notes
If three or more points lie on the same line, they are called
collinear points; otherwise they are called non-collinear
points.
angles
less than 90° but more than 0° = acute angle
more than 90° but less than 180° = obtuse angle
90° = right angle
more than 180° but less than 360° = reflex angle
180° = straight angle
360° = complete angle
an angle is formed when two rays are joined at their
endpoints. These rays are called the sides or arms of the
angle.
parts of an angle = arms and vertex
triangle
A triangle is a closed shape with 3 angles, 3 sides, and 3
vertices
parts of triangle ⛛
calcification of triangles
Types of Triangle Based on Sides and Angles
The different types of triangles are also classified according
to their sides and angles as follows:
Equilateral or Equiangular Triangle: When all sides and
angles of a triangle are equal, it is called an equilateral or
equiangular triangle.
Isosceles Right Triangle: A triangle in which 2 sides are
equal and one angle is 90° is called an isosceles right
triangle. So, in an isosceles right triangle, two sides and two
acute angles are congruent.
Obtuse Isosceles Triangle: A triangle in which 2 sides are
equal and one angle is an obtuse angle is called an obtuse
isosceles triangle.
Acute Isosceles Triangle: A triangle in which all 3 angles are
acute angles and 2 sides measure the same is called an
acute isosceles triangle.
Right Scalene Triangle: A triangle in which any one of the
angles is a right angle and all the 3 sides are unequal, is
called a right scalene triangle.
Obtuse Scalene Triangle: A triangle with an obtuse angle
with sides of different measures is called an obtuse scalene
triangle.
Acute Scalene Triangle: A triangle that has 3 unequal sides
and 3 acute angles is called an acute scalene triangle.
quadrilateral
quadrilateral is a polygon with 4 sides, 4 angles, and 4
vertices.
types of quadrilateral
Properties of Quadrilateral
1. Square:
-All sides are equal
-Opposite sides are parallel
-All angles are equal ( 90° )
-Diagonals are equal and bisect each other at right angle.
2. Rectangle:
-Opposite sides are equal
- Opposite sides are parallel
-All angles are equal ( 90° )
-Diagonals are equal.
-Diagonals bisect each other but not at right angle.
3. Rhombus:
-All sides are equal
-Opposite sides are parallel
-Diagonals are not equal but bisect each other at right angle.
4. Parallelogram:
-Opposite sides are equal & parallel.
-Diagonals are not equal but bisect each other.
5. Isosceles Trapezium:
-One pair of opposite side is parallel.
-Non parallel sides are equal.
-Diagonals are equal (only for isosceles trapezium)
- Diagonals do not bisect each other.
polygon
Polygons are defined as two-dimensional closed shapes
that are formed by joining three or more line segments with
each other
types of polygon
irregular and regular polygon
Criterion of Regular Polygon Irregular Polygon
Difference
Length of sides Equal Unequal
Measurement of Equal Unequal
all interior angles
Measurement of Equal Unequal
all exterior angles
