skills used in this chapter:
1. Asking Questions
2. Answering Questions
3. Gathering & Discussing Information / data
4. Organizing Information / data into a graph or table
5. Reporting Information / data
Telling time in English
DIGITAL
Say the hour first and then the minutes.
(Hour + Minutes)
• 6:25 - It's six twenty-five
• 8:05 - It's eight O-five (the O is said like the letter O)
• 9:11 - It's nine eleven
• 2:34 - It's two thirty-four
Telling time in English
Analogue
Say the minutes first and then the hour. (Minutes + PAST / TO +
Hour)
• For minutes 1-30 we use PAST after the minutes.
• For minutes 31-59 we use TO after the minutes.
• A Quarter is 15 minutes
• A half is 30 minutes
Saying Numbers bigger than
1,000
Number Word
1,121 a/one thousand and one hundred and twenty-one
2,356 two thousand and three hundred and fifty-six
9,999 nine thousand and nine hundred and ninety-nine
three hundred and five thousand and two
305,234
hundred and thirty-four
In American English and is mostly
NOT USED.
ZERO
Word Explanation Example
single digits (telephone numbers, 67890
oh
codes) six - seven - eight - nine - oh
-5 °C
zero measurements (temperature)
five degrees Celsius below zero
figure 0 in British English* 5-5=0
nought
America Zero Five minus five leaves nought.
The match ended 2 - 0.
nil results in sport
The match ended two - nil.
40 - 0
love tennis
forty - love
• 1000 = A THOUSAND
• 100.000 = A HUNDRED THOUSAND
• 1.000.000 = A MILLION
• 100.000.000 = A HUNDRED MILLION
• 1.000.000.000 = A BILLION
• 1.000.000.000.000 = A TRILLION
• A QUADRILLION
• A QUINTILLIAN
• A SEXTILLION
• A SEPTILLION
• AN OCTILLION
• A NONILLION
• A DECILLION
MATH SYMBOLS
• PLUS
• MINUS
• EQUALS / IS EQUAL TO
• DIVIDED BY
• MULTIPLIED BY /TIMES
• LESS THAN
• GREATER THAN
• ROOT/ SQUARE ROOT
• SQUARE
• ETC
24 Hour Analogue Digital
6:00 six o’clock six o’clock
6:05 five past six six oh five*
6:15 a quarter past six six fifteen
6:20 twenty past six six twenty
6:30 half past six Six thirty
6:31 twenty-nine minutes to seven six thirty-one
6:45 a quarter to seven Six forty-five
6:50 ten to seven Six fifty
ORDINAL NUMBERS
Exceptions;
• one – first
• two – second
• three – third
• five – fifth
• eight – eighth
• nine – ninth
• twelve – twelfth
Telling money
• $1.45 = one dollar, forty five
• Rp. 1.500 = one thousand five hundred rupiahs
TELLING DATE
• 5 October 2004
the fifth of October, two thousand and four
October (the) fifth, two thousand and four
Telling year
• 1980 = nineteen eighty
• 1845 = eighteen forty five
• 2010 = twenty ten / two thousand ten
• Exception;
• 1900 = nineteen hundred
• 1800 = eighteen hundred
SAYING FRACTIONS
• ½ a half /ə 'hɑ:f/
• ¼ a quarter /ə 'kwɔːtə/
• ¾ three quarters /θriː 'kwɔːtəz/
• ⅓ a third /ə 'θɜ:d/
• ⅔ two thirds /tu: 'θɜ:dz/
• ⅕ a fifth /ə 'fɪfθ/
• ⅖ two fifths /tu: 'fɪfθs/
• ⅗ three fifths /θriː 'fɪfθs/
• ⅘ four fifths /fɔː 'fɪfθs/
• ⅙ a sixth /ə 'sɪksθ/
• ⅚ five sixths /faɪv 'sɪksθs/
• ⅛ an eighth /ən 'eɪtθ/
• ⅜ three eighths /θriː 'eɪtθs/
• ⅝ five eighths /faɪv 'eɪtθs/
• ⅞ seven eighths /sevən 'eɪtθs/
• 0.1 nought point one
• 0.01 nought point oh one
• 0.0001 nought point oh oh oh one
• 1.1 one point one
• 1.2 one point two
• 1.23 one point two three
• 1.0123 one point oh one two three
• 10.01 ten point oh one
• 21.57 twenty-one point five seven
• 2.6666666666.... two point six recurring
• 2.612361236123... two point six one two three
recurring /
• 2.5 million two point five million
What is a Graph?
A diagram that exhibits a relationship between two variables. Each
variabel is represented by one axis on the graph
How do you interpet
a graph?
• what is the subject of the graph?
• What do the horizontal and vertical axes represent?
• What trend or pattern does the graph reveal?
• what are the implication of the graph? What prediction can you make, or
what conclusion can you draw?
Useful Expressions
• This graph shows...
• The subject of this graph is...
• This format clearly ilustrates this subject.
• The horizontal axis represents...
• The vertical axis represents....
• The line on the graph ilustrates the relationship between....... And.........
• The trend / pattern revealed by this graph is...
Now Look....
en-speaking4-unicu
The graph shows the growth of the population in
Indonesia from 1930 to 2000. The horizontal axis
represents years in different intervals. The vertical axis
represents the population in units of 50 million. The
trend revealed by this graph is that the population of
Indonesia began to increase dramatically around 1971
and continued to accelerate through 2000. By studying
this graph, we can predict that the population of
Indonesia will double itself around 2030.
USEFUL EXPRESSIONS
• Much higher
• A lot more modern
• A great deal lower
• Considerably higher
• Far shorter
• ===JAUH LEBIH…==
USEFUL EXPRESSIONS
• Rather better
• Somewhat larger
• == AGAK LEBIH…==
• A bit lower
• Slightly higher
• A little lower
• ==SEDIKIT LEBIH…==
CONTRASTING
• On the other hand,
• In contrast to,
• On the contrary,
• In comparison to.. = sentence connectors
• But, yet, although, though, even though, while, whereas. =
conjunctions
• Unlike, differ from, compare to,..
LINE GRAPH
• A rise, an increase, a climb
• A decline, a decrease, a fall, a drop
• Remain stable, stay the same, level out, stabilize, reach a
plateu
• Peak/ high point, a through/low point
Graph trend
• slightly
• Slowly
• gradually
• Steadily
• Significantly
• dramatically
What is a table...
A list that presents numerical data in columns. The data are usually
arranged in aither descending or ascending order.
How do you interpret
a table?
• What is the subject of the table?
• What are the headings for each column?
• What order are the data presented in?
• What conclusion can you draw from the table?
Useful Expressions
• The table shows...
• The subject of this table is...
• The data are presented in ascending order, with the lowest
number listed at the top of the column and the highest
number listed last, at the bottom of the column.
• The data are presented in descending order, with the highest number
listed at the top of the column and the lowest number listed last, at
the bottom of the column.
• The left-handed column indicates....
• The right -handed column indicates.....
• The column on the left represents.....
• The column on the right represents.....
• The columns on the table ilustrate the relationship
between.........and..............
• By studying this table, we can predict that.....
• In conclusion...........
SKOR TOEFL
MAHASISWA UNIKU KELAS G
NAMA READING LISTENING
Andi 270 190
Abee 310 240
Bima 280 200
Dedi 290 200
Ecih 300 220
Esah 290 190
Fani 330 250
Jaka 310 230
Wawan 300 210
Yaya 280 200
Thank you for your attention...
en-speaking4-unicu
