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poner ice METHODS -
piyprrbal apeehion
4 ° SE order + °
> satetten 4 AS© ord 6. 45 degree ODE with Mntttal
condition by .
$) Tayter!s | Sertes method «
st) Mostifed Evters method -
at) wth oder Tebnge- ketta. (R-) methed
8a) padiner ‘
) Mitne's predictor - corrector method -
te oad o hy
pret
8) Boivtfon °b atgebrate: and, transcendental equotieng .
v
sermon
trencadabal
by ¢) Beguia- fate? method » apace
88) Newton - Haphaor pnethod » tegnonive
tov's Serves _enethod
“Tagine.
proree (= e)
rinttal uate
probtern oh Kee" J cy B ° atpperentiot equolien °h
Ast onder GAS eee “5 erm a 2$ (4)
cond?tion cies fe? f
ustth the help +} anttfal
Antttal, vatee pose.
% cated
(2) ober the poirt
“Tape! Seta Fes action
cine 6 giuer by yee yet, (x- =ye
(«June eels. wenger
r 4@y) gee) 7 (=) e B
Yas up (ape)? per
he ape pe?| Dy! = tg (=a) Syleery
ie yey) oy ey -
ge = fry oo tg
> ys ye
y's > urge >? que ys
$e tye Fe yys = yet get Rye
Jyee p tpmyrverniy
oe = ey ea Sys sty?
“yt e uty Pye Stagg t
ys = 242)
PP gry tye Ue = By +P gde
9 J 4 ge = Myrye + Oyege + 2yys
gu et ge tye ,
elyt= sty! ( | ed y's em “yt
os aye Dye e*-y?
a = Sag tty | yee et dy
Dos = By Foxy * OMY AYE | Yo se ayPaayse
Pus dy t Byrtoy+ Nye + Oya ys) P Yur = Fue
= seus te \ ~ Sytge OS——
“SRepiems based, 07 ayter Santee
zy “Tayler “Sertes)_methed yee the Ualue of y ot
et} GH 9S HHOe2 , Correct -to 4 decimal places
gee ays (m*y-")de, ylo) = (conateten opto uth
degree te7ms
ge * os = aye > | =) Ho =O |
+ youd + gle)»
yong! Yr Ce) = ont ak
ges Segoe: yrce) = o+O= Oo
Ua = Oy Wee + Doeyy rH" ye (oe) = 2+O +07 2
Seyi iH
uM = ay, “tye + Noes + doe ynt ys
ys (o)= -e+0 +07
sy “Tayler serfes method 5
A= yen d+ Corse gre Coen 2eeSyrc=)
uw LF
+ (x -xo) ys Cm) 4 (e<- 2cel) yu (eee)
rey w
Here xo =0 -
yed= yo + myle) 4 ety CD + Fy C4 tiga lo)
2 6 “ta
~ Ye toe +2? -Be4 4 -
Ss oe,
ye = taco ea oy
men PN Kg.
| YO o.900s
JCr) & o-gorsEnpiny Taylor Sextee method +0 (i Oper gay. 6
pen ty 2 m-42, yee)
O° ae J SOdy
De
pth de giec term,
Cowect lh dectmat Pploces
et x =O. °y Conetdestng opte
Gren t oye yer!
we ey yO = -1 = ly, =
Ce) = t-92 5
yece) nN
esta
{PFO Byege | ys(e) = -9-9 = =
morta Sh ase a
(Co) = --2-2 2-8.
qe ~Hyge- ayy Sy ys 3
HACIG) 06) ea Gey
1246 a 15
lee) ~20)(2t0) gr
y=
a
* Cred ysl) 4 (ema) yun)
G@ y —
p> yl) + = YO) 4 x?
we BL + ely (eo) + *ysted eye le)
e B c = fy
ae Wy
Vm a 4 3aet W239 ee _,
—_
a
able. be Bede a set
4 3z THF 4 1a cu
5 Te
lol) = 09139ee
| wtoatpied Eten Method»
Ko = yer 4[=>-yo)
Dz gee bf £ Cmorge) + tr gO)
yond b [$e
yo = yet at [* (=o yo) + tg] ‘
gO = gor & [+ (= ued F (9) +
LL stage!
ASE
wee gant (era)
2)
po? - 4 BAS cela we ACES:
pO Byes bee? + ea 9)] |
se]
rn i bien
Frobtems -
ted Gules formate Bove, Geepy a
os at oz t rig
t Ustng Moat
Qn steps ©
qtuen gto = 1
out — tro ened freations at each aioe
gun py ay hed
h-o.S
Ho: 0. my = Koth= 01S on, = the |
geal yee a 2-2
) A tom) Of tigate
Keeps
Ye’ vadion ode
By moatited Goter's method
= yO) = yo + h $ (20 rye)
St Os $(0rr)
SB a me>y Ce) _
ee
Os yo + BL tem, yo) 4 £9)
=. (3) [rer +f (0.5 } 2]
= '* fae] [t+ oe)
yO = 1.3350 .
=> 4)
> +
et d[Pewrteug yy)
1+ (az) [re 4 $(05, sie)
= Ae (Jf +o.raas]
@)
¢ ~ BEBER nota Ltn
NOP? © 2 t-sssa// 2
TE soy
pe? Re yht h F(s “)
163833 4 os F (os, 133833)
'-3833 4 05 (0-310)
ye
~ tees.
=> pl 2 yr p[eew +e ee v))
5 +3833 *e2][- saiot P(15% owed] |= 143833 [Rl oreo marae} iW
ae 1. Sio4 /
= go? = yf * [+ Cx eys) +P Ce gro?) |
= 13833 + (2 [ sesie + F(t, 16100) }
F 4.3833 4 (spp ees tases]
2
3) Sowe o> nay? BCed= 2 Sob. G EO?
rt
heist. Ge aig oe
“Take -the step Length On 4
wo modi ffeotions @ each stage -
FA qin yt = 7 y™ = £029) heon
aye 2 (o2)= 2
genre Frog ;
mxoth=ot,
Q
zcotO- ?
yo Ds a4 ¢ oo
.
> gl) - ye * hf [= )
A D+ Ov $02]
yore . . “
D yO - h 4 P(e yr?)
BO = yor B [Fe ~
“ eaforron9)]
F 3+ (e][o+ Con | yO = 1:98=) 40) yor spree tery) ;
= O4 (22) [e+ Coss]
= asoH
u
[sere y p> 1+ ‘1896 /
=) ye - yi th $C 9)
= 1eQgoh + Ot F(eu 4 t-@gou')
1.9804 + 0. Weer 3922)
aEoe) = te | UNL
- po a gt £[terw +e Ggo)]
= LQso4 + (ex fea (Cosa, |
= 1+980u 4 fe] foo Ge-3s6) |
yo? = = i 423) ,
=) pO = gre [re yO +2 (Ce, ey
a1 eee lt. +3922 - 0.3303]
yO) = Leazas .er ie |
ted Euler method . Sotue J i = toy ( 24),
rng Moat}
ot 2 Gy hate he Oe « Most
yor?
“the gotutfon “tw fce (Pe [prt yo thrabin tn. ease stays )
gen: DY = log(*49) = (xy) , hoor
ae = £9)
mor! 20) = Koth ape math seu
oe abe gis Ey(w)
BP geet yon BOM
(2) 2 up th $ (x04)
t
='O4 0-2 £2)
oY
= 2+ 0-2 %1-0986
yce = Oat
Dy = yp as (x0. yo) + 2 y))
rie *(es2] [tevee 43.2 (2 -o.002)]
= a+ [et] [morse 4.2296]
=
4 Ifa.
f (xo. yo) + f (me 9)
teoqag + £ (2 oo os)
[9286 +12 22]
oo
> 4 = ete
:
&
+
—
el?
,
SS;ft =) poe = the (erg)
| = 5.3330 + o2 f£ (> > 9.9330’)
= 9-93839 4 O-2 % 162335
ge? ='O/U88Q
| > po? = yy +b{t (= ys) +t (= yD)
= 9.3330 +(e [resse + £(ry + 3.40)
= Preone + [2:2] [tases + esse]
= ‘
pO = BHO 1
Dy OCege $ [Goad t Fy]
= Passa (a8) [ers = 1.38%]
yc) = uaaoe
tyted Toten Method aotue
Des Mears ‘
g
99 = Sine +eos
SEm Ste tommy
even yor= 0 ot SC= 3.5 Fn two Seps meaty
tne solution twice at cach stoge |
he BS OTL Qs
Gwent
aU cy
=xot oS msexXothes
qer ° ge?
yO = yorh tr te)
=ot os # (2,0)
= 01s K 1ST
ee eee
2
geet
yrO= 067992
ye? 2
0) 2 D+6399
ye) Frets
5053 2 08994
qd 0 +9H36
0.6092
> yds gor R[F Ge) +4 (= 4 )]
W
yd = 06099 .
U
os
o
vo
" 1
g = 0-049.
O32 [t-saas + o-aetz)
° +(4) (: wsqas+ £(3 , 0.1993) |
or (37) {u sas t o.bs8e]
= ye +s (ae, yo) + f (= > y©)]
Ot O-S\ oqges + #(2,0:60%) ]
3= y.0) = goth Boe 4)
= 0.6399 + os x £(3,,0+6999)
= 06399 + OS x 0-9UZ3
eo = Luis
Dy - ot h(s (erg + Fe + ©)
2
= 63994 os 0-9433 + $@s, t-ue) J
= 06399 + O-S[p.qua3 + ovoaas)
2
yes) O-8a8a .
=) o @) . a “(Fe y+ Fee >) ]
=o.
“63994 0. S [04 qua 146 2a 09)
= 0-63qq 4 be[oinuan +0: ras)
yO) = orguasCr
es Dever Deage « Kutta, methed +
Conatder Gnttfal valve problem ey = 3(=¥) yep
ox t
athe oppreseimote Solvton ker one % gfuen by ye = gore
eshere KO = Kit Ske + OK3+ky
6
Ki = h F(x ye)
Ko oh F [sete > yor
Ra- ht [owes yore
2 2
Kyu = hf [= h, got ks]
obtotned % Colted
th?s
RK Soletfor
ove
nolutfon @%
Ahe Sotvtion
& -the method ©f obtotning
RK method -
calted — th order
Freblemas 2
Rie method JY = SOE
<2. “pe for 4 cohen
Sowe b
0 oe
oct 0.2 ger yor 4 ates athe Keehn tothe yo +4)
BS (04m , ra ba)
o
3
FO. £ foe G44 00909
2 2
> Kut he (ay, wp).
349
Foun ¢ (o# a 4°6:0%09 )
Ku =0-0832
K = Kit ak. Fok sty
6
ic 8 * 0 0909. +. 2x 0.0909 +0-0825)
$$ enn 9:98
S
Gs getk =
=> qed = 1 +009 = logy
t— —-_—S——
wen kre HE (Hoye)
= ovr F (Ory toa)
k) = 0.0880
> Kr= hp (ets yet KL)
= oO F (ons 2 1 trogit + 010835
>
ton florets 1 .09t1 + 0.0766
Ky = © +0708
ko = Kit ake + OKs t Ky
neta
6
6
K = o:036%
Ge = yak
= p09 +0+046%
= gle)
11648 ¢Ke ky t2ks
+ 2kathy
6
Kya h t (x0. go)
keh t(mer bs wep hh) .
ka hke (xorh, yor)
kus ht (Zoths yorRs)
ste RK method, solve dy 2
ot x -o.2.
aos
Take, Step length os O-!
dy 2 3x44 =
dee >
XC, = Roth =0-1
JOY ed
hn £ (eo. ve)
Ont $(0.5)
=O xXO.S I
”
Sar Gtuen
meo=d
yess
tHe
Sy,
— Kore
Kkr=
7 Ks:
mh £ Gora | yo
FO Flores, 14
>
0.0663
h F (sob > You
&
= on (2% oF ito
Keo =
0-066
)
Boot, given gee!
£(x.9) hoy
DC, = Mith= 0.2
yes +a?
tke
3
o.0s
>
ee)
19663
=> Kus hf (xoth, yorks) . |
sor £(O+ 0-1, 1 +0,066%)
Ky = 0:0833
K = Kit OK2 + Ok3 + ky
Sq
S ,
0-05 + DXO06ER +. Ox .0664 +0-0833
6
kK = 0-+0666
gt = getk i
qe" = 140-0666 = 1-0666,
Tk eh Reise)
= Ost F£+ » roses )
= Be x 0.0833
Ki = 0.0833
SD kp eh eC tb, beth
Sou ffo-14+ O18 5 1eogde + 07,0833
= a
Kr = 0-004
> Ks= ht (arbi, gt ke)» ‘
= ov (os Out, occa + ox1904 )
Ks = 0.1008
> Ku h& (ith, yaks)
Or Plorson 5 1.0666 + 0-108 )
Ie) = OH,ke Kit oko + Oks tu
es
é
6
= 0-0833 + Ox 0.1004 49x 0:1008 + O-Hay
CS
\K = 0-100% -
Qe = gre *
yoe-2) = 10666 +0 100%
> 11633
Tltines Reatetor - coreste” Pexmutoe
Predictor Uatve h 4 Pe. gruer by
) a \
gue? = ye +(HE][or oes +9%:)
Fy? = £ (xu > ul?) .
Corrected valve oh y Pe gfure by
ym get EB][te ate a euC] = 9,
$09) =f (xu, gut”)
oO. 6
r q = Ye {B) [to ute £40}
( Modiptehior 4
\ sot twice
Note: ©) _ yc)
fo ogee ye cthen there @% Ao need of
il mod? pfeatton Fra
Facet
awe oe rae gfe ycodea 4 Cor)= 9-010 5
ylot) = 2-04 p ghee > B098 + Find y (eu)
evvect +o OH Aectmat piece uated Mitines Predtetor
a
(ve ane Corrector formotae for tustee)
hrser-20* 0+)
Gfuen = Oy = ac%-y = F (=, 9)
ox
2 tue
[x0 = O y= Or | Oy 0-2 [acy 3 st ky tn e(x)
- : | - 1 Ip Key tn eA
4 tes 2 \ypr 2-080 [ye 2-06 ga22-oro| good
fey! fo= fre fae | faz |
0 {0.2003 Jo. 0280-6094)
rey |
— | be
By melnelg Method
aye = yor pes £.- fo sets)
enter tip fn Yvalus
= O+ (we [exe +2003 - 0+ lores 0-60"
yah? ® 311623
ofulr) . £ (=e, yu Ce)
. Fou, 2.1623) ,
4,0) = OoBzIy
ia Sef) I[f- 4fst fac?)
| =o 2.ouo.
| © Ou (2! ez |{o- Ors + 4% 07 GOT FO” sz }
Ce!
bir) = S-t621 fu. Cr))> fy CP = f (mu, yal?)
= Pon, 3.1621)
fuCe) = 0.82'1S—
> yu = gee [peer ee]
= 2.0u0 + (eeu + 4x0 +6099 +o-eas)
3
ony
GL Given Gu = 9", yee)ro, gerd= ore EN-08
J
Compute ys) by aprtyteg Milnes
method twice -
¥€6) = 0.162
Correctot
Givens dy 2 cy? =P (ey) ie Oe
3
oc \tee \ _
2 \xi-0-2| 5, 0.4 pe et
0-6 | ore)
| Be
¥ Yer 0 |yiso-02!° wee ty |
: D+O49S Ontne2) at
| . }
L. |
gil a= \Pae |
Frey 10 lonaag Be tee
0:2937) 0. séqo! |
Facey? |_—
zy mitre method
oyu » ge + (2) [2 ff + 24s)
0-2
= 0+ [219-2 Jfanentace - 90-3937 faxosese]
ares 0-30H% .
o pul?) = x P(x, gal??) = $(- ge, 0 aoua) =! 2 014040
~ co 4 + (3) [® sou fs + Pu ol
= 0049S + [22] [ovens 4 Hxe-s620 40-7070]
4)
yc? = Or30n6 . =
aioe
= 0.4082
> fu ie f (ud guer?.) =. g(o3 ° sous)
2 gee = yt (2) [ponte]
= 90-0495 + [cat] fo-sess serercese* ° 207)
a ;
Gn CO = On 80N6 «and State
gCe-s) ys (2) 29-3046 .
"”
Regier “fas method or Methed al, Jotse_ postion
, ont
ft polyromtat oh degree m3 Oo we tae + ae
tan cshere GofFO
2 2 Se RUM
Aiigeorate deoctor + A fonction coh ch ’
dvi mort
om
/ eat fotos %
fferen ce . product *b two pery7e™
Called an Algebras yeee
— fe htch Ts
Transcendental jenetion 2 4 Rector woht¢
ee 2% cated
excponential oy Logortthm ex Abtqenomedy® © :
Abonscenderctat fossieh ,
Aitgerate Eguatfen 7 Ain equation, D2 tshiere
~ As an aigebrate poster Gs catted an
Algebrofc eguatfen
“Transcendental Equation
An equation fore usbere,
KO % an tronscendental Junctfon %s calted on
tranacen dental — Egquatfen
Bot of athe equotfon er Zero of fprction 2A
yeal or Comptesc number Sm? Ps cated the
yoo oh ctr equotfen qe 4m) 0 v here
% aise coiled Zero O} the functteee Vorkian
mediate rapa or location *b voot Preps .
fle rore where je @x & Continous +eat
valve voction °} veal vorfable a. x4 i has
ores ap
cinen the eguotton
Ue A +
ae b - Geometfaatu (x) h oO
uy ble of 3) a 4 as Opp sty)
4
the
sto Laltye Se mamety ere goaxrb
(2>=0 has atleost one real wot
wo vatues Of OF thot %s oc=a € sc=b6 then
core Y= PCeD cuts the sc-aschs Ottcast at
potnt eohese cet coordinate PA m whch ke
one
ie real root opthe equation
ble o& © and m & -th
+ 20, .-
Hiquotion oN Chord AB aren bY
Bry = B9 (ese
me
y- (2) = (2 -#@) (=-2)
Gb)
=) (se-0) = bro 4 $e) ,
wee )
= = a -(b-0) (#023) |
[f@ - FC)
beeAt “the pofot ec!) yso
m= ae (»-0)(#ee3)
(0-200)
Be= a flb)- af) - bf) + o MO
(Cece) - eee) vO
=> oPts.[o Hee) 5 b Fle.
a ee
(eee) - #003]
TE} the Snterual (o-*3 es Very
ax ~coordtnete h ca! & sepyfoty
De -coord tnote oh Co the rele OF eer
U
b moot ep wohere-(b-a) f
matt thes the
close to the
by @ serves
es ao opprosdmote valve
Supp fertig “@mo » the method vaed to obtoin One of
frre ustng free
the vroots of ae (s-40102 % 0-23136 4 axo-0120%)
(° 23136 +0 “010% ),
Ms, =Q. 44091 xO-23136 + 3x0/00638)
(c: 22136 + 0:00038))
Mu = (a. an06% KO 23136 4 Brocoso})
Sek See
= De tHOEY & 0+ 00000 4+ 9-4HO6S XO +0000!)
+2336 + o-osee: )
| (0+ 000004 + 0-0000/)Oo”
Zince Mus Mg oe We take = 9-4H0bS~q,
my
<
atuen
,
the approsimate wroot oh the equerter Correct
to S dectrral places
@ sas tne s00t ch the equation me% coon
Correct to 4 Gectmal places cahich Her blo
OW § O16. Here DE Bn radtens
Gives 2 ote™ =cosa -
P(x = see“ cosce
£4) = -0.32u3 40 £@-«)= O26 3950
ie root Ves blo 0-4 -€ 0-6
[ago = b FC]
[#099 - #5]
fea} b | $s) \ om Fa
-0-3243| B+ 6.|,.0-2679 | O.soqs- 70-0244
34 Reguio« kes method ©. M=
a ew
1) Om
2 (0.5095]-0-0249]0+6 |o-2049. | os142 | ~9 0014
| \
3 [o.S142|-0-001410-6 | 2649 \o.si44 |p. 000)
|
4 lost ast +0-000||0-G |o.264q O-Stqzq | -O-000 |eer
vi 2 (omnes 2678 #06 079048)
C O- 2679 + o-32u3)
(5095 XO+2629 + 016% 0-022)
eee
(co - 2639 + 0-0249
m3 2(orstazx O+2679 +t0-6%0-00/4)
(0.2679 +0-001%)
Sttt x O126FQt 0-6x 0-000! )
(o-26"8 +0-0001)
ence MZ=My 8. we take m=a0-Sttt as the
vation Coreck-
approximate rreot Pb athe gree 4
4o U Gecieal pignes :
Qo tend the 279 order approsefmate, root opthe
doe tank sO Ue ble) S&S
eqvottes
Given: aansc+tanhse =O © 3.3942
P(e) - tana +tanhes: s 9.0662
£)= =1.2210 £0 fs) = 0.8585 >0
. , ,
|
Roo \ fa) |e 4 REIN | Mo | oD)
ne \ 3 [SeBsas |2.s88%) 0+ 35t9
as \ \ \
| te 22l0 | 2eSBBYWN 0B FLY ee | WISE
8.] \
) oe Atearte 2hSth| ontsge esen
243992 o
|”
eom= (axo-ssos- +3xt.2210))
Nee
(0-805 + 12210)
= (axes sia + 3x1.2210)
(a aa10 40.3419)
Ms = (ax +1596 + 3xt-2210)
(or 1s96+ te2218)
Stnce m3 = 9.3992 % the Approxtmate woot. op *
.
Qtr equation covrect to 3 Gecfmal places «
DV ewron “eaeneos) Merton
tad one °h the Approcdinal
Tht= method fa used to
real oot *h atgebrate. OF -Lranscedemtat netien
@ se) = Ifa
Fotor server ie qbovt ocro % gtuen *4 + ) j2
FE)= FOF SOHO + GaP HNO, ghyne
u Be eS
Cee) *e 0)
EY Flee 3 ©
ty
Ptr x= m in @
Pom) = Sco) + (ma) 'Ca) + Cm -al? rE) 4 Corey) “Gs)
S
ww)
AO ate | @.
anergy athe égher Segre GenPuates Q Can be
2H
qprittken as
pnd = FOI Cm aPC - ©Cr
44 m
1, © becomes O* $.Ca) +7 -0) #'Ca)
Ga the yoot b thre <3 + then fom) zo .
=) (m-e)gita) = -F0) .
m-as= —fC2) - mea-FQ)D 56 @®
4 tcod Rice)
Fh Xo Ps the @oftrat @pproscimotion o} the voot
oh he cqrotien then the ree order opprosimation
4) dine root % given By tie mo - $m) 2. 8
: Fi (x)
(HJ onder opr of the weet Fs geen BY *
aeeer = Xe - $ Cem)
F'(ew)
Geometrtcot M cantng
yt
(a.fer)A
54 et the
ogee +o the Core LPCeeD,
Equation 0] the “to
b PCF 47 FD -@
we
poet A &s que i
at the poet Co, yro
yt. © becomes go £) 'S.£te)
mee
Gead|etCa)= -Fe)
mera = - FO)
ai Ce)
so
20) ©\ oY
ee ken @ e@_ m % the ce - co-ordinote a
the pofrt ushere. the ctangert to the Come ot
A meets the ct oss
ent lowly ae Os the wx-co-ordtrate of the,
Poteet ewoheve the ton get +O —the Corve Gt the
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