Solution

PERIODIC TEST - 1

Class 12 - Mathematics
Section A
1. P(x1, y1) is on the curve y = x2 + 7⇒y 1 = x
2
1
+ 7

Distance from p(x 1, x

1
+ 7)
2
and (3, 7)
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
2 2
D = √(x 1 − 3) + (x
2
1
+ 7 − 7)
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
2 2
2
⇒ √(x1 − 3) + (x )
1
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
4 2
⇒ D = √x + x − 6x1 + 9
1 1

−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
2. D = √x 4
1
+ x
2
1
− 6x1 + 9

D' = x 4
1
+ x
2
1
− 6x1 + 9
′
dD 3
= 4x + 2x1 − 6 = 0
dx 1
′
dD 3
= 2x + x1 − 3 = 0
dx 1

⇒ (x1 - 1)(2x 1
2
+ 2x1 + 3) =0
x1 = 1 and 2x + 2x1 + 3 = 0 gives no real roots
2
1

The critical point is (1, 8).

′

3. dD

dx
= 4x
3

1
+ 2x1 − 6

2 ′
d D 2
= 12x + 2
2 1
dx
2 ′
d D
] = 12 + 2 = 14 > 0
dx2
x1 =1

Hence distance is minimum at (1, 8).

−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
4. D = √x 4
1
+ x
2
1
− 6x1 + 9

−−−−− −−−−−− –
D = √1 + 1 − 6 + 9 = √5 units​​
Section B
5.
−7 26
(b) [ ]
1 −5

Explanation: ∵ AX = B
p q 3 −4 5 2
∴ [ ][ ]= [ ]
r 5 1 −1 −2 1

3p + q −4p − q 5 2
⇒ [ ]= [ ]
3r + s −4r − s −2 1

⇒ 3p + q = 5 and -4p - q = 2
⇒ -p=7⇒p=-7
∴ q= 5 + 21 = 26

Also, 3r + s = -2 and -4r - s = 1

⇒ -r = -1

⇒ r=1
and s = -2 - 3 = -5
−7 26
∴ A= [ ]
1 −5

6.
(b) |A|n - 1
Explanation: |adj A| = |A|n - 1, where n is order of matrix A
7.
(d) 3

1/8
 ∣1 1 1 ∣ ∣ 0 0 1 ∣
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣
Explanation: The given system of equations does not have solution if ∣
4 λ −λ
∣
= 0 ⇒
∣
4 + λ 2λ −λ
∣
= 0

∣3 2 −4 ∣ ∣ 7 6 4 ∣

⇒ (24 + 6λ − 14λ) = 0 ⇒ λ = 3

8.
(d) log (ex)
Explanation: Given, y = x log x
On differentiating both sides w.r.t. x, we get
dy

dx
= x

x
+ log x
dy dy
⇒
dx
= log e + log x ⇒ dx
= log (ex)

9. (a) Strictly increasing on R

Explanation: Given,ff(x) = x3 + 6x2 + 15x - 12
f'(x) = 3x2 + 12x + 15
f'(x) = 3x2 + 12x + 12 + 3
f'(x) = 3(x2 + 4x + 4) + 3
f'(x) = 3(x + 2)2 + 3
As square is a positive number
∴ f'(x) will be always positive for every real number
Hence f'(x) > 0 for all x ∈ R
∴ f'(x) is strictly increasing.

10.
(b) local minima at x = 2 and a local maxima at x = – 2
4
Explanation: Given , f(x) = x + x

′ 4
⇒ f (x) = 1 −
2
x

′
⇒ f (x) = 0

⇒ x = ±2

′′ 8
⇒ f (x) =
3
x

′′ 8
⇒ f (2) = = 1 > 0
8

′′ 8
⇒ f (−2) = = −1 < 0
−8

So, f(x) has a local minima at x = 2 and a local minima at x= -2.

s 1
1 − −
11. (a) I = ∫ 0
(t 4 − t 4 ) dt

1
Explanation: I = ∫ 0
x

3
dx

(1−x) 4

Put, 1 - x = t ⇒ x = 1 - t
⇒ dx = -dt

x 0 1

t 1 0
0 (1−t)(−dt)
I = ∫
1 5

t 4
1 1−t
I = ∫ dt
0 5

t 4

1 3 1
−
t 4 t 4
I = [ − ]
1 3
−
4 4 0
4
I = −4 −
3
16
I = −
3

2/8
12.
(c) sin-1(2x - 1) + C
Explanation: The given integral is ∫ dx
=?
√x−x2

2 2
2 1 2 1 1 1
(x − x ) = − (x − x + ) = ( ) − (x − )
4 4 2 2

dx dx −1 t
∴ I = ∫ = ∫ = sin + C
2 2 2 (1/2)
1 1 1
√( √( 2
) − (x− ) ) −t
2 2 2

= sin-12t + C = sin −1
2 (x −
1

2
)+ C = sin-1(2x - 1) + C
Section C
13.
(d) A is false but R is true.
3 −1 0
Explanation: A = [ ]
4 2 1

3 −1 0 −1 2 1
∴ A+B=[ ]+ [ ]
4 2 1 1 2 3

2 1 1
= [ ]
5 4 4

2 5
⎡ ⎤

Assertion: (A + B)' = ⎢ 1 4⎥

⎣ ⎦
1 4

3 4 −1 1 4 3
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤

Now, A' - B' = ⎢ −1 2⎥ − ⎢ 2 2 ⎥ = ⎢ −3 0 ⎥

⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
0 1 1 3 −1 −2

∴ (A + B)' ≠ A' - B'

3 −1 0 −1 2 1
Reason: Now, A - B = [ ]− [ ]
4 2 1 1 2 3

4 −3 −1
= [ ]
3 0 −2

4 3
⎡ ⎤

(A - B)' = ⎢ −3 0 ⎥

⎣ ⎦
−1 −2

3 4 −1 1 4 3
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤

and A' - B' = ⎢ −1 2⎥ − ⎢ 2 2 ⎥ = ⎢ −3 0 ⎥

⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
0 1 1 3 −1 −2

∴ (A - B)' = A' - B'

14.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Assertion We have, f(x) = cos (x2)
At x = c,
LHL = lim cos (c - h)2 = cos c2
h→0

RHL = lim cos (c + h)2 = cos c2

h→0

and f(c) = cos c2

∴ LHL = RHL = f(c)

So, f(x) is continuous at x = c.

Hence, f(x) is continuous for every value of x.
Hence, both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.
Section D
15. 2A + B – 5C
If Z = diag[a,b,c], then we can write it as
a 0 0
⎡ ⎤

Z = ⎢0 b 0⎥

⎣ ⎦
0 0 c

Now we have,

3/8
 2 0 0 −3 0 0 4 0 0
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤

2A + B - 5C = 2 ⎢ 0 −5 0⎥+⎢ 0 7 0 ⎥ − 5⎢0 −6 0⎥
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
0 0 9 0 0 14 0 0 3

4 0 0 −3 0 0 20 0 0
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤

= ⎢0 −10 0 ⎥+⎢ 0 7 0 ⎥ − ⎢ 0 −30 0 ⎥

⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
0 0 18 0 0 14 0 0 15

−19 0 0
⎡ ⎤
= ⎢ 0 27 0 ⎥
⎣ ⎦
0 0 17

= diag[ -19, 27,17]

1
−−− −−
−1 −1
1 −1
sin t
16. Given: sin t 2
x = √a
sin t
= (a ) = a 2

1
−−−−− −1
1
cos
−1
t
and y = √a
−1 cos t 2
cos t
= (a ) = a 2

1 −1
dx sin t d 1 −1
∴ = a 2 log a. ( sin t)
dt dt 2
1 −1
sin t 1 1
= a 2 log a.
2 √1−t2

1 −1
dy cos t
And dt
= a 2 log a.
d

dt
(
1

2
cos
−1
t)
1 −1
cos t 1 −1
= a 2 log a.
2 √1−t2

1 −1
c os t 1 −1
a 2 log a.
2
√1−t2
dy dy/dt
∴ = =
dx dx/dt 1
sin −1 t 1 1
a 2 log a.
2
√1−t2

1 −1
c os t
−a 2 −y
= =
1 x
sin −1 t
a 2

Hence proved.
17. Let y = e6xcos3x
dy d d
6x 6x
∴ = e . cos 3x + cos 3x e
dx dx dx

6x d 6x d
= e (− sin 3x) (3x) + cos 3x. e (6x)
dx dx

6x 6x
= −e sin 3x × 3 + cos 3x. e × 6

= e6x(-3 sin 3x + 6 cos 3x)

2
d y d d
6x 6x
⇒ = e (−3 sin 3x + 6 cos 3x) + (−3 sin 3x + 6 cos 3x) e
2 dx dx
dx

6x 6x
= e (−3 cos 3x × 3 − 6 sin 3x × 3) + (−3 sin 3x + 6 cos 3x) e × 6

= e6x(-9 cos 3x - 18 sin 3x - 18 sin 3x + 36 cos 3x)

= e6x(27cos 3x - 36sin3x)
= 9e6x(3 cos 3x - 4 sin 3x)
2
x +1
18. Let I = ∫ 2
dx , then
(x+1)

2
x +1+2x−2x
I = ∫ dx
2
(x+1)

2
(x+1) −2x
⇒ I = ∫ dx
2
(x+1)

2x
⇒ I = ∫ 1 − dx
2
(x+1)

x
⇒ I = ∫ 1 ⋅ dx − 2 ∫ dx
2
(x+1)

(x+1)−1
⇒ I = ∫ 1 ⋅ dx − 2 ∫ dx
2
(x+1)

1 1
⇒ I = x − 2∫ { − } dx
x+1 2
(x+1)

1 1 2
⇒ I = x − 2∫ dx + 2 ∫ dx = x − 2 log |x + 1| − + C
x+1 2 x+1
(x+1)

19. Let f(A) = A2 – 5A + 7I

3 1 3 1 8 5
Then, A2 = AA = [ ][ ]= [ ]
−1 2 −1 2 −5 3

4/8
 f(A) = A2 – 5A + 7I
8 5 3 1 1 0
= [ ]− 5[ ]+ 7[ ]
−5 3 −1 2 0 1

8 − 15 + 7 5 − 5 + 0
f (A) = [ ]
−5 + 5 + 0 3 − 10 + 7

0 0
= [ ]
0 0

0 0
f (A) = [ ]
0 0

a b
20. Let D = [ ]
c d

Given that CD - AB = O
2 5 a b 2 −1 5 2
[ ][ ]− [ ][ ]= 0
3 8 c d 3 4 7 4

2a + 5c 2b + 5d 3 0
[ ]− [ ]= 0
3a + 8c 3b + 8d 43 22

2a + 5c − 3 2b + 5d 0 0
[ ]= [ ]
3a + 8c − 43 3b + 8d − 22 0 0

2a + 5c – 3 = 0........(1)
2b + 5d = 0.........(2)
3a + 8c – 43 = 0..........(3)
3b + 8d – 22 = 0..........(4)
Solving (1) and (3), we get, a = -191, c = 77.
Solving (2) and (4), we get, b = -110, d = 44
−191 −110
D= [ ]
77 44

3 2
21. Given, A = [ ]
2 1

To verify: A2 - 4A - I = O
Firstly, we have to find A 2

A2 = A ⋅ A = [
3 2 3 2
][ ]
2 1 2 1

9 + 4 6 + 2
= [ ]
6 + 2 4 + 1

13 8
= [ ]
8 5

Taking L.H.S of the given equation .i.e.

A2 - 4A - I
13 8 3 2 1 0
⇒ [ ]− 4[ ]− [ ]
8 5 2 1 0 1

13 8 12 8 1 0
⇒ [ ]− [ ]− [ ]
8 5 8 4 0 1

13 8 12 8 1 0
⇒ [ ] − {[ ]+ [ ]}
8 5 8 4 0 1

13 8 13 8
⇒ [ ]− [ ]
8 5 8 5

0 0
⇒ [ ]
0 0

=0
= R.H.S
∴ L.H.S = R.H.S

Hence verified
Now, we have to find A-1
Finding A-1 using given equation
A2 - 4A - I = O

5/8
 Post multiplying by A-1 both sides, we obtain
(A2 – 4A – I)A-1 = OA-1
⇒ A2.A-1 - 4A.A-1 - I.A-1 = O [OA-1 = O]
⇒ A.(AA-1) - 4I - A-1 = O [AA-1 = I]
⇒ A(I) - 4I - A-1 = O
⇒ A - 4I - A-1 = O
⇒ A - 4I - O = A-1
⇒ A - 4I = A-1
3 2 1 0
−1
⇒ A = [ ] − 4[ ]
2 1 0 1

3 2 4 0
−1
⇒ A = [ ]−[ ]
2 1 0 4

3−4 2−0
−1
⇒ A = [ ]
2−0 1−4

−1 2
−1
⇒ A = [ ]
2 −3

22. According to the question, xm yn = (x + y)m + n

On taking log both sides, we get
log(xm yn)= log (x + y)m + n
⇒ log(xm) + log(yn)= (m + n)log (x + y)
⇒ m log x + n log y = (m + n) log(x + y)
On differentiating both sides w.r.t x, we get
m n dy m+n dy
+ = (1 + )
x y dx x+y dx

m n dy m+n m+n dy
⇒ + = +
x y dx x+y x+y dx

m (m+n) m+n n dy
⇒ − = ( − )
x x+y x+y y dx

my+ny−nx−ny dy mx+my−mx−nx
⇒ [ ]
dx
=
y(x+y) x(x+y)

dy my−nx my−nx
⇒ [ ] =
dx y x

dy y
Hence, dx
=
x

4 sin x−2x−x cos x

23. Given function is, f (x) = 2+cos x

4 sin x−x(2+cos x)
=
2+cos x
4 sin x
= − x
2+cos x

Now,
(2+cosx)cosx−sinx(0−sinx)
′
f (x) = 4 ( ) − 1
2
(2+cosx)

2 2
2cosx+co s x+sin x
= 4( ) − 1
2
(2+cosx)

2
8cosx+4−(2+cosx) cosx(4−cosx)
′
= 4( ) f (x) = 4 ( )
2 2
(2+cosx) (2+cosx)

since − 1 ⩽ cos x ⩽ 1

Hence
cos x(4−cos x) π 3π

2
> 0∀x ∈ (0,
2
) and ( 2
, 2π)
(2+cos x)

cos x(4−cos x) 3π
π
< 0∀ ∈ ( , )
2 2 2
(2+cos x)

3π
So, f(x) is increasing in (0, π

2
) and ( 2
, 2π)

π 3π
and if f(x) is decreasing in ( 2
,
2
)

5x−2
24. According to the question, I = ∫ dx
1+2x+3x2

(5x − 2) can be written as ,

d 2
5x − 2 = A (1 + 2x + 3x ) + B
dx
d 2
A (1+2x+3x )+B
5x−2
I = ∫
2
dx = ∫
dx

2
dx ...(i)
1+2x+3x 1+2x+3x

6/8
 ⇒5x − 2 = A(2 + 6x) + B

Comparing the coefficients of x and constant terms,

5
5 = 6A ⇒ A =
6

and −2 = 2A + B ⇒ B = −2A − 2
5 11 5
= − − 2 = − [∵ A = ]
3 3 6

From Eq. (i), we get

5 11
(2+6x)−
6 3
I = ∫ dx
1+2x+3x2

5 11
(2+6x) ( )
6 3
⇒ I = ∫ dx − ∫ dx
2 2
1+2x+3x 1+2x+3x

⇒ I = I1 − I2 ...(ii)
5 2+6x
where, I 1 =
6
∫
2
dx
1+2x+3x

Put 1 + 2x + 3x 2
= t ⇒ (2 + 6x)dx = dt
5 dt 5
∴ I1 = ∫ = log |t| + C1
6 t 6

=
5

6
log∣
∣1 + 2x + 3x ∣
∣ + C1
2
[t = 1 + 2x + 3x ] 2

where, I 2 =
11
∫
dx

3 3x2 +2x+1

11 dx
= ∫
9 2x 1
2
[x + + ]
3 3

11 dx
= ∫
9 2x 1 1 1
2
[x + + + − ]
3 3 9 9

11 dx
= ∫
9 2 2x 1 1 1
[x + + + − ]
3 9 3 9

11 dx 2 2 2
= ∫ [∵ (a + b) = a + b + 2ab]
9 2
1 2
(x+ ) +
3 9

1
x+
11 1 −1 3 1 1 −1 x
= ⋅ tan ( ) + C2 [∵ ∫ dx = tan ( ) + c]
9 √2 √2 2 2 a a
x +a

3 3

11 −1 3x+1
= tan ( ) + C2
3√2 √2

Putting the values of I 1 and I2 in Equation (ii),

5 2 11 −1 3x+1
⇒ I = log∣
∣1 + 2x + 3x ∣
∣ + C1 − tan ( ) − C2
6 3√2 √2

5 2 11 −1 3x+1
⇒ I = log∣
∣1 + 2x + 3x ∣
∣ − tan ( ) + C [∵ C = C1 − C2 ]
6 3√2 √2

25. Using substitution Let x = tanθ ⇒ dx = sec

2
θdθ

Now, x = 0 ⇒ θ = 0
x=1⇒θ= π

1
−1 2x
∴ ∫ tan ( )dx
2
1−x
0
x

4
−1 2 tan θ 2
= ∫ tan ( ) sec θdθ
1− tan2 θ
0
π

4
−1 2 tan θ 2 2 tan θ
= ∫ tan ( ) sec θdθ [∵ tan 2θ = ]
2 2
1− tan θ 1− tan θ
0
π

4
−1 2
= ∫ tan (tan 2θ) sec θdθ
0
π

4
2
= ∫ 2θ sec θdθ
0

Using integration by parts, we get

2
∫ 2θ sec θdθ

2 2 dθ
= 2[θ] sec θdθ − ∫ (∫ sec θdθ) × dθ]
dθ

= 2 [θ tan θ − ∫ tan θdθ] [∵ ∫ tan θdθ = − log cos θ]

π
π
4
2 4
∴ ∫ 2θ sec θdθ = 2[θ tan θ + log cos θ]
0
0

π π π
= 2 [{ tan + log(cos )} −{0 × tan 0 + log cos 0}]
4 4 4

7/8
 π 1
= 2[ + log( ) − 0 − 0]
4 √2

π 1
= 2( + log )
4 √2

π
= ( − log 2)
2
1
−1 2x π
∴ ∫ tan ( )dx = − log 2
2 2
1−x
0
−1 −1
′ sin √x− cos √x
26. I = ∫
−1 −1
dx
sin √x+ cos √x

−1 − −1 − π
sin √x + cos √x =
2

−1 − π −1 −
cos √x = − sin √x
2
−1 π −1
sin √x−( − sin √x)
′ 2
I = ∫ dx
π/2

−1 π
2sin √x−
2
= ∫ dx
π/2

4 −1 −
= ∫ sin √x dx − ∫ 1dx
π

=
4

π
I − x + c ...(i)
−1 −
I = ∫ sin √x dx
−
Put sin −1
√x = t
−
sin t = √x

2
sin t = x

2 sin t cos t = dx

I = ∫ t.2 sin t cos t dt

= ∫ t. sin 2t dt
I II

cos 2t cos 2t
= −t − ∫ 1. (− )dt
2 2

−t cos 2t 1 sin 2t
= + + c
2 2 2
2
−t(1−2sin t) 1
= + 2sint cost + c
2 4

−t(1−2sin t)
2 −−−−−− −
1 2
= + sin t√1 − sin t + c
2 2
−1
− sin √x(1−2x) 1 − − −−−−
= + . √x √1 − x + c
2 2
−1
sin √x(1−2x) 1 − − −−−−
= + . √x √1 − x + c
2 2
−1
sin √x(2x−1) 1
−−−−−
2
= + . √x − x + c
2 2

From (i),
−1 −1 −1
sin √x− cos √x 4
sin √x(2x−1) 1
−−−−−
′
I = ∫ dx = ( + √x − x2 ) − x + c
−1 −1 π 2 2
sin √x+ cos √x

π x tan x
27. According to the question , I = ∫ dx ........(i)
0 sec x⋅cosecx
a a
we know that , ∫ f (x)dx = ∫ f (a − x)dx 0 0

we get
π (π−x) tan(π−x)
I = ∫ dx
0 sec(π−x)cosec(π−x)

π (π−x)(− tan x)
⇒ I = ∫ dx
0 − sec xcosecx

π (π−x) tan x
⇒ I = ∫
0 sec xcosecx
dx ......(ii)
On adding Equations (i) and (ii) we get,
π π tan x
2I = ∫ dx
0 sec xcosecx
2
π π sin x(cos x)
⇒ I = ∫ dx
2 0 (cos x)

π π 2
= ∫ sin xdx
2 0

π π 1−cos 2x
= ∫ ( ) dx
2 0 2
π
π sin 2x
= [x − ]
4 2
0

π sin 2π sin(0)
⇒ I = [π − − 0 + ]
4 2 2

π
⇒ I = [π − 0]
4
2
π
⇒ I =
4

8/8