Lesson Plan: Teaching Algorithms and Scratch to Kids
Target Audience: Kids aged 6 to 11 years old.
Objective: Introduce kids to basic programming concepts like algorithms, conditions, loops, and
functions using Scratch. The aim is to make programming fun and accessible while building a strong
foundation in computational thinking.
Lesson 1: Introduction to Algorithms
- Duration: 30 minutes
- Objective: Understand what an algorithm is and why it is important.
Steps:
1. Ask kids: "What do you think computers do? How do they know what to do?"
2. Define an algorithm: "A step-by-step set of instructions to solve a problem or complete a task."
3. Activity: Create an algorithm for brushing teeth (e.g., Pick up the toothbrush, apply toothpaste,
etc.)
4. Discuss real-world examples of algorithms (e.g., recipes, getting ready for school).
Lesson 2: Conditions (If/Else)
- Duration: 30 minutes
- Objective: Understand how conditions work in programming.
Steps:
1. Explain conditions: "If something happens, do this. Otherwise, do something else."
2. Example: "If it is raining, take an umbrella. Else, wear sunglasses."
3. Activity: Create an If/Else algorithm for deciding what to wear based on the weather.
4. Scratch Practice: Create a simple Scratch project where a sprite changes based on a condition
(e.g., If the user presses 'W', the sprite says 'Hello').
Lesson 3: Loops
- Duration: 30 minutes
- Objective: Learn how loops are used to repeat actions.
Steps:
1. Explain loops: "A way to do the same thing multiple times."
2. Example: "Clapping hands 5 times is a loop."
3. Activity: Write an algorithm for setting the table (e.g., Repeat until all seats have plates and cups).
4. Scratch Practice: Create a loop in Scratch where a sprite moves in a circle or repeats a dance.
Lesson 4: Functions
- Duration: 30 minutes
- Objective: Understand functions as reusable pieces of code.
Steps:
1. Explain functions: "A way to group instructions that can be reused."
2. Example: "Think of it like a song chorus; you don't have to sing it every time, just repeat it."
3. Activity: Create a function for making a sandwich (e.g., Add bread, add filling, etc.).
4. Scratch Practice: Use Scratch blocks to create a function that makes a sprite perform a dance or
say a joke.
Final Activity: Build a Scratch Game
- Duration: 1 hour
- Objective: Combine concepts to create a fun game.
Steps:
1. Brainstorm a simple game idea (e.g., a maze, a catching game, or a quiz).
2. Use conditions to decide what happens when the player makes a move.
3. Use loops for repetitive actions (e.g., a timer or repeating obstacles).
4. Use functions to simplify the game logic.
5. Share and celebrate: Each child presents their game to the group.
Closing Notes
- Encourage creativity and experimentation.
- Remind kids that making mistakes is part of learning.
- Provide additional resources for learning Scratch at home.
