INTRODUCTION TO
COMPUTER SYSTEM
STORES DATA OUTPUTS
INPUT DATA PROCESS DATA
AND INFORMATION
INFORMATION
John
Smith
2358 John Smith
2358 Smithville
Smithville
Road
Road
Movie 1 *Movie 1
Movie 2 *Movie 2
▪ HARDWARE: Parts of the computer that you can see and touch
For example: CPU, monitor, keyboard, mouse, printer, and other items
called hardware devices
▪ SOFTWARE : Instructions or programs that control the computer and tell the
hardware what to do.
For example: Operating System, Application Software, etc.
▪ SUPERCOMPUTER - a large very fast mainframe used especially for scientific
computations.
▪ MAINFRAME COMPUTER - Amainframe (also known as 'big iron') is a high-
performance computer used for large-scale computing purposes that require
greater availability and security. Sometimes called centralized systems.
▪ MINICOMPUTERS - a computer of medium power, more than a microcomputer
but less than a mainframe.
▪ MICROCOMPUTERS – a compact computer, with less capacity and capability
than a minicomputer, consisting of a microprocessor and other components.
▪ PERSONAL COMPUTER OR PC (DESKTOP) - a compact computer that uses a
microprocessor and is designed for individual use, as by a person in an office or at
home or school
▪ LAPTOP - a notebook is a portable personal computer with a clamshell form
factor, suitable for mobile use
▪ PERSONAL DIGITAL ASSISTANTS (PDA) - also known as a palmtop computer,
or personal data assistant, is a mobile device that functions as a personal
information manager.
▪ TABLETS PCs - A tablet is a wireless, portable personal computer with a touch
screeninterface. The tablet form factor is typically smaller than a notebook
computer but larger than a smartphone.
▪ 4 elements that make up the personal computer system
USER SOFTWARE HARDWARE ELECTRICITY
▪ FOUR MAJOR HARDWARE COMPONENT PARTS:
- Central Processing Unit (CPU)
- Random Access Memory (RAM) /
- Input / Output(I/O) Devices
- Storage Devices
▪ INTERNAL / EXTERNAL COMPONENTS:
- Internal Device can be installed inside the system unit.
- External Device can be plugged into a connection on the computer.
▪ A system unit is the core of a computer
system
▪ A box that has electronic components to
process information
▪ CPU or microprocessor which act as a
“brain” of the computer.
▪ Random Access Memory (RAM) that
temporarily stores info that the CPU uses
while the computer is on. The information
stored in RAM is erased when the
computer is turned off.
▪ A motherboard is a
printed circuit board
containing the
principal components of
a computer or other
device, with connectors
into which other circuit
boards can be slotted.
▪ Expansion Slot – graphics card, memory
▪ PCI Slot – modem, sound card
▪ AGP – for 3D graphics
▪ CPU Slot – microprocessor chip
▪ RAM Slot – for additional memory
▪ Openings at the back of a system unit
▪ Allows you to expand component within the system box
Modem Card
Video Card
▪ CPU or Central Processing Unit
▪ Receives and executes instructions form
software activated by user.
▪ Process information and instruction at
different speeds measured in Megahertz
(Mhz) or Gigahertz (Ghz)
▪ Computer needs memory chips to store information
▪ Measured in bytes which 1 byte = 1 character
▪ Computers developed using a numbering system of 1s and 0s.
▪ These two digits make a bit and eight bits make 1 byte
1 kilobyte = 1,024 bytes or 1 thousand bytes
1 megabyte = 1,000,000,000 bytes or 1 million bytes
1 Gigabyte = 1,000,000,000,000 bytes or 1 Billion bytes
1 Terabyte = 1,000,000,000,000,000 bytes or 1 Trillion bytes
▪ Every file used in a software program by the computer has a specific file size.
▪ Group of integrated circuit responsible for:
- Starting a computer
- Checking the RAM
- Loading the OS
▪ Function only when the computer first turned
on or each time you restart (reboot) the
computer.
▪ Reads information entered and process during
the time it resides in the memory
▪ A random-access memory device
allows data items to be read and
written in roughly the same amount
of time regardless of the order in
which data items are accessed.
▪ Allow communication between the user and computer
▪ In simple terms, anything you used to enter information into a computer
considered input device, and anything used to display information in a computer
considered output device.
▪ Input / Output Device can be used to:
- send information to the computer.
- display / transmit info from the computer
- communicate between computers
MOUSE SCANNERS
KEYBOARD
MICROPHONE CD ROM / DVD DRIVE
PRINTER CRT MONITOR FLAT PANEL
MONITOR
PLOTTERS
SPEAKERS HEADSET
JOYSTICK
MODEM
DIGITAL CAMERA
GRAPHICS TABLET
▪ Store software programs and permanent record of work
FLOPPY DISK HARD DISK DRIVE CD DRIVE / WRITER DVD DRIVE
FLASH / MEMORY
CARDS
SUPERDISK
FLASH DISK
TAPE DRIVES
▪ Computers generally have one floppy disk drive, at least one hard disk drive, and
one CD drive.
▪ Each disk drive is assigned with letter and referred to as Drive [D]: or [D]
▪ Drives:
- Floppy Drives A or B
- Hard Drives C or higher for each hard drive installed
- CD/DVD Drives D or higher for each drive installed
- Network Drives F or higher for each network drive
▪ Can add or remove drives as required
▪ A printer transfers data from a computer onto paper.
▪ Different types of printers
DOT MATRIX INK JET PRINTER BUBBLE JET LASER PRINTER
PRINTER
