INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER PROGRAMMING

INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER PROGRAMMING

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  COMPUTER PROGRAMMING Imtiaz Ali
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  INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTERPROGRAMMING 1) Decisions in C, simple if, if-else, else if and switch statement, Nested if and switch. 2) Manual expression to Computer Expressions 3) Operators, Arithmetic and Arithmetic assignment operators
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  Decisions in C Clanguage needs decisions be taken for desired results which are below • simple if • if-else • else if • switch
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  Simple if Syntax if(condition) statement if-else Syntax if(condition) Statement else statement
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  else if Syntax if(condition) statement else if(condition) statement elseif(condition) statement else if(condition) Statement else Statement
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  Switch statement Switch statementcan be used instead of simple if, if else and else if Syntax int x; x=value; switch( x) { case 1: case 2: case 3: default: }
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  Nested if andNested switch statement • If can be nested • If condition inside if • Switch can be nested, which means switch inside switch Syntax if(condition) { if(condition) printf(“Ok”); }
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  int x=value; int y=value; switch(x) { case1: switch(y) { case 1: case 2: case 3: default } case 2: case 3: default: }
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  Manual expression tocomputer based expressions
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  Operators • Operators arewords or symbols that cause a program to do something to variables. • For example, the arithmetic operators (+) and (-) cause a program to add or subtract two numbers. • Many different kind of operators • + Addition • - Subtraction • * Multiplication • / Division • % Remainder
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  Fahrenheit to CelsiusTemperature conversion #include<stdio.h> void main(void) { int ftemp,ctemp; pritnf((“Type temperature in degree fahrenheit”); scanf((“%d”,&ftemp); ctemp=(ftemp-32)*5/9; printf(“Temperature in degree Celsius is %d”,ctemp); }
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  Celsius to FahrenheitTemperature conversion #include<stdio.h> void main(void) { int ftemp,ctemp; pritnf((“Type temperature in degree fahrenheit”); printf(“Temperature in degree Celsius is %d”,ctemp); }
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  Operator Precedence • Wehave parenthesis around (ftemp-32) known as precedence. • The fact (*) abd (/) are evaluated before(+) and(-). • We say that (*) and (/) has higher precedence than (+) and (-). Remainder Operator • Remainder operator(sometimes called modulor operator) may be unfamiliar to you. • It is used to find remainder when one number is divided by another • For example answer=13%5 value is 3
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  Expressions versus Variables Days=years*365; voidmain(void) { int num=2; printf(“Number plus four is”,num+4); }
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  Arithmetic Assignment Operator Syntax: Arithmeticop= • += (Addition Assignment Operator) • -= (Subtraction Assignment Operator) • *= (Multiplication Assignment Operator) • /= (Division Assignment Operator) • %= (Remainder Assignment Operator) • a+=1 is same as=> a=a+1 • a-=1 is same as=> a=a-1 • a*=1 is same as=> a=a*1 • a/=1 is same as=> a=a/1 • a%=1 is same as a=a%1
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  Increment, Decrement Operators +=,-=,++,-- +=(AdditionAssigment Operator) It is also known as increment operator Syntax: variable+=value; variable=variable+value -=(Subtraction Assigment Operator) It is also known as decrement operator Syntax: Variable-=value; variable=variable-value
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  • Postfix incrementand Postfix decrement Operator • Prefix increment and Prefix decrement Operator Op++ • It is postfix increment operator ++Op • It is prefix increment operator Op-- • It is postfix decrement operator --Op • It is prefix decrement operator