Based on the provided document, here are some MCQ questions and answers related to software

architecture:

Question 1: Which of the following are key topics associated with software architecture?

a) Design Principles and Patterns

b) Scalability and Performance

c) Security

d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

*Explanation: These are all key topics associated with software architecture as they help in building a
robust, scalable, and maintainable system.

Question 2: What does the acronym MVC stand for in software architecture?

a) Model-View-Component

b) Model-View-Controller

c) Main-View-Controller

d) Module-View-Connector

Answer: b) Model-View-Controller

*Explanation: MVC is a design pattern that stands for Model-View-Controller, which helps in separating
concerns in software architecture.

Question 3: What is the primary goal of implementing security measures within software architecture?

a) To improve system performance

b) To protect against threats and vulnerabilities

c) To enhance the user interface

d) To increase the development speed

Answer: b) To protect against threats and vulnerabilities

*Explanation: Security measures are implemented to protect the system against various threats and
vulnerabilities.
Question 4: Which of the following is NOT an architectural style discussed in software architecture?

a) Monolithic

b) Microservices

c) Layered

d) Spiral

Answer: d) Spiral

*Explanation: The Spiral model is a software development process model, not an architectural style.

Question 5: What principle demands no cycles in the dependence graph of a system to ensure low
coupling and maintainability?

a) Open/Closed Principle

b) Dependency Inversion Principle

c) Acyclic Dependencies Principle

d) Single Responsibility Principle

Answer: c) Acyclic Dependencies Principle

*Explanation: The Acyclic Dependencies Principle ensures that there are no cycles in the dependence
graph, promoting low coupling and maintainability.

Question 6: Why is it important to consider non-functional requirements (NFRs) in software

architecture?

a) They define the software's appearance

b) They focus on the software's functionality

c) They address performance, security, and reliability aspects

d) They are irrelevant to the architecture

Answer: c) They address performance, security, and reliability aspects

*Explanation: NFRs are crucial as they cover aspects like performance, security, and reliability, which are
essential for the system's overall quality.
Question 7: What is the role of continuous integration and continuous delivery (CI/CD) in software
architecture?

a) To reduce the code quality

b) To facilitate frequent integration and testability

c) To increase manual testing efforts

d) To avoid the use of automated pipelines

Answer: b) To facilitate frequent integration and testability

*Explanation: CI/CD practices support frequent integration, automated testing, and continuous delivery,
enhancing the development and deployment processes.

Question 8: What does the acronym CQRS stand for in software architecture?

a) Command Query Resource Segregation

b) Command Query Responsibility Segregation

c) Common Query Resource System

d) Combined Query Response System

Answer: b) Command Query Responsibility Segregation

*Explanation: CQRS stands for Command Query Responsibility Segregation, a pattern that separates data
manipulation from data reading.

Question 9: Which of the following responsibilities is NOT typically associated with a software
architect?

a) Requirement Analysis

b) Graphic Design

c) Technology Selection

d) System Integration

Answer: b) Graphic Design

*Explanation: Graphic design is not a typical responsibility of a software architect; their focus is on
system structure and technology selection.
Question 10: What is the main purpose of maintaining up-to-date documentation in software
architecture?

a) To increase development time

b) To facilitate effective communication among stakeholders

c) To reduce the need for testing

d) To eliminate the need for training

Answer: b) To facilitate effective communication among stakeholders

*Explanation: Up-to-date documentation helps ensure clear and effective communication among all
stakeholders involved in the project.

Question 11: What is one of the key responsibilities of a Solution Architect in the context of Agile
Release Trains (ARTs)?

A) Developing user interfaces

B) Evolving the high-level architecture

C) Writing detailed system specifications

D) Conducting user training sessions

Answer: B) Evolving the high-level architecture

Question 12: Which skill is essential for a Solution Architect to collaborate effectively with Product
Owners?

A) Writing complex SQL queries

B) Understanding and translating requirements into system specifications

C) Designing graphics for the user interface

D) Managing network security protocols

Answer: B) Understanding and translating requirements into system specifications

Question 13: What is a critical aspect of designing web application architecture?

A) Ensuring that the system can handle expected and future loads

B) Creating marketing strategies for the application

C) Developing mobile applications

D) Writing end-user documentation

Answer: A) Ensuring that the system can handle expected and future loads.

Question 14: What are some of the key perspectives on how Gen AI will help in developing better
solution/enterprise architecture?

A) Automation of Repetitive Tasks and Enhanced Decision-Making

B) Developing marketing plans and conducting surveys

C) Writing user manuals and creating training videos

D) Conducting financial audits and managing payroll

Answer: A) Automation of Repetitive Tasks and Enhanced Decision-Making

Question 15: What is one of the primary roles of the System Team and Shared Services in the context
of solution development?

A) Creating the business plan for the project

B) Supporting solution integration and testing

C) Designing the company logo

D) Conducting customer satisfaction surveys

Answer: B) Supporting solution integration and testing

Question 16: Why is scalability important in web application architecture?

A) To ensure the application can handle increasing user demands

B) To reduce the cost of software licenses

C) To simplify the development process

D) To minimize the need for technical support

Answer: A) To ensure the application can handle increasing user demands

Question 17: Which of the following is a new term related to Generative AI (Gen AI)?

A) BigGAN

B) SQL Server

C) HTML

D) CSS

Answer: A) BigGAN

Question 18: In the context of solution architecture, what does 'Establishing Solution Intent and
Context' involve?

A) Defining and maintaining a clear understanding of the solution’s purpose, goals, and constraints

B) Creating marketing materials for the solution

C) Developing the user interface for the solution

D) Writing end-user training manuals

Answer: A) Defining and maintaining a clear understanding of the solution’s purpose, goals, and
constraints

Question 19: What is an essential responsibility of software architecture related to security?

A) Designing user-friendly interfaces

B) Implementing authentication, authorization, and data encryption

C) Conducting market analysis

D) Managing financial transactions

Answer: B) Implementing authentication, authorization, and data encryption

Question 20: What is a critical factor in ensuring the quality of a software system according to
software architecture best practices?

A) Implementing automated testing and continuous integration/continuous deployment (CI/CD)

pipelines

B) Designing marketing campaigns

C) Conducting regular financial audits

D) Writing comprehensive user guides

Answer: A) Implementing automated testing and continuous integration/continuous deployment (CI/CD)

pipelines
Question 21: What are the responsibilities of software architecture?

A. Requirement Analysis

B. System Design

C. Technology Selection

D. All of the above

Answer: D. All of the above

Question 22: Which of the following is a key stakeholder that Solution Architecture needs to engage
with?

A. Enterprise Architect

B. System Users

C. Marketing Team

D. Financial Advisors

Answer: A. Enterprise Architect

Question 23: What is one of the responsibilities of a Solution Architect?

A. Developing marketing strategies.

B. Establishing Solution Intent and Context

C. Conducting financial audits

D. Managing customer relationships

Answer: B. Establishing Solution Intent and Context

Question 24: Which architecture style focuses on separating the elements manipulating data from
those reading data?

A. Microservices

B. Event-Driven Architecture

C. CQRS (Command Query Responsibility Segregation)

D. Monolithic Architecture

Answer: C. CQRS (Command Query Responsibility Segregation)

Question 25: What is the primary concern of security in software architecture?

A. Performance optimization

B. Data encryption

C. Scalability

D. User experience

Answer: B. Data encryption

Question 26: What is a key perspective on architecting for the cloud?

A. Scalability and Flexibility

B. Complexity and Rigidness

C. Cost Inefficiency

D. Limited Access

Answer: A. Scalability and Flexibility

Question 27: Which design principle is essential for ensuring a system can handle increasing loads and
improve performance?

A. Single Responsibility Principle

B. Scalability and Performance

C. Open/Closed Principle

D. Dependency Injection

Answer: B. Scalability and Performance

Question 28: Which practice involves using services and architectures that support auto-scaling in
cloud architecture?

A. Security Implementation

B. Cost Efficiency

C. Performance Optimization

D. Scalability and Flexibility

Answer: D. Scalability and Flexibility

Question 29: Which of the following terms is associated with Generative AI?

A. Agents

B. Database Normalization

C. MVC Pattern

D. Continuous Integration

Answer: A. Agents

Question 30: What does the Acyclic Dependencies Principle ensure in a software system?

A. High coupling between components

B. No cycles in the dependence graph

C. Enhanced user interface design

D. Integration with third-party services

Answer: B. No cycles in the dependence graph

Question 31: Which of the following is NOT a perspective on web application architecture?

A. Scalability and Reliability

B. Foundational Blueprint

C. Security

D. Manual Testing

Answer: D. Manual Testing

Question 32: What is the focus of Continuous Delivery Pipeline (CDP) in software architecture?

A. Manual deployment processes

B. Ensuring scalability and flexibility

C. Automating development and deployment processes

D. Enhancing user interface design

Answer: C. Automating development and deployment processes

Question 33: Which team is responsible for providing optimal development infrastructure in solution
architecture?

A. Marketing Team

B. Agile Release Trains (ARTs)

C. Financial Advisors

D. Special Teams

Answer: D. Special Teams

Question 34: What is the role of the Solution Train Engineer (STE) in solution architecture?

A. Conducting financial audits

B. Facilitating the solution development process

C. Developing marketing strategies

D. Managing customer relationships

Answer: B. Facilitating the solution development process

Question 35: What does the Context View in architecture documentation illustrate?

A. Detailed system processes

B. Complete system as one black box within its environment

C. Marketing strategies

D. Financial audits

Answer: B. Complete system as one black box within its environment

Question 36: Which metric measures the number of independent paths through a program's source
code?

A. Data Normalization

B. Cyclomatic Complexity

C. Load Balancing

D. API Integration

Answer: B. Cyclomatic Complexity

Question 37: What is the key benefit of adopting Generative AI (Gen AI) in enterprise architecture?

A. Increased manual coding

B. Reduced automation

C. Enhanced decision-making

D. Limited collaboration

Answer: C. Enhanced decision-making

Question 38: What does the term "Back Propagation" refer to in Gen AI?

A. Generating boilerplate code

B. Algorithm enabling neural networks to learn and adjust

C. Developing marketing strategies

D. Facilitating customer interactions

Answer: B. Algorithm enabling neural networks to learn and adjust

Question 39: Which of the following is a design pattern commonly used in software architecture?

A. MVC (Model-View-Controller)

B. Data Encryption

C. Load Balancing

D. API Integration

Answer: A. MVC (Model-View-Controller)

Question 40: What is the role of the System Team and Shared Services in solution architecture?

A. Developing marketing strategies

B. Supporting solution development work

C. Conducting financial audits

D. Managing customer relationships

Answer: B. Supporting solution development work

Question 41: What is the primary purpose of web application architecture?

a) To define the visual layout of a web application

b) To facilitate simultaneous interactions between components, databases, middleware systems, user

interfaces, and servers

c) To increase the download speed of web applications

d) To ensure compliance with legal standards

Answer: b) To facilitate simultaneous interactions between components, databases, middleware

systems, user interfaces, and servers

Question 42: Which layer of web application architecture is responsible for the business logic?

a) Presentation layer

b) Business logic layer

c) Persistence layer

d) Database layer

Answer: b) Business logic layer

Question 43: What is the role of the presentation layer in web application architecture?

a) To handle business logic

b) To manage data persistence

c) To enable user interaction and communication with the browser

d) To store persistent data

Answer: c) To enable user interaction and communication with the browser

Question 44: Which type of web application architecture loads a single web page and updates the
content dynamically without refreshing the entire page?

a) Multi-page Application (MPA)

b) Single Page Application (SPA)

c) Microservice Architecture

d) Serverless Architecture

Answer: b) Single Page Application (SPA)

Question 45: In microservice architecture, what is the main advantage of loosely coupled services?

a) Reduced performance

b) Easier maintenance and deployment

c) Increased complexity

d) Single point of failure

Answer: b) Easier maintenance and deployment

Question 46: What is the main function of a Content Delivery Network (CDN)?

a) To store the entire web application

b) To distribute content to servers located in different geographical areas for faster delivery

c) To manage user authentication

d) To handle business logic processing

Answer: b) To distribute content to servers located in different geographical areas for faster delivery

Question 47: Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Progressive Web Applications (PWAs)?

a) Can run offline

b) Require installation from an app store

c) Work across different browsers and devices

d) Provide a native app-like experience

Answer: b) Require installation from an app store

Question 48: In a traditional web application architecture, which component is responsible for storing
persistent data?

a) Client-side

b) Server-side

c) Database server

d) Middleware

Answer: c) Database server

Question 49: What is the purpose of a load balancer in web application architecture?

a) To increase the security of the application

b) To distribute incoming network traffic across multiple servers

c) To store and manage user sessions

d) To handle static content delivery

Answer: b) To distribute incoming network traffic across multiple servers

Question 50: Which architecture pattern involves the use of cloud service providers to handle code
execution without manual server deployment?

a) Monolithic architecture

b) Microservice architecture

c) Serverless architecture

d) Single Page Application (SPA)

Answer: c) Serverless architecture

Question 51: What does the persistence layer in web application architecture do?

a) Defines business logic

b) Enables communication between the interface and browser

c) Ensures data persistence and retrieves data from servers

d) Manages user sessions

Answer: c) Ensures data persistence and retrieves data from servers

Question 52: Which of the following is a benefit of using a caching system in web applications?

a) Increases the cost of hosting

b) Reduces server load and improves data access speed

c) Decreases application security

d) Requires more complex code management

Answer: b) Reduces server load and improves data access speed

Questions 53: Which of the following is not a best practice for web application architecture?

- A) Flexibility and Efficiency

- B) Component Reusability

- C) Scalability and Reliability

- D) Inflexibility to change

Answer: D) Inflexibility to change

Questions 52. What tool is commonly used for UX building in web application architecture?

- A) Webstorm

- B) NetBeans

- C) Invision

- D) GitHub's Atom

Answer: C) Invision

Questions 53. Which of the following is an emerging trend in web application architecture?

- A) IDE Tools

- B) UX Builder Tools

- C) Load Balancers

- D) Component Reusability

Answer: C) Load Balancers

Questions 54. Which layer of modern web application architecture facilitates user interaction?

- A) Business Logic Layer

- B) Presentation Layer

- C) Persistence Layer

- D) Database Layer

Answer: B) Presentation Layer

Questions 55. Which of the following technologies is used for frontend development in web
application architecture?

- A) Python

- B) Java

- C) HTML

- D) Ruby

Answer: C) HTML

Questions 56. In web application architecture, which layer is responsible for data storage and security?

- A) Presentation Layer

- B) Business Logic Layer

- C) Persistence Layer

- D) Database Layer

Answer: D) Database Layer

Questions 57. Which type of web application architecture loads a single web page and dynamically
updates content?

- A) Microservice Architecture

- B) Serverless Architecture

- C) Single Page Applications (SPA)

- D) Progressive Web Applications (PWA)

Answer: C) Single Page Applications (SPA)

Questions 58. Which service is an example of cloud storage used in web application architecture?

- A) Amazon S3

- B) Azure Scheduler

- C) Apache Kafka

- D) IBM MQ

Answer: Amazon S3
Questions 59. What is the primary function of a message queue in microservice architecture?

- A) To store static content

- B) To enable communication between different services

- C) To manage user interfaces

- D) To handle database operations

Answer: B) To enable communication between different services

Questions 60. Which of the following is a benefit of using a CDN in web application architecture?

- A) Enhancing security measures

- B) Reducing latency and improving content delivery speed

- C) Managing business logic

- D) Storing dynamic content

Answer: B) Reducing latency and improving content delivery speed

Questions 61. Which architectural style is characterized by using small, modular, and independent
building blocks?

- A) Monolithic Architecture

- B) Microservice Architecture

- C) Layered Architecture

- D) Serverless Architecture

Answer: A) Monolithic Architecture

Questions 62. Which tool is not typically used for integration in web application architecture?

- A) MultiSoft

- B) Cleo

- C) JitterBit

- D) Figma

Answer: D) Figma
Questions 63. Which of the following best describes the Persistence Layer in web application
architecture?

- A) Facilitates user interaction

- B) Processes requests and executes business logic

- C) Manages data persistence

- D) Ensures data security and storage

Answer: C) Manages data persistence

Questions 64. Which queue type processes messages in the order they are sent in Amazon SQS?

- A) Standard Queue

- B) FIFO Queue

- C) Priority Queue

- D) Random Queue

Answer: B) FIFO Queue

Questions 65. Which IDE tool is mentioned as useful for web application architecture?

- A) Sketch

- B) Atom

- C) Invision

- D) Vue

Answer: B) Atom

Questions 66. Which framework is commonly used for backend development in web application
architecture?

- A) React

- B) Angular

- C) Python

- D) Vue

Answer: C) Python
Questions 67. Which of the following is not a key perspective on architecting for the cloud?

- A) Scalability and Flexibility

- B) Cost Efficiency

- C) Resilience and High Availability

- D) Inflexibility to change

Answer: D) Inflexibility to change

Questions 68. What is the primary focus of serverless architecture?

- A) Handling various loads efficiently

- B) Using third-party cloud services for code execution

- C) Enhancing user experience

- D) Storing and retrieving data

Answer: B) Using third-party cloud services for code execution

Questions 69. Which layer in web application architecture processes requests and executes business
logic?

- A) Presentation Layer

- B) Business Logic Layer

- C) Persistence Layer

- D) Database Layer

Answer: B) Business Logic Layer

Questions 70. Which best practice involves designing components that can be reused across different
parts of the application?

- A) Flexibility and Efficiency

- B) Component Reusability

- C) Scalability and Reliability

- D) Security

Answer: B) Component Reusability

Questions 71. What is a benefit of microservice architecture?

- A) Enhances user interaction

- B) Simplifies decoupling processes

- C) Manages static content

- D) Handles database operations

Answer: B) Simplifies decoupling processes

Questions 72. Which architectural trend focuses on providing rich native functionalities and working
offline?

- A) Single Page Applications (SPA)

- B) Microservice Architecture

- C) Serverless Architecture

- D) Progressive Web Applications (PWA)

Answer: D) Progressive Web Applications (PWA)

Questions 73. What role does the Database Layer play in web application architecture?

- A) Facilitates user interaction

- B) Processes business logic

- C) Manages data persistence

- D) Ensures data security and storage

Answer: D) Ensures data security and storage

Questions 74. Which tool is specifically used for version control in web application architecture?

- A) Webstorm

- B) GitHub’s Atom

- C) NetBeans

- D) JitterBit

Answer: B) GitHub’s Atom

Questions 75. What does the Business Logic Layer communicate with in a modern web application
architecture?

- A) Presentation Layer

- B) Database Layer

- C) Persistence Layer

- D) Integration Layer

Answer: B) Database Layer

Questions 76. Which component is responsible for user interaction in web application architecture?

- A) Server-Side

- B) Client-Side

- C) Database Server

- D) Middleware

Answer: B) Client-Side

Questions 77. Which type of queue in Amazon SQS does not focus on ordering messages?

- A) FIFO Queue

- B) Standard Queue

- C) Priority Queue

- D) Random Queue

Answer: B) Standard Queue

Questions 78. What is the primary benefit of using load balancers in web application architecture?

- A) Enhancing security measures

- B) Distributing traffic efficiently across servers

- C) Managing user interfaces

- D) Storing dynamic content

Answer: B) Distributing traffic efficiently across servers

Questions 79. Which tool is mentioned as an IDE for web application development?

- A) Webstorm

- B) Figma

- C) Sketch

- D) JitterBit

Answer: A) Webstorm

Questions 80. What is the main purpose of cloud storage in web application architecture?

- A) To manage user interfaces

- B) To reduce latency

- C) To store and retrieve data

- D) To process business logic

Answer: C) To store and retrieve data

Questions 81. Which architectural style relies on third-party cloud services for code execution?

- A) Microservice Architecture

- B) Serverless Architecture

- C) Layered Architecture

- D) Monolithic Architecture

Answer: B) Serverless Architecture

Questions 82. Which tool is used for UX building in web application architecture?

- A) NetBeans

- B) Cleo

- C) Figma

- D) Webstorm

Answer: C) Figma
Questions 83. Which of the following is a key perspective on architecting for the cloud?

- A) Inflexibility to change

- B) Cost Efficiency

- C) Managing static content

- D) Component Reusability

Answer: B) Cost Efficiency

Questions 84. What is a key benefit of using message queues in microservice architecture?

- A) Enhancing security measures

- B) Simplifying decoupling processes

- C) Managing user interfaces

- D) Storing dynamic content

Answer: B) Simplifying decoupling processes

Questions 85. Which framework is commonly used for frontend development in web application
architecture?

- A) Express

- B) Django

- C) Angular

- D) Python

Answer: C) Angular

Questions 86. Which architectural trend is shaping the future of web development?

- A) Monolithic Architecture

- B) Layered Architecture

- C) Serverless Architecture

- D) Microservice Architecture

Answer: C) Serverless Architecture

Questions 87. Which layer in modern web application architecture manages data persistence?

- A) Presentation Layer

- B) Business Logic Layer

- C) Persistence Layer

- D) Database Layer

Answer: C) Persistence Layer

Questions 88. Which of the following is not an IDE tool mentioned for web application architecture?

- A) Webstorm

- B) GitHub’s Atom

- C) NetBeans

- D) JitterBit

Answer: D) JitterBit

Questions 89. What is the role of a Content Delivery Network (CDN) in web application architecture?

- A) Enhancing security measures

- B) Improving content delivery speed

- C) Managing user interfaces

- D) Processing business logic

Answer: B) Improving content delivery speed

Questions 90. Which tool is mentioned for integration in web application architecture?

- A) Atom

- B) Invision

- C) JitterBit

- D) Webstorm

Answer: C) JitterBit