COMPUTER SYSTEM
& DOS
Slides Prepared by: M. Talha
CCA Instructor GITT Millet Town
Faisalabad
COMPUTER SYSTEM
A complete, working computer. Computer
systems will include the computer along with
any software and hardware devices that are
necessary to make the computer function.
Every computer system, for example,
requires an operating system.
SOFTWARE
A set of instructions given to the computer to
solve a particular task.
TYPES OF SOFTWARE
Systems software
Setof programs that coordinates activities and
functions of the hardware and various other
programs
Application software
Programs that help users solve particular
computing problems
TYPES OF SYSTEM SOFTWARE
Operating Systems
Utility Programs :Help to perform maintenance
or correct problems within a computer system
Utility software usually focuses on how the
computer infrastructure (including the computer
hardware, operating system, application
software and data storage) operates.
Common types of utility programs:
Hardware utilities
Virus-detection and recovery utilities
File-compression utilities
Spam and pop-up blocker utilities
TYPES OF APPLICATION
SOFTWARE
Customized software: one-of-a-kind
program for a specific application, usually
developed and owned by a single company
Universal Software: existing software
program that is purchased or freely
downloaded from internet.
is the software which allows users to do
things like creating text documents, playing
games, listening to music or viewing
websites.
Operating
Application and
software systems
software
Users
Hardware
OPERATING SYSTEM
An operating system (OS) is system software
that manages computer hardware and
software resources and provides common
services for computer programs.
The operating system is an essential
component of the system software in a
computer system.
TYPES OF OPERATING SYSTEM
There are many different kinds of operating
systems
Window OS (92,98,2000,xp,Vista,win-7,8,10)
Disk operating System (Command Based)
Unix
Linux
Fedora etc
WINDOWS
A family of operating
systems developed and
produced by Microsoft
Corp. It provides a
software graphical user
interface (GUI) used on
IBM and compatible
computers.
EXAMPLE OF WINDOWS (GUI)
INTRODUCTION TO DOS
Disk Operating System
This software connects the hardware with the
programs you want to run.
MS-DOS:
Microsoft DOS (Disk Operating System) is a
command line user interface. MS-DOS 1.0 was
released in 1981 for IBM computers.
EXAMPLE OF MS-DOS
COMMANDS
There are two types of Commands in MS DOS.
InternalCommands
External Commands
INTERNAL COMMANDS
Internal Commands are automatically loaded into the
computer memory when you switch on the computer. They
do not exist in the form of file in the directory for
example
DIR (Disk Information Report)
CLS (Clear Screen)
MD (Make Directory)
CD (Change Directory)
COPY
CD..
RD (Remove Directory)
DEL (Delete)
REN (Rename)
Move(cut)
EXAMPLE
Type Date in CMD to change date
Type Time in CMD to change time.
EXTERNAL COMMANDS
External Commands are actually small utility
programs. They are not loaded automatically into
the memory but must exist in the form of file for
example.
Edit (can edit files upto 65279 lines approx size 5
mb)
Attrib (change and view the attributes of one or more
fileATTRIB [+R|-R] [+A|-A] [+S|-S] [+H|-H][drive:]
[path][filename] )
Prompt
Label
Tree
Chkdsk (check disk)
CHECK DISK
LABEL
The archive attribute of files was invented so
that backup programs could determine
whether a file had been changed since the
last time it was backed up. The OS marks the
archive bit ("archive me") when a file is
changed, and the backup program clears it
after the file has been archived.
SWITCHES
A switch modifies the way MS-DOS carries out a command.
Generally, a switch consists of a forward slash (/) that is
followed by one or more letters or numbers
o /W: Displays the listing in wide format, with as many
as five filenames or directory names on each line. Up to
100 file see at one page
o /P : Pause at every page to see max 20 files at screen
o /S : Also look in subdirectories
o /B : Uses bare format (no heading information or
summary) only file directory
o > [drive:][path]filename : To Store Result in a text
file.
EXAMPLES
Dir *.ext to find a fles with specific
extension.
