LAB REPORT
ME308 MANUFACTURING LABORATORY-II
Date of submission: 02/02/2025 Name: A. KANNAIAH GUPTHA
Group (Sub-group): Monday(C) Entry No: 2022MEB1292
Experiment No. 03: NC/CNC Programming:
● Experiment title: Overview of NC/CNC Programming with CAM Software, Simulation, and Practical
Implementation.
● Objectives:
• Learn the basics of NC/CNC programming and why it's important in modern manufacturing.
• Get familiar with commonly used G-code and M-code.
• Practice writing, simulating, and testing CNC programs.
• Explore advanced features like pocketing, drilling cycles, and optimizing tool paths.
Material and apparatus used:
• CNC Simulator Pro software
• Computer system for code writing and simulation
● Experimental procedure:
• Analyze the part drawing, focusing on dimensions, features, and material specifications.
• Choose appropriate CNC tools based on the material and operations, such as drills or mills, adjusting
parameters like feed rate and tool paths in the simulator.
• Write or generate the CNC code using CNC Simulator Pro software specifying tool movements, cutting
paths, and parameters using G-codes and M-codes.
• Run the simulation. Observe the machine movements and check for errors like tool collisions or
incorrect paths.
• Based on the simulation, review the results and modify the code as needed to fix errors or optimize
operations.
● Results and discussion:
1). $AddRegPart 1 20 20
T1 M06
G92 X20 Y20 Z30
G00 X15 Y15
G01 Z-15 F100 S1000 M03 M08
G01 X15 Y70
G02 X30 Y85 R15
G01 X85 Y85
G01 Y15
G01 X15
G01 Z0
T2 M06
G81 Z-15 R10 X30 Y30
X30
Y30
X30
Y70
X70
Y70
X70
Y30
G00 X0 Y0 Z5
G28
M30
2) $AddRegPart 1 20 20
T2 M06
G00 X10 Y30
G92 X20 Y20 Z30
G21
G90
G00 X10 Y30 Z5
G01 Z-15 F100 S1000
G01 X10 Y70
G01 X50 Y70
G01 X50 Y90
G01 X130 Y90
G01 X130 Y70
G01 X170 Y70
G01 X170 Y30
G01 X130 Y30
G01 X130 Y10
G01 X50 Y10
G01 X50 Y30
G01 X10 Y30
G01 X10 Y70
G00 Z5
G28
M30
3)
$AddRegPart 1 20 20
T1 M06
G92 X20 Y20 Z30
G21
G90
G00 X10 Y10
G01 Z-30 F100 S1000 M03 M08
G01 X10 Y85
G02 X25 Y100 R15
G01 X95 Y100
G03 X110 Y115 R15
G01 X110 Y150
G01 X145 Y150
G01 X145 Y115
G03 X160 Y100 R15
G01 X195 Y100
G01 X195 Y10
G01 X160 Y10
G01 X160 Y45
G03 X145 Y60 R15
G01 X85 Y60
G03 X70 Y45 R15
G01 X70 Y10
G01 X10 Y10
G00 Z5
G28
M30
4)
$AddRegPart 1 20 20
T3 M06
G92 X20 Y20 Z30
G21
G90
G00 X10 Y50 Z5
G01 Z-30 F100 S1000 M03 M08
G01 X10 Y55
G01 X37.5 Y55
G03 X42.5 Y60 R5
G03 X37.5 Y65 R5
G01 X10 Y65
G01 X10 Y70
G03 X50 Y110 R40
G01 X55 Y110
G01 X55 Y82.5
G03 X60 Y77.5 R5
G03 X65 Y82.5 R5
G01 X65 Y110
G01 X70 Y110
G03 X110 Y70 R40
G01 X110 Y65
G01 X82.5 Y65
G03 X77.5 Y60 R5
G03 X82.5 Y55 R5
G01 X110 Y55
G01 X110 Y50
G03 X70 Y10 R40
G01 X65 Y10
G01 X65 Y37.5
G03 X60 Y42.5 R5
G03 X55 Y37.5 R5
G01 X55 Y10
G01 X50 Y10
G03 X10 Y50 R40
G00 Z5
T2 M06
G81 Z-30 X60 Y60
G80
G00 Z50
5)
$AddRegPart 1 20 20
T3 M06
G92 X20 Y20 Z30
G21
G90
G00 X70 Y10 Z5
G01 Z-30 F100 S1000 M03
M08
G03 X133 Y108 R150
G03 X70 Y118 R32
G03 X14.5 Y98 R32
G02 X30.5 Y88 R16
G02 X62.5 Y88 R16
G02 X45.5 Y40.66 R75
G02 X40 Y45 R75
G03 X 70 Y10 R150
Z35
G00 Z30 X79 Y108
G01 Z-30 F100 S1000 M03 M08
G02 X123 Y108 R22
G02 X79 Y108 R22
Z35
M09 M05 M30
• Absolute positioning (G90) references all movements from a fixed origin, ensuring precision in complex
machining.
• Incremental positioning (G91) moves the tool relative to its last position, making it efficient for repetitive
tasks like hole drilling and pocketing.
• Simulating the CNC program helps detect syntax errors and unintended tool movements before execution.
• A dry run ensures the machine follows the correct tool path without material cutting, preventing damage to
tools and workpieces.
• G-codes (e.g., G00 for rapid movement, G01 for linear interpolation) define precise tool paths.
• M-codes (e.g., M06 for tool change, M08 for coolant ON) automate auxiliary functions for smoother
machining operations.
• This software automates G-code generation, optimizing complex geometries and reducing manual errors.
• It improves efficiency by generating optimized toolpaths for better surface finish and material removal rates.
• CNC programming is crucial in industries like aerospace, automotive, and medical device manufacturing for
high precision and repeatability.
• Integration with CAD/CAM software streamlines the design-to-production process, reducing lead times and
improving productivity.
● Learning from the experiments:
• I got hands-on experience with NC/CNC programming, learning how it works and how it’s used in
real-world manufacturing.
• I learned the difference between absolute (G90) and incremental (G91) programming modes, and
when to use each.
• I realized how important simulation is for catching and fixing errors before actually running the
program on the machine.
• I memorized key CNC codes like G01 (linear movement), G02/G03 (circular movement), M06 (tool
change), G81 (drilling), and M08/M09 (coolant control).
• I saw how automation makes manufacturing more precise and efficient.
• I learned how simulation helps prevent errors and reduces material waste.
• I now realised how CNC programming is essential for precise, high-volume production in industries
like aerospace, automotive, and medical devices.
• I also improved my ability to write efficient CNC programs, saving time and speeding up
production.
● Safety concern while using CNC machine:
• Wear safety goggles, gloves (if needed), and closed-toe shoes to protect against debris, sharp tools, or
falling objects.
• Inspect the machine for loose parts, damaged tools, or misalignments before starting.
• Be familiar with the emergency stop button and shutdown procedures for safety.
• Use coolant and lubricants as specified, but avoid direct contact with them.
• Keep hair, loose clothing, and jewelry away from moving parts to prevent entanglement.
• Operate the machine only after proper training and supervision, especially at first.
