GRADE 11 –
Empowerment Technologies Key Vocabulary
LEARNING OBJECTIVE: computer
I CAN UNDERSTAND THE MEANING AND PARTS OF Computer system, Hardware,
A COMPUTER AND ITS PURPOSES. Software, People ware, Data
ware, Input, Process , output
SUCCESS CRITERIA:
Identify the components of computer system.
Give examples of different computer system.
Single out the importance of technology in our lives.
FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTER SYSTEMS
Computer Fundamentals
• What is a computer?
• Components of a Computer System
• Computer Hardware
• Computer Software
• Computer Booting
What is a Computer?
- is an advanced electronic device that takes
raw data as input from the user and processes
these data under the control of set of instructions
(called program) and gives the result (output) and
saves output for the future use.
A computer has four functions:
a. accepts data Input
b. processes data Process
c. produces output Output
d. stores results Storage
Input (Data):
-is the raw information entered into a
computer from the input devices. It is the
collection of letters, numbers, images etc
Process:
- is the operation of data as per given
instruction. It is totally internal process of
the computer system
Output: (Information)
- is the processed data given by computer
after data processing. Output is also called as
Result. We can save these results in the storage
devices for the future use.
An abacus is a calculation tool used by
sliding counters along rods or grooves in
order to perform mathematical
functions..
Computer System
Computer System
- is a group of computer interrelated parts, wherein each part
has its own function and together they perform a task.
- all of the components of a computer system can be
summarized with the simple equation.
COMPUTER SYSTEM= HARDWARE + SOFTWARE + PEOPLE WARE+ DATAWARE
Components of a Computer System
HARDWARE
-is the physical parts or components of a
computer system. These are the tangible and
peripheral devices attached to the computer.
SOFTWARE
-refers to a set of instructions that is to be
executed by the computer. It is also called as
programs.
PEOPLEWARE.
-refers to the personnel within the computer installation or
it could be anybody who wants his job to be done with the
use of computer.
DATAWARE
-refers to the steps specifying the manner of certain activities
that are to be accomplished.
COMPUTER HARDWARE
INPUT DEVICES- are essential in order to use a
computer. These devices allow users to interact with
the applications that the computer displays.
OUTPUT DEVICES- any piece of computer hardware
equipment used to communicate the results of data
processing carried out by an information processing system
(such as a computer) which converts the electronically
generated information into human-readable form.
COMPUTER HARDWARE
INPUT DEVICES-”LISTENER”
( ALLOW SENDERS TO SEND DATA TO THE
COMPUTER)
OUTPUT DEVICES – “SPEAKER” ( DISPLAY OR
PRODUCE RESULTS FROM THE COMPUTER)
1. MOUSE 2.GAMEPAD 3.JOYSTICK 4.KEYBOARD
5.TOUCH SCREEN 6.TOUCH PAD 7.SCANNER 8.BAR CODE
READER
9.GRAPHICS 10.MICROPHONE
11.DIGITAL 12.WEBCAM
TABLET CAMERA
13.STYLUS 14.MAGNETIC CARD READER 15.BIOMETRIC DEVICE
16.LIQUID CRYSTAL
DISPLAY MONITOR (LCD) 17.CATHODE RAY TUBE
MONITOR (CRT)
18.SPEAKER 19.PROJECTOR
20.Dot Matrix Printer
21.InkJet Printer
22.Laser Printer
23.Plotter
Note:
In the absence of one component, no
task will be accomplished, thus it will not be
possible to generate a computerized output.
EXAMPLES OF INPUT DEVICES
MOUSE GAMEPAD JOYSTICK KEYBOARD
TOUCH SCREEN TOUCH PAD SCANNER BAR CODE READER
EXAMPLES OF INPUT DEVICES
GRAPHICS TABLET MICROPHONE
DIGITAL CAMERA WEBCAM
STYLUS MAGNETIC CARD READER BIOMETRIC DEVICE
EXAMPLES OF OUTPUT DEVICES
LIQUID CRYSTAL
DISPLAY MONITOR (LCD) CATHODE RAY TUBE
MONITOR (CRT)
SPEAKER PROJECTOR
EXAMPLES OF OUTPUT DEVICES
Dot Matrix Printer
InkJet Printer
Laser Printer
Plotter
STORAGE DEVICES – a device for
recording (storing) data and information
INTERNAL COMPONENTS- these can
be seen inside the system unit of a
computer
STORAGE DEVICES
Primary memory (main memory)
RAM (Random Access
Memory/Read-Write ROM (Read-only-memory)
Memory)
STORAGE DEVICES
Secondary memory (storage devices)
Hard Disk (Local Disk) External Hard Disk Memory Cards
STORAGE DEVICES
Optical disk Flash Drive Floppy Disk
INTERNAL COMPONENTS
Mother Board Sound card
CMOS Battery Cooling Fan
INTERNAL COMPONENTS
Network Interface Card
Graphics Card
Processor
Power Supply Unit
COMPUTER SOFTWARE
- are the computer programs. The instructions given to the
computer in the form of a program is called Software.
Software is the set of programs, which are used for
different purposes.
All the programs used in computer to perform
specific task is called Software.
3 Types of software
1. System software
2. Application Software
3. Computer Language and Scripting
3 Types of software
1. System software:
a) Operating System Software
DOS, Windows XP, Windows 7, Unix/Linux, MAC/OS X
b) Utility Software
Windows Explorer (File/Folder Management), Windows
Media Player, Anti-Virus Utilities, Disk Defragmentation,
Disk Clean, WinRAR
Types of software
2. Application software:
a) Package Software
Ms. Office 2013, Adobe PhotoShop, Browser, Games
b) Tailored or Custom Software
Payroll System, Point of Sales, Hospital Management System
3. Computer Languages & Scripting:
a)Programming Language, Mark Up Language- creating
programs , application
What is Booting?
Booting is a process or set of operations that
loads and hence starts the operating system,
starting from the point when user switches on
the power button.
There are two types of booting:
• Cold Booting:
If the computer is in off state and we boot
the computer by pressing the power switch ‘ON’
from the CPU box then it is called as cold booting.
• Warm Booting
If the computer is already ‘ON’ and we
restart it by pressing the ‘RESET’ button from the
CPU box or CTRL, ALT and DEL key
simultaneously from the keyboard then it is called
warm booting.
THANK YOU! ☺
HAVE A NICE DAY AHEAD ☺
