Android Application

Development
Lesson 1: Getting Started with Android

Course: Mobile Application Development

Instructor: Muhammad Arslan Sarwar
 Introduction to Android platform

Marketplace of Android

Android software stack

Contents
Android SDKs’ and their versions

Pre-requisites of Android

Android development issues/challenges

  What is Android?
 A software platform and operating system for mobile
devices
 Based on the Linux kernel
1- Introduction  Acquired by Google and later the Open Handset Alliance
To Android (OHA)*
Platform  Can be programmed in C/C++ but mostly app development
is carried in Java & Kotlin

*Open Handset Alliance™, a group of 47 technology and mobile companies (including handset
manufacturers, software corporations, mobile operators, semiconductor manufacturers) have
come together to accelerate innovation in mobile and offer consumers a richer, less expensive,
and better mobile experience.
2- Marketplace Of
Android

Globally: 70% of mobile OS

Africa: 80%
Asia: 84%
Europe: 72%
North America: 51%
South America 88%
  iPhone is used by richer and more affluent users, and so, iPhone
users are more likely to spend money on apps than Android users.

2- Marketplace
Of Android
Despite Android’s
massive market share,
iOS still makes more
money
 Reasons to choose android instead iOS
 Number of targeted users
 More then 70% mobile users accessible
2- Marketplace  Popular in region of Asia, our local market

Of Android  Improved profitability

 In contradict to past, Android apps are becoming more and more
profitable as iOS (app purchases, ads)
Then why Android  Less advertising cost
App Development?  Low barrier of entry
Why not iOS?  Development environment, don’t need to pay for new hardware,
Store registration ($99 yearly vs $25 lifetime)

 Ease of development
 Play store
 Java/Kotlin
 Android studio
3- Architecture
of Android:
Android
Software Stack
3- Android  Android provides a set of core applications:
 Email Client
Software Stack  SMS Program
 Calendar
Applications  Maps
 Browser
 Contacts
 Etc.
 Feature Role
3- Android Content Enabling applications to access data from other
Software Stack Provider applications or to share their own data
Resource Providing access to non-code resources (localized
Application Manager string, graphics, and layout files)
framework Notificati Enabling all applications to display customer alerts
on in the status bar
Manager
Activity Managing the lifecycle of applications and
Manager providing a common navigation backstack
3- Android
Software Stack
 Including a set of C/C++ libraries used by components of the
Libraries Android system
 Exposed to developers through the Android application
framework
  Core Libraries
3- Android  Providing most of the functionality available in the core libraries of the
Java language
 Java APIs
Software Stack  Data Structures
 Utilities
 File Access
Android runtime  Network Access
 Graphics
 Etc.
 The Dalvik runtime is optimized for mobile applications
 Replaced with ART from lollipop (faster but increases app’s installation
time)
 • Relying on Linux Kernel for core system services
3- Android • Memory and Process Management
Software Stack • Network Stack

• Driver Model
Linux kernel
• Security
• The supplied device drivers include Display, Camera,
Keypad, Wi-Fi, Flash Memory, Audio, and IPC (inter-
process communication).
• Providing an abstraction layer between the H/W and the
rest of the S/W stack
  Android SDKs(Software Development Kit) includes libraries and
tools required to develop, debug, test and release Android apps.
 An SDK package includes:
4- Android  SDK-tools: tools for debugging and testing
SDKs’ and  SDK platform tools: platform-dependent tools for developing and
debugging your application. These tools support the latest features
their versions of the Android platform and are typically updated only when a new
platform becomes available. These tools are always backward
compatible with older platforms.
 Other packages: Documentation, System Images, Sources for
Android SDK, Samples, Google APIs support, Google play billing and
licensing.
 15 (Beta 4) API level 35
 Android is Upside Down Cake 14 API level 34
continuously
improving itself T 13 API level 33
by adding new
features and S 12 API level 31,32
functionalities
and improving R 11 API level 30
existing
4- Android libraries.
Q 10 API level 29
SDKs’ and  Each new SDK Pie 9 API level 28
version Oreo 8.1.0 API level 27
their versions contains new
libraries, Oreo 8.0.0 API level 26
updated
libraries and Nougat 7.1 API level 25
even discards
old libraries by Nougat 7.0 API level 24
replacing with Marshmallow 6.0 API level 23
new one
(deprecation) Lollipop 5.1 API level 22
Lollipop 5.0 API level 21
  Object Oriented Programming concepts
 Class fundamentals
5- Pre-  Inheritance concepts
requisites of  Type casting, Access modifiers
Android  Core programming concepts
 Arrays and operators
 Control statements
 Concepts of designing using HTML/XML
  Supporting multiple screens
 Multiple screen sizes
 Screen resolutions
6- Android  Screen orientations
development  Compatibility
issues/  Run apps on older platform versions
challenges  Arranging your code
 Designing According to need/market
 Working with multiple android components
 Activities, fragments, utility classes, broadcast receivers,
services
  Intro to Android (Android Developer Fundamentals,
Reference Unit 1: Lesson 1.0) – Google Developers India
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xNPkXGdVw7E&
Video list=PLlyCyjh2pUe9wv-hU4my-
Nen_SvXIzxGB&index=2
  Visit and read blog:
 https://dev.to/javafullstackdev/the-ultimate-mobile-
Self Exercise app-developer-roadmap-for-2024-5ep

 Try installing