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AIR POLLUTION CONTROL AND AI APPLICATIONS
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- 3. LEARNING OBJECTIVES: 1. Describethe function and application of air pollution control devices such as scrubbers, electrostatic precipitators, and baghouses. 2. Explain pollution prevention strategies employed by industries to reduce air emissions and environmental impact. 3. Discuss the use of artificial intelligence in air quality forecasting and source apportionment. 4. Analyze how AI can be utilized to optimize emission control systems for improved efficiency and compliance.
- 4. What is AirPollution? Air pollution is when the air gets dirty because of harmful substances. • Smoke from factories and vehicles • Burning garbage or wood • Dust and chemicals in the air
- 5. These pollutants canmake it hard to breathe, cause sickness, and harm the environment. • People may get coughs, asthma, or other lung problems. • Plants and animals can be affected. • It can even damage buildings and make the sky look hazy. In simple terms: Air pollution is dirty air that can hurt people, animals, and nature.
- 6. Control means havingthe power to guide or manage something. In simple terms: Control is when you make sure things go the way you want.
- 7. IMPORTANCE OF AIR POLLUTIONCONTROL AND EMERGING ROLE OF AI Air pollution control is vital for protecting human health from diseases like asthma and heart conditions and maintaining ecosystem health, and Artificial Intelligence (AI) is increasingly crucial by enabling real-time monitoring, predictive modeling of pollution events, personalized exposure insights, optimizing control strategies, and aiding data-driven policy decisions through sophisticated analysis of complex data sets.
- 8. IMPORTANCE OF AIR POLLUTIONCONTROL AND EMERGING ROLE OF AI Public Health Environmenta l Protection Economic Impact
- 10. EMERGING ROLE OFAI IN AIR POLLUTION CONTROL Enhanced Monitoring and Prediction Data-Driven Decision Making Improved Strategies and Solutions
- 11. EMERGING ROLE OFAI IN AIR POLLUTION CONTROL Personalized Insights Efficiency in Industries
- 12. AIR POLLUTION CONTROL DEVICES OVERVIEW Airpollution control devices (APCDs) reduce emissions by capturing particulate matter or neutralizing gaseous pollutants, functioning through methods like filtration, gravitational settlement, centrifugal force, electrostatic attraction, absorption, adsorption, or combustion.
- 13. TYPES AND FUNCTIONS OF CONTROL DEVICES DryScrubbers Scrubbers Gaseous Pollutant Control Devices These devices target harmful gases, such as sulfur dioxide and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Wet Scrubbers Adsorbers Catalytic Converters /Reactors
- 14. TYPES AND FUNCTIONS OF CONTROL DEVICES ParticulateMatter (PM) Control Devices These devices remove solid particles from exhaust gases. Electrostatic Precipitators (ESPs) Baghouses (Fabric Filters)
- 15. SCRUBBE RS Use liquid (wetscrubbers) or dry reagents (dry scrubbers) to absorb or neutralize gaseous pollutants. Example: Use in coal-fired power plants
- 16. WET SCRUBBERS Wet scrubber isan air pollution control device that uses a liquid, most commonly water, to remove pollutants from industrial exhaust gas streams Example: Chemical manufacturing
- 17. DRY SCRUBBERS Dry scrubbers areused mainly to remove acid gases from combustion sources. This task is done in three steps: gas cooling, reagent injection, and filtering. Example: Waste incineration
- 18. An "adsorber" isa piece of equipment or a material that uses the process of adsorption to separate a substance (the adsorbate) from a gas or liquid by adhering it to the surface of the adsorber material (the adsorbent). ADSORBERS Example: Use in coal-fired power plants
- 19. A catalytic converteris a type of catalytic reactor used in vehicles to transform harmful exhaust gases into less harmful ones through chemical reactions catalyzed by precious metals. CATALYTIC CONVERTERS/REACT ORS
- 20. An Electrostatic Precipitator (ESP)is a device that removes fine particles like dust and ash from industrial gas streams using electrostatic force Example: Cement industry ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATORS (ESPS)
- 21. Baghouses, or fabricfilters, are air pollution control devices that use fabric bags, cartridges, or envelopes to capture particulate matter from industrial exhaust gases, achieving high collection efficiencies of over 99%. Example: Metal processing plants BAGHOUSES (FABRIC FILTERS)
- 22. OVERVIEW OF POLLTION PREVENTION STRATEGIES Pollution preventionstrategies for industries focus on reducing waste and emissions at the source rather than treating them after they are created.
- 23. KEY STRATEGIES INDUSTRIESCAN ADOPT: Source Reduction Equipment and Technology Upgrades Green Chemistry Good Housekeeping Practices Recycling and Reuse Sustainable Facility Design Environmental Management Systems (EMS)
- 25. AI FOR AIR QUALITY FORECASTING ANDSOURCE APPORTIONM
- 26. AI FOR AIRQUALITY FORECASTING AI models can predict air pollution levels hours or days in advance, helping authorities and the public take preventive actions.
- 27. • Machine learningmodels (e.g., Random Forest, LSTM) trained on historical air quality data, weather patterns, and traffic data to forecast PM2.5 or NO₂ levels. • Deep learning used in smart cities to provide real- time air quality alerts via mobile apps. • Satellite data integration with AI to predict pollution spread across regions. EXAMPLES
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- 29. AI FOR SOURCEAPPORTIONMENT AI helps identify and quantify pollution sources (e.g., traffic, industry, biomass burning) contributing to air quality degradation.
- 30. • Unsupervised learning(e.g., clustering algorithms) to group pollution data and infer sources. • Neural networks trained on chemical composition data to estimate contributions from different sources. • Hybrid models combining AI with receptor models like Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) for more accurate source identification. EXAMPLES
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- 32. AI FOR OPTIMIZINGEMISSION CONTROL SYSTEMS AI can enhance the efficiency of pollution control technologies and industrial processes.
- 33. • Predictive maintenanceusing AI to detect faults in emission control equipment (e.g., scrubbers, filters). • Reinforcement learning to dynamically adjust industrial operations to minimize emissions. • AI-driven automation in smart factories to optimize fuel use and reduce pollutant output. EXAMPLES
- 34. Local AI AirQuality Forecasting Cavite cities use AI and symbolic regression to forecast air quality, identifying CO, O₃, and PM10 as main pollutants. Cleanest Air in Tagaytay Tagaytay consistently shows the cleanest air among Cavite cities based on AI forecasting results. National AI Weather Initiative The AI-4RP project provides high-resolution weather forecasts tailored to Philippine climate through DOST- PAGASA and Atmo Inc. collaboration. Public Health and Disaster Preparedness AI-based forecasts help enhance public health protection and improve disaster readiness across the Philippines. AI FORECASTING IN CAVITE AND NATIONAL INITIATIVES
- 35. Air Quality SourceIdentification The program uses source apportionment and dispersion modeling to identify pollution sources like traffic, combustion, and industry. IoT-based Monitoring System An IoT system with low-cost sensors collects spatiotemporal air quality data for source-receptor analysis in Metro Manila. Community and Policy Impact Data from these systems supports community awareness, policy evaluation, and urban planning for cleaner air. SOURCE APPORTIONMENT IN METRO MANILA
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Editor's Notes
- #36 DOAS can refer to two distinct systems: a Dedicated Outdoor Air System (DOAS) which is an HVAC solution that provides filtered fresh air to a building to improve indoor air quality, or a Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (DOAS) system, which is a remote sensing instrument that measures air pollutants like NO₂, SO₂, and O₃ by analyzing how they absorb light. Purpose in air pollution:This system is used to monitor the distribution and concentration of gases and aerosols, such as SO₂, NO₂, and ozone, in the atmosphere. Continuous Ambient Monitoring Station, a local-level air quality measurement unit. Continuous Ambient Monitoring Stations are ground-based facilities that measure air quality in real-time. They are operated by environmental agencies and are used for local and regional air quality management