Office Forms
UNIT 10 OFFICE FORMS

Structure

10.0 Objectives
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Meaning and Significance of Office Forms
10.3 Designing of Office Forms
10.4 Forms used in an Office
10.5 Internal Office Forms
10.5.1 Accounting Forms
10.5.2 Application Forms
10.5.3 Memorandum Forms

10.6 External Contract Forms

10.6.1 For Creditor and Customer
10.6.2 Order Forms

10.7 Different Types of Fields

10.7.1 Contact Field
10.7.2 Custom Field
10.7.3 Field Group
10.7.4 Progress Profile

10.8 Advantages and Disadvantages of using Forms

10.9 Form Control
10.10 Let Us Sum Up
10.11 Keywords
10.12 Answers to Check Your Progress
10.13 Terminal Questions

10.0 OBJECTIVES
After studying this unit, you should be able to:

Ɣ know about the meaning of office forms along with its significance;
Ɣ design an office form;
Ɣ distinguish between the different types of internal and external forms
usually used in an office;
Ɣ understand common types of fields used in a form;
Ɣ identify advantages and disadvantages of using forms; and
Ɣ exercise form control.

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Mailing Procedures
and Forms Used in 10.1 INTRODUCTION
Office
We use forms in case we have to open a bank account, apply for admission in
college, submit an application for a job opening, book railway reservation
tickets, submit house tax application etc. Filling forms has become a
fundamental way to obtain information which is crucial for completion of a
task. In every office, forms are used widely to receive and record the desired
information. Forms which are properly designed and filled are helpful not
only to those who fill the information but also to the one who examines the
information. In other words, a perfectly designed form should facilitate users
to fill up quickly the required information with no confusion in mind. In an
office, every department usually designs forms which are unique according to
its functional areas so as to obtain essential but restricted information.

Due to Covid 19 Pandemic, as we all know, digital transformation is one of

the major technological trends, which the organizations have observed.
Accordingly, various office systems and work flows have changed so as to
reduce corona virus transmission risk. As there is evidence that the virus can
live on paper surfaces for a considerable period of time, use of paper-based
forms have become minimal in office work. With the support of IT systems
and processes, the companies are collecting and processing information.
Further, as Paperless Office always enjoys benefits viz. efficiency, higher
productivity, less errors, economy and so on, E-forms have gained wide
acceptance to transmit and receive information.

10.2 MEANING AND SIGNIFICANCE OF OFFICE

FORMS
A form is defined as an arranged format which contains standardized and
structured document having blank spaces for entering information. Forms
are needed in order to receive the required information which is to be used
to take desired action. Forms have proved to be very useful to reduce
administrative overheads and are considered to be a tool for the office
administrators. Information may be received and used in two types of forms
– Paper Forms and E Forms.

Paper forms (also known as Physical Forms) are forms which are printed on
paper and are filled manually. For example, to perform banking transactions
personally when one visits bank, one has to fill-up required bank forms
manually. However, in the era of paperless office, computer generated form
also called e-form (electronic form) or web form are widely filled to transmit
and receive information in an organization. Format of e-forms resemble
paper forms and have a series of fields which web users need to fill online
with the help of check boxes, radio buttons, text fields etc.It is evident that a
considerable paper work is reduced and speed of operations increased with
the use of e-forms. Due to these reasons, filling of on-line form is always
144 preferred over a paper form.


Office Forms
Activity

As web users, if we wish to make an enquiry for a product or service from a

commercial organization, the usual practice exercised is either of the two
ways:

a) Fill the Enquiry Form online by using the appropriate links provided by
the organization’s website.
b) Download the relevant enquiry form, fill the same, take a print, scan and
mail to the email address given at the organizational website.

Figure 10.1: Example of an e Form

Significance of Office Forms

Office forms play an indispensable role in management of various

administrative tasks professionally and proficiently. Usually, every business
organization designs its own office forms according to its specific needs
and provides individual recognition to the forms. These customized forms
contain organizational logo so as to give unique feel of the company.

Office forms are the basic tool in the hands of administration as they-

Ɣ help the user to communicate only limited information

Ɣ provide space for writing restricted information.
Ɣ ease office operations.
Ɣ facilitate generation of multiple copies.
Ɣ increase the efficiency and effectiveness of office systems and
procedures as carefully designed forms help in speeding up office
operations.

E forms enjoy the following advantages:

1. Economy: As there is no cost involved in printing, a lot of money is saved. 145

 
Mailing Procedures 2. Easy Editing: If at any point of time, the format of the forms is to be
and Forms Used in
Office changed according to the information sought, designing of forms is easy.

3. No Risk of Obsolete Stock: If there is change of format, the already

printed stock of paper forms becomes waste. With E forms, there are no
chances of stock of forms becoming obsolete.

4. Facilitates Convenience to Users: Due to facility of editing of

information while filling up the form, E forms are easy to fill.

5. No Space Involved in Storage: As forms are stored electronically, no

space is used in storing and also, they can be accessed conveniently.

6. Confidentiality of Information: E forms maintain confidentiality of

information in a better way as they can be protected with password.

7. E forms can be e-mailed and, if needed, these forms also help to retrieve
search results from a search engine.

8. The information on e-forms is generally transferred to a computer data

base, which may be processed and analyzed from a statistical point of
view, as and when required.

9. Facility of printing or downloading of the form, if required.

10.3 DESIGNING OF OFFICE FORMS

Designing of office forms is considered to be both science as well as an art. It
is important that before introduction of any new form in a department,
approval of the competent authority is obtained. After obtaining the required
approval, the process of designing new form in undertaken by the Office
Manager. It is always helpful to do thorough study of required particulars
which need to be included in the form before finally approving the contents
and layout of a new form. The following needs to be emphasized while
designing of office forms:

Ɣ Ascertaining the objective behind introduction of a new form. In other

words, clarifying the specific purpose of the information to be collected.
Ɣ Mentioning of a self-explanatory form title.
Ɣ Including name and address of the department which is generating the
form.
Ɣ Identifying the contents to be included in the form. Based on the
contents only, the information will be filled.
Ɣ Sequencing the information logically from the user’s point of view
(name followed by contact details and not vice versa)
Ɣ Collecting the information that best meets user’s needs.
Ɣ Providing ample space for filling up of required information.
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Office Forms
Ɣ Adequate instructions, if required, for filling up the form.
Ɣ Simplicity and innovation in designing of forms.
Ɣ Appropriate size and overall layout of the form.
Ɣ Cost incurred and benefit to be accrued from the introduction of any new
form.
In case of paper forms, the following additional points need attention while
designing:
Ɣ Good quality of stationery to facilitate physical handling.
Ɣ Adequate consideration on printing style and color of paper, so that
forms look good in appearance particularly when it is to be used by
customers.
Ɣ Retention time period of forms.
Ɣ Multiple copies required of the form.

Any carelessness while designing of forms results in heavy financial burden

on the organization. It is the duty of the Office Manager to design office
forms judiciously to serve the designated purpose so as to make the office
operations easy and cost-effective. A well-designed form has visual appeal
that not only improves goodwill of the organization but also encourages users
to fill the form (particularly important for product inquiries).
In offices, before disposing-off any tool or equipment, it is customary to fill
the details of the item in a form and obtain required approval from competent
authority. A sample of this type of form is given below:

Inventory Department
Stock Items For Condemnation In The Month Of May, 2022
S. Name of Store Name Date of Quantity Unit Total Reasons for Remarks,
No. tool/ Ledger of Purchase in hand Price Amount condemnation if any
equipment Folio Supplier (Rs.)
with No.
specification

Note: This is to certify by the Technical Committee that the all the above tools/equipment
mentioned have been thoroughly inspected and declared unserviceable and, hence,
they may be disposed off.

Signature of Technical Committee

Thus, the basic purpose of introducing any form should be carefully analyzed
and thorough examining of all the required information in the form is carried
out.
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Mailing Procedures Fixed information and Variable Information
and Forms Used in
Office
Layout of a form used in an office contain two parts viz fixed information
and variable information. Fixed information is that part of information which
is essentially required in a pre-determined serial order. For fixed information,
space is allocated as per the amount of information required (paper form) or
necessary options given for clicking (e form). The information required from
the applicant in a form is termed as variable information. However, it is to be
ensured that every form should facilitate the applicant to understand and fill
the required information against the appropriate columns.

After designing a form, the Office Manager must perform its usability testing.
It helps to locate any flaws still left out and do necessary corrections to
receive exhaustive and accurate information briefly in the best manner
possible.

Check Your Progress A

1. What do you understand by the term ‘Form’?

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2. Write any two points which indicate the advantages of E forms.
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3. What points should be emphasized while designing of office forms?
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4. State whether the following statements are True or False:
a) A form is defined as a format which contains standardized and
structured document having blank spaces for entering information.
b) Usually, business organizations do not design their own office
forms.
c) Designing of office forms is considered to be both science as well as
148 an art.


Office Forms
d) It is not the duty of the Office Manager to design office forms
judiciously to serve the designated purpose so as to make the office
operations easy and cost-effective.
e) A well-designed form has visual appeal that not only improves
goodwill of the organization but also encourages users to fill the
form.

10.4 FORMS USED IN AN OFFICE

There are different types of forms which may be necessary in an office to
receive information in a ready-made format. Depending on the definite
purpose, office forms may be of the following types -
a) Forms on the basis of Functionality: Feedback Form, Enquiry Form,
Education Loan Form, Purchase Order Form, Accounting Forms etc.
b) Forms used in Business Transactions: Sale Invoice, vouchers, bills,
delivery note etc.
c) Organizational Forms: Forms used within the organization viz. Leave
application form, Tour Advance Form, Medical Reimbursement Form,
Performance Appraisal Form, Office Supplies Requisition Slip etc.
d) E Forms: E Forms are available online and filled electronically.
e) Paper Forms: Paper forms are filled manually by writing or on
typewriters.
f) Single Copy Form: One form is resource in itself to supply the
information. E.g. application forms filled for recruitment.
g) Multiple Copy Form: The form is used when two or more copies filled-
in information is needed by different departments for necessary action.
E.g. sale invoice, delivery note etc.
h) Continuous Paper Forms: They are fan-folded forms with perforations
meant for automatic feeding and removing. When invoices, cash receipts
etc. are to be generated repeatedly, continuous paper forms are used.

10.5 INTERNAL OFFICE FORMS

Internal office forms, also called organizational forms, are designed
specifically to meet the needs of day-to-day working within the organization.
These forms are used so as to facilitate the management and staff to
communicate and provide information speedily. As also stated above, leave
application form, provident fund advance form, festival advance form,
performance appraisal form, income tax calculation form etc. are internal
office forms.

149

 
Mailing Procedures There are different types of forms required specific to each department due to
and Forms Used in
Office varied departmental activities in an organization, which include purchase,
production, finance, personnel, research & development, marketing, etc.
Further, some forms are simple and of routine nature and do not require any
sensitive information to be filled in. However, when there are security issues
with some of the information in the forms, great care is exercised while
handling with these forms.

Now-a-days, many companies facilitate its employees with the access of e-

forms at company’s portal, which can be used with the login-id provided to
them. Internal office forms, if required, can also be downloaded from the
organizational website. It may be noted that all Internal office forms have
personalized and professional design with organization’s name and logo,
standard format, exhaustive important fields which need to be filled for
providing information, enough blank space to fill up information, correct
sequencing and layout and facility of printing or downloading of the form, if
required.

In this section, we will learn about widely used internal office forms viz.
Accounting Forms, Application Forms and Memorandum Forms.

10.5.1 Accounting Forms

Various types of Accounting Forms usually used in an organization are:

Ɣ Daily/Weekly/Monthly Work Sheet Form

Ɣ Pay Slips

Ɣ Tour Advance/Tour Claim Form

Ɣ Request for Advance/withdrawal from Provident Fund

Ɣ Income Tax Form

Ɣ House Building Advance Form

Ɣ Medical Reimbursement Form

Ɣ Leave Travel Concession Forms

Ɣ Advances for Purchase of Motor car/ Motor cycle/Personal Computer

Form

Ɣ Reimbursement of Conveyance Charges

Ɣ Financial Ratios and Analysis Forms

Ɣ Depreciation and Amortization Forms, etc.

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Office Forms
Common Form Templates

1. Calculation Form

This is calculation form template which is used in an organization when we

have to perform a lot of mathematical calculations. Here, respondent gets an
opportunity to see totals of previous number entries which facilitates when
placing an order with multiple products, tracking expenses, invoice details
and estimating costs.

2. Audit Form

This form template is used when we have to conduct financial audits to

manage and record audit results. With this audit reports can be submitted
online.

The above forms can be customized i.e., we can add a file, upload field,
include our organization’s logo etc.

10.5.2 Application Forms

Application forms are critically important to all companies, schools, colleges,
NGOs etc. and are generally used in Human Resource Department in an
organization. Various types of Application Forms which are usually used
include:

Ɣ Leave Application Form

Ɣ Job Resignation Form

Ɣ Performance Appraisal Form

Ɣ Job Description Form

Ɣ Stationery Requisition Form

Ɣ Application to seek Permission to Visit Abroad

Ɣ Registration Form to attend Seminars, Conferences etc.

Ɣ Nomination of Provident Funds/Pension

Ɣ Employees’ database forms (to record personal information usually in a

form template viz. personal and job-related information)

Ɣ Background Check Application forms etc.

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Mailing Procedures
and Forms Used in PERFORMA FOR LEAVE APPLICATION
Office
1) Employee Name:
2) Designation:
3) Department /Branch:
4) Type of Leave applied for (Whether Earned Leave/Medical Leave, Half
Pay Leave Maternity leave):
5) Period of Leave:
6) Date since leave is requested:
7) Whether station leave required:
8) Address during leave:
9) Details of last leave:
10) Reasons for leave:

Signature of Employee along with Date in case of paper form

Recommendations of Branch In-charge/ Head of office__________________

Signature of Competent Authority in case of paper form

10.5.3 Memorandum Forms

These are feedback forms which good organizations use to take feedback
from their employees, customers and public to create/maintain corporate
image, increase efficiency and effectiveness, have better working atmosphere
etc. Feedback templates are customized forms to capture all relevant
information.

10.6 EXTERNAL CONTRACT FORMS

External Contract Forms, also called business forms, are usually based on
organizational basic functionality. These are needed for survival and growth
of business.
In a commercial organization, the external contract forms may be purchase
orders, partnership agreements, loan agreements, invoices, cash receipts etc.
For an educational institution, forms are required to be filled for admission,
submission of fee, examination, scholarship, refund of security etc. In an
organization, these forms are available for all types of office functions and
communications.
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Office Forms
Different types of External Contract Forms usually used in a commercial
establishment are discussed below :

10.6.1 For Creditors and Customers

In business transactions, usually some product or services are sold on credit
and money owed by one or more debtors. Now-a-days, specially designed
business software is used which are incredibly simple to follow up pending
payments. The form templates include customer information, order and
invoice details, product specification, due date of pending payment, advance
payment made by the customer, if any, and other important details. In other
words, the templates help to keep a track of money due over from our debtors
by sending reminders. These forms can also be customized to fit specialized
business needs.

10.6.2 Order Forms

Order Forms also called Service Forms are efficient way to place and receive
orders in business world. It is easy to use online request forms for making
inquiries and placing an order on supplier’s specially created order forms.
Whether you wish to buy LCD or order a Pizza online, order can be placed in
no time on web. All business forms have very high security standards.

It should be remembered that records of all business forms should be

maintained securely if an organization wishes to survive and grow its
operations. This becomes essentially important in case a dispute develops
between the supplier and buyer at a later date.

Figure 10.2: Example of an Order Form

10.7 DIFFERENT TYPES OF FIELDS

An E-form has a structured and standardized set of related user input fields.
Input fields allow users to fill data in a form. For user inputs, there are various
types of input fields which are given as under- 153

 
Mailing Procedures x Text field
and Forms Used in
Office x Password field
x Check box
x Drop-down field
x Date pickers
x Radio buttons (to help user select one of a limited number of choices)
etc.

When we collect ‘Personal Information’ from the employees, we may use the
above fields.

Personal Information

Name :
Father’s Name :
Date of Birth :
Address :
Phone :
E mail :
While E-form designing, it is essential to select those type of fields which
have the following features:
Ɣ It should have Minimum number of clicks required to complete the form.
Ɣ It should help the user to understand the next step once the previous one
is completed.
Ɣ There should be a smaller number of optional fields.
Ɣ It should clearly give distinction between essential and optional fields. It
is a practice to use asterisk (*) in red colour to indicate essential fields.
It is always better to split a long form into two or more steps to facilitate the
user while filling the same. In this section, we will discuss Contact Field,
Custom Field, Field Group and Progress Profile.
10.7.1 Contact Field
Contact fields are the most commonly used fields in E-forms, which give
information about the contact details of the appicant such as name and
address viz. street, city, country. Various fields are merged in contact fields
to pre-populate with the information from a contact’s record. Pre-populate
means an answer is pre-selected or has a pre-defined text or numerical value,
when user uses a form.

10.7.2 Custom Field

Custom field helps a user to have new extra fields to fill in, if required. When
creating a new field, the security settings just make the field visible to web
form users. Thus, we can add a group or two or three fields side by side to fill
the information that is important.
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Office Forms
10.7.3 Field Group
Many a times, in forms, we need to fill a standard set of fields such as First
Name, Last Name, Email Address and Pin Code. For this purpose, in web
forms, we create pre-configured groups which allow the user to add the fields
at once so that we do not have to recreate the groupings each time we design
a form. An example of a Field Groups-

x Basic Contact Information: First Name, Last Name, Mobile number and
Email Address
x Address Field Group: Address 1, Address 2, City, State or Province, Zip
or Postal Code, and Country

10.7.4 Progress Profile

Progress Profile helps the user by guiding through a number of steps required
to complete a form. It is done with the help of Progress Trackers (also
called Progress Indicators) which display progress through a sequence by
breaking it up into multiple logical and numbered steps. Thus, the user knows
the sequence which is to be completed of a specified task while filling the
form besides the current step being used i.e., the current location within the
process of filling the form.

Figure 10.3: Progress Tracker

We often come across above Progress Trackers while filling e-forms. 155

 
Mailing Procedures Check Your Progress B
and Forms Used in
Office
1. What do you understand by the Organizational Forms?
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2. Give examples of any four types of Application Forms.
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3. Write the various types of input fields.
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4. What do you understand by Progress Trackers?
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10.8 ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF

USING FORMS
As stated, a form helps the user to fill the data without much difficulty thus
reducing a lot of clerical work as only the required information is submitted
and collected briefly. A paper form is a document which has spaces to write
while in an e form, we have to usually select a field to submit similar
contents.

Advantages of Office Forms

1. Only the required, necessary and relevant information sought is

submitted and received by the sender and receiver respectively.
2. Collection of information is quite convenient as the user submits the
information according to the known format. There is no need to write
down the matter as only brief and meaningful information is supplied.
Thus, there is quick supply of information.
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Office Forms
3. Reduction in clerical work and more output as there is standardized
format to receive information.
4. Signed paper forms and as well as digitally signed E-forms, both are
legally binding in case of any dispute at a future date.
5. Forms deliver more business as they are convenient to use for making
enquiries thus providing better customer service.
6. Workflow is automated as the relevant E-forms are sent to the concerned
employees in the organization directly for further processing. For
example, leave applications are directly sent to HR, purchase inquiries to
Sales Department., income tax forms to Accounts Department. etc.
7. E forms help in integrating the data with other business databases in the
organization thus sharing, storage and retrieval of information is easy.
8. As E-forms have the facility of auto-population fields based on data
earlier entered, there are less chances of errors and more accuracy in data
entry.
9. E forms usage is a green way of information processing.
Disadvantages of Office Forms
1. The designing of paper forms along with its business office software,
both requires great time and money.
2. A badly designed form leads to confusion in the mind of user.
3. Sometimes, the space left blank for filling information is not enough
leading to receiving of insufficient information.

10.9 FORM CONTROL

As it is important to have an ideal quantity of forms at all times to facilitate
smooth conduct of office operations, Form Control (Inventory Control) is
important and is exercised on paper forms. It is necessary to hold control on
optimal procurement, proper care and disposing off of all types of paper
forms on regular basis. Under stocking and over stocking of forms leads to
incurring unnecessary inventory costs. So, Office Manager judiciously needs
to decide the optimum level of availability of each type of form all the time.
An effective form control system is important due to following reasons:

a) Administrative operations and workflow system carry on smoothly and

uninterrupted due to regular supply of forms.
b) It reduces unnecessary carrying costs of forms.
c) Weeding out of obsolete forms is easy.
d) A well designed and regular availability of required stock helps in
enhancement of goodwill of an organization.

157

 
Mailing Procedures A careful study of Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) is to be exercised for a
and Forms Used in
Office good system of form control. EOQ is an ideal order quantity of forms which
an office should store at a time so as to reduce the cost of inventory at a
given time. Further, as said, review of available stock levels of forms at
regular intervals are important to dispose-off stock which is obsolete and
undertake up-gradation, if required.

Check Your Progress C

1. Mention any two advantages of Office Forms.

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2. What is Form Control?
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3. What do you understand by EOQ?
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10.10 LET US SUM UP

In offices, forms are widely used for communicating recording and
information. They are the basic tool of all office operations. A form is
defined as ‘a format which contains structured and standardized document
having blank spaces for entering information’. Office forms are a basic tool
in the hands of administration as they inform the user to communicate only
restricted information, specify space for writing particular information, help
to generate multiple copies, facilitate to secure repetitive information and
simplify office operations. Once the competent authority approves proposal
to introduce a new form, its layout is prepared by the Office Manager.

The process of designing forms involves first clarifying the specific needs of
the information to be collected, identifying the information required,
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Office Forms
sequencing the information logically from the user’s point of view (name
followed by contact details and not vice versa) and designing the information
that best meets your needs. Office forms may be for either internal use by the
staff within the organization or for external use by customers/clients or other
outside parties. Internal forms may be Accounting Forms, Application Forms
or Memorandum Forms. Different External Contract Forms include forms
for creditor and customer, order form and purchase order.
A e-form, also called web form has a structured and standardized set of related
user input fields. Input fields allow users to fill in a form. For user inputs,
there are various types of input fields like Text field, Password field, Check
box, Drop-down field, Date pickers and Radio buttons. Contact fields are the
most commonly used fields in forms and give information about the contact
such as their name and address viz. street, city, country.
Many a times, in forms, we need to fill a standard set of fields such as First
Name, Last Name, Email Address and Pin Code. For this purpose, in web
forms, we create pre-configured groups which allow the user to add the fields
at once so that we do not have to recreate the groupings each time we design
a form. Progress trackers (or progress indicators) display progress through a
sequence by breaking it up into multiple logical and numbered steps. They
guide the user through a number of steps in order to complete a specified
task. Only the required and relevant information sought is received and
submitted by receiver and sender respectively. Some of the advantages of
office forms are collection of information is quite convenient as the user
submits the information according to the known format, reduction in clerical
work and more output as there is standardized format to receive information
etc. However, a badly designed form leads to confusion in the mind of user.
Form Control, also called Inventory Control, means optimal procurement,
care and disposition of paper forms, regardless of whether it takes place in a
manufacturing process or an administrative process.

10.11 KEYWORDS
Contact fields: Contact fields are the most commonly used fields in forms
and give information about the contact such as their name and address viz.
street, city, country.
Custom field: Custom field helps a user to have new extra fields to fill in, if
required.
Fixed data: It is that part of information which is essentially required in a
pre-determined serial order. For fixed information, space allocated as per the
amount of information required or necessary option given for clicking.
Form: A form is defined as ‘a format which contains structured and
standardized document having blank spaces for entering information’.
Form Control: Form Control means optimal procurement, care and
disposition of paper forms, regardless of whether it takes place in a
manufacturing process or an administrative process. 159

 
Mailing Procedures Organizational Forms: These forms are designed specifically to meet the
and Forms Used in
Office needs of day-to-day working within the organization. They facilitate the
management and staff to communicate and provide information speedily.
Progress Trackers: Progress trackers (or progress indicators) display
progress through a sequence by breaking it up into multiple logical and
numbered steps. They guide the user through a number of steps in order to
complete a specified task.
Variable Information: The information required from the applicant of the
form is termed as variable Information.

10.12 ANSWERS TO CHECK YOUR PROGRESS

Check Your Progress A

4. (a) True
(b) False
(c) True
(d) False
(e) True

10.13 TERMINAL QUESTIONS

1. Discuss the meaning and significance of Office Forms.
2. “Effective designing of office forms is both science and art.” In the light
of the statement, mention the points to be kept in mind while designing
office forms.
3. What are the common types of forms used in a business organization?
4. Differentiate between Internal and External Office Forms giving
examples of each type.
5. What is a Field Group? Explain with the help of an example.
6. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of using forms in an
organization.
7. What do you understand by an Electronic Form? Also mention its
advantages.
8. What do you understand by Form Control?
9. Why filling on-line forms is popular now-a-days?

Note: These questions will help you to understand this unit better. Try to
write answers for them. But do not submit your answers to the University for
assessment. These are for your practice only.

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