Rectangular Beam Design to AS 3600 - 2018

Design Information b

Beam width (b) = 600 mm dn

Beam depth (D) = 900 mm
Main R/f dia = N 28 , 2-Layer - N 0 D d
Shear Link dia = N 12
Cover = 25 mm
Conc. Grade (f'c) = 32 N/mm2 ɛs
AS 3600 Clause 3.1.1.3
Tensile st. of concrete (f'ctf) = 0.6√f'c = 3.39 N/mm2
Stirrup yield strength (fsy,f) = 500 N/mm2
Steel yield strength (fsy) = 500 N/mm2

Flexural Design
Design Moment (M*) = 500 kNm

Effective depth (d) = 849 mm dmin = 395.39 mm ; Effective depth is OK

Assume,
z= 0.85 d
Ø= 0.85

Ast,req = M*/(0.85dØfsy) = 1630.25 mm2

Ast,Prov = 6 N 20 = 1884.96 mm2

AS 3600 Clause 8.1.6.1

; Ast,min ≤ Ast, prov; hence, Min. R/f OK
Ast,min = [0.2 x (D/d)2 f'ctf/fsy]bwd = 777.17 mm2

AS 3600 Clause 8.1.3

α2 = 0.85 - 0.0015 f'c = 0.8

γ = 0.97 - 0.0025 f'c = 0.89

For C = T, dn = (Astfsy)/(α2f'cγb) = 68.94 mm

kuo = dn/d = 0.081

AS 3600 Table 2.2.2

Ø= 0.85

Check whether steel has yielded;

ɛs = (d-dn)/dn * ɛcu = 0.034 ≥ ɛsy = 0.0025 ; Thus Assumption is Correct!

Thus, Z = (d-γdn/2) = 806.55 ≤ 0.95d; Hence okay

Taking moment about centroid of concrete stress block;

Ø Muo = Ø T z = Ø Ast*fsy*z = 0.85 x 1884.96 x 500 x 806.55 x 10^-6 = 646.13 kNm

ØMuo ≥ M* ; Thus Section Ok!

 ɛcu α2f'c

γdn C = α2f'c bγdn

T = Astfsy

Shear Design
Design Shear (V*) = 225 kN

epth is OK Ø= 0.75 (AS 3600: Table 2.2.2)

AS 3600 Clause 8.2.4.3; Simplified method

ϴv = 36 0 αv = 90 0
dv = 764.1 (AS 3600: Cl 8.2.1.9)
d0 = 849

AS 3600: Clause 8.2.3.3

ce, Min. R/f OK

Vu,max = 0.55 {f'cbvdv[(cot(ϴv)+cot(αv)]/[1+cot2(ϴv)]}
Vu,max = 3837 kN
Ø Vu,max = 2878 kN ; V* < Ø Vu,max , Hence web crushing is not critical and the cross secti

Assume,
Asv,req /s ≥ Asv,min/s ; Then; Kv = 0.15

Concrete Contribution to shear strength, Vuc = kvbvdv√f'c

Vuc = 389.02 kN
Ø Vuc = 291.77 kN ≥ V* ; Hence Shear R/f not required

if(Required shear force resisted by stirrup, (AS 3600: Clause 8.2.5)

Vus ≥ V*/Ø - Vuc
Vus ≥ 225 / 0.75 - 389.02
Vus ≥ -89.02 kN
Vus = (Asv x fsy,f x dv / s) cot(ϴv )
Thus,
(Asv x fsy,f x dv / s) cot(ϴv ) ≥ -89.02 kN
( Asv / s ) x 500 x 849 ) cot ( 36) ≥ -89.02 kN
Asv / s ≥ -0.152 mm2/m

AS 3600: Clause 8.2.1.7, Minimum transverse shear reinforcement check;

Asv,min /s = 0.08√f'c bv / fsy,f
Asv,min /s = 0.08 x √32 x 600 / 500
Asv,min /s = 0.543 mm2/m
Thus,
Asv,req /s < Asv,min Initial assumption is Wrong, Check!

Stirrup legs at a section = 2

Thus, Asv, prov = 226 mm2
Req. stirrup spacing ≤ -1487 mm

Maximum Spacing, Smax = min{0.5 D , 300mm} = 300 mm (AS 3600 8.3.2.2)

Thus, Provide stirrups @ 250 mm

Consider Combined Shear and Bending ;

dn = (Astfsy)/(α2f'cγb) = 59.63 mm , ku = 0.07

ɛs = (d-dn)/dn * ɛcu = 0.04 ≥ ɛsy = 0.0025 ; Thus, Steel has yielded
Thus, Z = (d-γdn/2) = 806.55 mm ≤ 0.95d; Hence okay

Actual Stirrups Provided = Asv/s = 0.904 mm2/m

Vus = (Asv x fsy,f x dv / s) cot(ϴv ) = 528.20 kN

Determine additional longitudinal tension forces caused by shear; (AS 3600: Cl 8.2.7)
ΔFtd = cot(ϴv)(V* - 0.5ØVus)^0.5 ≥ 0
ΔFtd = 7.14 kN

R/f to resist total tension force; (AS3600: Cl 8.2.8.2)

Design Axial Load (N*) = 0 kN
Ttd = (M*/z + N*/2 + ΔFtd) = (500/0.807 + 0 + 7.14 ) = 627.06 kN

Reinforcement steel Required;

Ast = Ttd/Øfsy = 627.06/(0.85 x 500)= 1475.44 mm2 < As,prov ; Provided longitudinal r/f is adequate
 Torsion Design
Design Torsional Mom. (T*) = 320 kNm

(AS3600: Clause 8.2.1.2)

Torsional cracking moment (Tcr) = 0.33√f'c x (A2cp/uc) x √[1 + σcp/0.33√f'
Where, Acp = 600 x 900 = 540000 mm2
uc = 2 x (600 + 900) = 3000 mm
σcp = 0 (non - prestressed)
Thus,
Tcr = 181.45 kNm
320kNm > 0.25 x 0.75 x 181.45kNm ; Thus, Transverse shear reinforce

Equivalent factored shear force, V*eq (for solid sections) ;

V*eq =
Uh = 2 x (0.6 - 0.05 - 0.012 + (0.9 - 0.05 - 0.012 ) =
critical and the cross secti
V*eq =
V*eq =
For perpendicular shear reinforcement,
Ø Vu,max = 2878 kN
(AS 3600: Cl8.2.4.1)
Consider Combined Shear and torsion ; (AS3600: Clause 8.2.2.3 (a))
√{[V*/bvdv]2 + [T*uh/(1.7A2oh)]2} =
52 mm2/m

3600 8.3.2.2)

< 0.36

00: Cl 8.2.7)

ded longitudinal r/f is adequate

 f'c x (A2cp/uc) x √[1 + σcp/0.33√f'c]

non - prestressed)

hus, Transverse shear reinforcement required

or solid sections) ;
√{(V*)2 + [0.9T*uh/(2Ao)]2}
- 0.05 - 0.012 ) = 2.752 m ; Ao = (0.6 - 0.05 - 0.012) x (0.9 - 0.05 - 0.012 ) = 0.451 m2

√ (225)^2 + (0.9 x 320 x 2.752 / (2 x 0.451))^2)

907.04 kN

(AS3600: Clause 8.2.2.3 (a))

Beam Design to AS 3600 - 2018
Design Information
b
Slab depth (h) = 0 mm
Beam width (b) = 1000 mm dn
Beam depth (D) = 250 mm
Main R/f dia = N 12 , 2-Layer - N 0 D d
Shear Link dia = N0
Cover = 70 mm
Conc. Grade (f'c) = 32 N/mm2 ɛs
AS 3600 Clause 3.1.1.3
Tensile st. of concrete (f'ctf) = 0.6√f'c = 3.39 N/mm2
Stirrup yield strength (fsy,f) = 500 N/mm2
Steel yield strength (fsy) = 500 N/mm2

Flexural Design
Design Moment (M*) = 11 kNm

Effective depth (d) = 174 mm dmin = 75.95 mm ; Effective depth is OK

Assume,
z= 0.85 d
Ø= 0.85

Ast,req = M*/(0.85dØfsy) = 175.00 mm2

Ast,Prov = 5 N 12 = 565.49 mm2

AS 3600 Clause 8.1.6.1

; Ast,min ≤ Ast, prov; hence, Min. R/f OK
Ast,min = [0.19 x (D/d)2 f'ctf/fsy]bwd = 463.28 mm2

AS 3600 Clause 8.1.3

α2 = 0.85 - 0.0015 f'c = 0.8

γ = 0.97 - 0.0025 f'c = 0.89

For C = T, dn = (Astfsy)/(α2f'cγb) = 12.41 mm , h < γdn; Thus consider a flange beam

kuo = dn/d = 0.071

AS 3600 Table 2.2.2

Ø= 0.85

Check whether steel has yielded;

ɛs = (d-dn)/dn * ɛcu = 0.039 ≥ ɛsy = 0.0025 ; Thus Assumption is Correct!

Thus, Z = (d-γdn/2) = 165.3 ≤ 0.95d; Hence okay

Taking moment about centroid of concrete stress block;

Ø Muo = Ø T z = Ø Ast*fsy*z = 0.85 x 565.49 x 500 x 165.3 x 10^-6 = 39.73 kNm

ØMuo ≥ M* ; Thus Section Ok!

Short Column
B= 0.4 m
L= 0.4 m
D= 0.4 m
400

N* = 10 kN <0.1f'cAg ; design cross section for bending

0.1f'cAg = 512 kN
 ɛcu α2f'c

γdn C = α2f'c bγdn

T = Astfsy

Shear Design
Design Shear (V*) = 23 kN

epth is OK Ø= 0.75 (AS 3600: Table 2.2.2)

AS 3600 Clause 8.2.4.3; Simplified method

ϴv = 36 0 αv = 90 0
dv = 180 (AS 3600: Cl 8.2.1.9)
d0 = 174

AS 3600: Clause 8.2.3.3

ce, Min. R/f OK

Vu,max = 0.55 {f'cbvdv[(cot(ϴv)+cot(αv)]/[1+cot2(ϴv)]}
Vu,max = 1506 kN
Ø Vu,max = 1130 kN ; V* < Ø Vu,max , Hence web crushing is not critical and the cross secti

Assume,
Asv,req /s ≥ Asv,min/s ; Then; Kv = 0.15

er a flange beam Concrete Contribution to shear strength, Vuc = kvbvdv√f'c

Vuc = 152.74 kN
Ø Vuc = 114.56 kN ≥ V* ; Hence Shear R/f not required

if(Required shear force resisted by stirrup, (AS 3600: Clause 8.2.5)

Vus ≥ V*/Ø - Vuc
Vus ≥ 23 / 0.75 - 152.74
Vus ≥ -122.07 kN
Vus = (Asv x fsy,f x dv / s) cot(ϴv )
Thus,
(Asv x fsy,f x dv / s) cot(ϴv ) ≥ -122.07 kN
( Asv / s ) x 500 x 174 ) cot ( 36) ≥ -122.07 kN
Asv / s ≥ -1.019 mm2/m

AS 3600: Clause 8.2.1.7, Minimum transverse shear reinforcement check;

Asv,min /s = 0.08√f'c bv / fsy,f
Asv,min /s = 0.08 x √32 x 1000 / 500
Asv,min /s = 0.905 mm2/m
Thus,
Asv,req /s < Asv,min Initial assumption is Wrong, Check!

Stirrup legs at a section = 1

Thus, Asv, prov = 0 mm2
Req. stirrup spacing ≤ 0 mm

Maximum Spacing, Smax = min{0.5 D , 300mm} = 125 mm (AS 3600 8.3.2.2)

Thus, Provide stirrups @ 100 mm

Consider Combined Shear and Bending ;

dn = (Astfsy)/(α2f'cγb) = 3.84 mm , ku = 0.02

ɛs = (d-dn)/dn * ɛcu = 0.133 ≥ ɛsy = 0.0025 ; Thus, Steel has yielded
Thus, Z = (d-γdn/2) = 165.30 mm ≤ 0.95d; Hence okay

Actual Stirrups Provided = Asv/s = 0.000 mm2/m

Vus = (Asv x fsy,f x dv / s) cot(ϴv ) = 0.00 kN

Determine additional longitudinal tension forces caused by shear; (AS 3600: Cl 8.2.7)
ΔFtd = cot(ϴv)(V* - 0.5ØVus)^0.5 ≥ 0
ΔFtd = 6.60 kN

R/f to resist total tension force; (AS3600: Cl 8.2.8.2)

Design Axial Load (N*) = 0 kN
Ttd = (M*/z + N*/2 + ΔFtd) = (11/0.165 + 0 + 6.6 ) = 73.15 kN

Reinforcement steel Required;

Ast = Ttd/Øfsy = 73.15/(0.85 x 500)= 172.12 mm2 < As,prov ; Provided longitudinal r/f is adequate
 Torsion Design
Design Torsional Mom. (T*) = 320 kNm

(AS3600: Clause 8.2.1.2)

Torsional cracking moment (Tcr) = 0.33√f'c x (A2cp/uc) x √[1 + σcp/0.33√f'
Where, Acp = 1000 x 250 = 250000 mm2
uc = 2 x (1000 + 250) = 2500 mm
σcp = 0 (non - prestressed)
Thus,
Tcr = 46.67 kNm
320kNm > 0.25 x 0.75 x 46.67kNm ; Thus, Transverse shear reinforcem

Equivalent factored shear force, V*eq (for solid sections) ;

V*eq =
Uh = 2 x (1 - 0.14 - 0 + (0.25 - 0.14 - 0 ) =
critical and the cross secti
V*eq =
V*eq =
For perpendicular shear reinforcement,
Ø Vu,max = 1130 kN
(AS 3600: Cl8.2.4.1)
Consider Combined Shear and torsion ; (AS3600: Clause 8.2.2.3 (a))
√{[V*/bvdv]2 + [T*uh/(1.7A2oh)]2} =
19 mm2/m

3600 8.3.2.2)

< 0.36

00: Cl 8.2.7)

ded longitudinal r/f is adequate

 3.333333

f'c x (A2cp/uc) x √[1 + σcp/0.33√f'c]

non - prestressed)

us, Transverse shear reinforcement required

or solid sections) ;
√{(V*)2 + [0.9T*uh/(2Ao)]2}
1.940 m ; Ao = (1 - 0.14 - 0) x (0.25 - 0.14 - 0 ) = 0.095 m2

√ (23)^2 + (0.9 x 320 x 1.94 / (2 x 0.095))^2)

###

(AS3600: Clause 8.2.2.3 (a))