INTERNET
TYPES OF COMPUTER NETWORK
► LOCAL AREA NETWORK (LAN) - A LAN connects network devices
over a relatively short distance.
► METROPOLITAN AREA NETWORK (MAN) - A MAN is a large computer
network that usually spans a city or a large campus
► WIDE AREA NETWORK (WAN) - WAN covers a large geographic area
such as country, continent or even whole of the world.
Types of Internet Connection:
► Dial-Up
► Digital Subscriber Line
► Cable
► Internet over Satellite
► 3G and 4G
Choosing Internet Service Provider
► Speed
► Price
► Ease of Installation
► Service Record
► Technical Support
► Contract Terms
HOW INTERNET WORKS?
► Because the Internet is a global network of computers each
computer connected to the Internet must have a unique address.
This address is known as an IP address.
► An Internet Protocol address (IP address) is assigned to every
computer on the Internet and every device that communicates on
a network. It is a number that uniquely identifies each computer or
device connected to Internet. IP addresses are not easy for humans
to remember , which is why domain names are used. Domain
names map to IP addresses , meaning they are essentially a
human-friendly representation of an IP address.
HOW INTERNET WORKS?
INTERNET USAGES
► Communication
► Send and receive emails
► Download files
► Post your opinion to a news group
► Chatting
► Surf the world wide web
► Business
► Shopping
► Entertainment
WORLD WIDE WEB (WWW)
► The World Wide Web is a system of interlinked hypertext documents
accessed via the Internet
► With a web browser, one can view webpages that may contain
text, images, videos, and other multimedia and navigate between
them via hyperlinks
► It uses a protocol called HTTP – Hypertext Transfer Protocol.
► A Uniform Resource Locator, or URL is the address of a document you'll find on
the WWW. It is an address assigned to files on the Internet.
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology/index.html
► Domain Names
A fully qualified domain name (or FQDN) is a domain that specifies an exact resource
and can be interpreted in only one way. An FQDN will always include the server’s host
name .
FQDN ✗ https://bbc.co.uk/news/index.html
FQDN ✓ https://www. bbc.co.uk/news/index.html
Types of Website
► Static - A static website is one that has webpages stored on the
server in the format that is sent to a client web browser.
► Dynamic - A dynamic website is one that changes or customizes
itself frequently and automatically, based on certain criteria.
ELECTRONIC MAIL (EMAIL)
► The transmission of messages over communications networks.
► It is a fast and efficient way to communicate with friends or
colleagues.
► Basic email functions:
Send and receive mail messages Save your messages in a file
Print mail messages Reply to mail messages
Attach a file to a mail message
► Email Address
The email address has three parts:
– a user name
– an "at" sign (@)
– the address of the user's mail server
Example: Harris@ftms.edu.my
► Email Client An email client is a computer program used to manage a user's
email. Popular email clients include Microsoft Outlook, Pegasus Mail, Mozilla's
Thunderbird, and Apple Inc.'s Mail.
► Web-Based Mail Is an e-mail service intended to be primarily accessed via a web
browser. Some very popular web mail providers: – Gmail – Yahoo!Mail – Hotmail
FILE TRANSFER PROTOCOL (FTP)
► The protocol for exchanging files over the Internet.
► Used for moving files between two hosts on a TCP/IP network.
► FTP is most commonly used to download a file from a server using
the Internet or to upload a file to a server.
SEARCH ENGINE
► A search engine is designed to search for information on the
internet.
► Search engine presents the search results in the form of a search
results list.
► The search results can be webpages, images, videos, and other
type of files.
CHATTING
► Chatting is the other method for Internet conversation.
► It enables people connected anywhere on the Internet to join in live
discussions.
Examples: MSNMessenger
YahooMessenger
VIDEO CONFERENCING
► A video conference is a set of interactive telecommunication
technologies which allow two or more locations to interact via
two-way video and audio transmissions simultaneously.
► The other components required for a videoconferencing system
include:
Video Input and Output
Audio input and output
Data transfer
Computer
E-COMMERCE
► Electronic commerce or E-Commerce consists of the buying and
selling of products or services over electronic systems such as the
Internet and other computer networks.
► It includes the entire online process of developing, marketing, selling,
delivering, servicing and paying for products and services
INTERNET SECURITY
► Firewalls
► Packet Filtering
► Stateful Inspection
► Proxy Server
WORMS, TROJANS AND VIRUSES
► WORMS
Worms are pieces of malicious software that can self-replicate
between computers, either within a network or by users downloading
and running a malicious file.
► TROJANS
A Trojan is a type of malware that is disguised as a benign file that
users can be tricked into opening. These are often spread as email
attachments or downloaded from malicious websites.
WORMS, TROJANS AND VIRUSES
► VIRUSES
If you’ve studied viruses in Biology, you may know that viruses
require a host cell. This is the same with computer viruses, which require
a host file in which to reside. These files are typically executable files,
meaning that viruses can lie dormant in a computer until their host file is
opened or run. Viruses can spread between computers over a private
network, the Internet or even through the use of physical media like
hard drives, flash drives and optical disks.
PREVENTING MALWARE
► Good code quality
► Antivirus programs
