Chapter-1

Multimedia
1. Multimedia is the collection of multiple form of media integrated
to each other.
2. Media can be audio, video ,text ,image ,animation ,graphics
3. Best example of multimedia is web page on anything having text
on it related to the information and audio present on it of his
music
4. Besides integrated multimedia there is special interactive media
like video games and CD,DVD’s which teaches us about different
type of information
5. It is of two type: a) Linear Multimedia b) Non Linear Multimedia
6. History of Multimedia:
I. First multimedia was Newspaper having text,
image, graphics, etc. in it
II. The term multimedia was coined by Bob
Goldstern in 1966 to promote opening of his
light work show at south hamption
III. In 1970’s multimedia was used for or to
represent presentations which concists multiple
projects of slide show which moves or play on
time track of audio
IV. In 1990’s it start looking like today’s multimedia
 Hardware Requirement of M.M
1. Processor: Intel Platinum Dual Core
2. Memory:2GB
3. Hard disk: 80GB with 15% free space in it
4. USB or CD Rome : Universal series bus or CD Rome of 24 speed
5. Sound card : 16 or 32 bit
6. Graphic card: At least 1 of 4MB

Software Requirement of Multimedia

1. Adobe Flash
2. Adobe Photoshop
3. Notepad++
4. Video editing application
5. Sound editing application
6. Dreamware

Elements of Multimedia
1. Text: written words are known as text in multimedia. It is most
common and usable feature it tells and give information to us
there are two types of text normal text and hyper text. It is used
to link any website or webpage by only clicking it we get
teleported to that linked page. Features of text are: text color,
background color, font , size.
2. Graphics: Graphics are the edited or original images. It is mostly
used in multimedia with text because some people are not likely
to read long paragraphs so the graphics are used to tell the
concept to the user instead of using text. Graphics contains
images of both type bitmap image and vector image.
3. Animation: The sequence of image in series at rapid speed which
seems in motion picture is called animation. It is a sequence of
still image in speed resulting in that the character of image have
bought to live . The most common tool used for animation is
adobe flash and most of animation is done with computer
graphics imaginary (CGI)
4. Audio: It is sound clip. It contains things like sound, music, audio
clip, beats, etc. It take clarity to the presentation and make it
attractive. It is used with graphics. Formats of audio are : MP3,
wave , midi , wma
5. Video: 1) It is motion picture with sound in it
2) It increases the understanding of our presentation
3)It make our project more attractive
4) It catches attention and concentration of users toward it
5) Format of video are: MP4, AVI , MPEG
Multimedia Capturing Devices
1. Devices that are used for giving resources or information are
called Capturing devices.
2. These devices are used for taking multimedia input like:
image, sound, video, etc.
3. They are the input devices used for production of
multimedia resources
4. For example: keyboard, mouse, scanner, etc.
a) Webcam:
1. It is a simple digital camera that can take video or still
images for transmission over internet.
2. They do not have storage capability
 3. They simply capture video or image and transmit over
network.
4. They are commonly used in video conferencing’s
b) Digital cameras :
1. It is a camera that captures the image and photos in digital
memory.
2. Many digital camera’s can record audio also with video.
3. They can display images on screen immediately after being
recorded.
c) Midi:
1. It represents musical instrument digital interface.
2. It makes communication b/w computer and musical
instrument.
3. In it a piano style keyboard is used to record music on
computer as a series of messages.
4. Every system includes 3 MIDI parts
i. MIDI IN
ii. MIDI OUT
iii. MIDI THRU (relays data without reading)

Multimedia storage devices

1. Devices that are used to store and retrieve information are called
storage devices
2. Multimedia data requires very large storage capacity so
multimedia applications needs special memory
3. Various storage devices used for multimedia projects are : RAM,
Hard disk , Magnetic tape, etc.
 Communication devices
1. Devices that are used for making communication b/w two
computers to share multimedia projects are called
communication devices.
2. Communication channel and transferring devices comes
under communication devices for multimedia
3. The main problem during communication is of bandwidth
because files are of large size.
i. Synchronous: real time applications transmits and
recives data in real time and allow’s the user to view,
hear files when created and captured devices without
delay
ii. Asynchronous: applications stores the data and then
forward it tto user through the communication
channel
iii. Modem: It is a device that modulates and
demodulates analog signals so that they can move in
communication lines. Its speed is very important for
multimedia communication to send huge data in
lesser time
Display devices
There are variety of display devices used in multimedia system for
editing and displaying multimedia some ex of display devices are
monitor, LCD, Touch screen , projector, etc.
1. Monitor:
I. It is also called cathode ray tube (CRT)
 II. It is a sealed vacume chamber in which an beam of
electrons are focused on chemical coated screen to
form an image.
III. It is a most commonly used graphic display
IV. An serial multimedia developer attaches more than
one monitor using graphic board to an computer
2. LCD:
I. It is called liquid crystal display
II. It is much energy consuming and light weight in size
III. It has layers of materials which can change its optical
properties to form an image
3. Video Projector is much costly and there is digital light
processor in it
4. Speaker and sound system does not display anything but it is
an part of display devices of multimedia.

Application of Multimedia
 Public sector:
I. The power of multimedia is being experienced by
humans from thousands of years
II. It is used at grocery shops, bus stand, airports, etc.
III. It is present to give information and to help people
IV. It have decreased the demand of information booths.
V. It provides help round the clock 24/7 even in mid
night.
 Entertainment and art:
I. Multimedia is mostly used in entertainment industry. It
is used to add special effects in movies and games
 II. Multimedia is used in games and these games are
much popular in today they even comes in CD rom
and online also for ex pubg
III. Another field where multimedia is used is art here
multimedia artists blends various techniques using
media and with multimedia art galleries are also made
by artists.
 Education:
I. The multimedia is success fully used to create computer
based training courses called CBT’s
II. A CBT provides the user to learn about the series of
presentation and text which allows the user to learn
about the topic easily main ex of CBT’s are online
cources , online classes, udemy , youtube , etc.
III. It combines the education with entertainment which is
called edutainment. It provides education through
entertainment. It increases the possibilities of learning.
IV. One of the most comman sector of interactive media is
education . Interactive media is basically made by the
weaving of 5 basic media called audio, video, text,
animation, graphics, etc. It is non linear in working
mode and it have make more easier for students and
teacher to learn anything in their way and they decides
what they have to do.
 Engineering :
I. Multimedia is used in computer simulators by software
engineer for entertainment, to train military and in
industrial training
 II. Multimedia system interference is done by the
collaboration b/w software engineer and creative
professor
 Medicines
I. Multimedia is used in medical simulators are used by
the doctors to get trained of virtual surgery.
II. These simulators are used to know that how disease
and virus spread in human body and make techniques
to prevent it.
Advantages of Multimedia
 Giving education to students becomes easy
 It increases interest of students in studies and
motivate them to study
 It give independence to people to learn anything
 It can be even used by the computer phobic people by
only using mouse and touching screen.
 It attracts people toward our product
 It increases sales and profit of our business
 It decreases the requirement of information booths
 It helps people when there is no one even in mid night

Disadvantages
 It is much costly because we have to buy a device with
proper hardware and software.
 It can’t be used in rural areas because It runs on
electricity and electricity is not provided all time.
 It has reduced the jobs of people in many sector for ex
information booths
  If device get in contact with moisture it get damaged
 It take much time for compiling
 Hardware requirements are more as compare to
normal computer
 Multimedia projects are complex
Multimedia file formats
 There are various file formats that are used to transport
multimedia data. Some file format are Quick time(MOV) Real
time (RM)
 There are two categories of file formats
 General purpose formats: These formats are designed as
transports to carry many different types of data for many
different types of applications.
Various general purpose formats are:
 MPEG : Motion picture expert group
 AVI: Audio video interleaved
 ASF: Advanced streaming format.
 RM: Real media
 Null soft video file (NSF)

 Special purpose formats: The multimedia formats that are

geared toward a special purpose are called special purpose
formats. These formats are used for full motion video for
games . For ex SGI, 1 Hit wonder, 4xn, etc.
 Image file formats
These formats provide a standardized method of organizing
and storing image data. Image files are made up of either
pixels or vector data.
Various imager formats are:
1. JPEG: Joint photographic expert group
2. TIFF: Tagged image file formats
3. RAW: It refers to raw image
4. PNG: Portable network graphics
5. GIF : Graphic Interchange format
6. BMP : Bitmap
7. SVG : Scalable vector graphics

Sound file format

A sound file format is simply a recognized methodology for organizing
the digitized sound is data bits and bytes into a data file. The digitized
sound that can be stored on macintosh is AIF file, It stands for audio
interchange file format. For ex AIFF, MIDI ,MP3, WAV,AV, MPEG audio.

Video file format.

These video formats are used for storing and playing digitized video to
and form disk files. Two systems available for this purpose are AVI and
Quick time system . The data stream is transferred into memory from
disk in an organized and buffered manner in both the systems

1. Quick time: This format integrates sound, animation, video and

text data on both window and Mac Platforms. It delivers
multimedia on www as a plug in for Internet Explores.
2. AVI: Audio video Interleave is a video format of multimedia
introduced by Microsoft in November 1992. It contains both audio
and video data in a container.