Introduction to mongodb

Introduction to MongoDB
Dr.A.Neela Madheswari,
Associate Professor,
Dept. of Computer Science and Engg,
Mahendra Engineering College,
Namakkal.
01/06/19 Introduction to MongoDB 1

2
Contents

MongoDB and Big Data

What is mongodb?

NoSQL

Where to use MongoDB?

Comparison of RDBMS & MongoDB

Database, Collection, Document

Installing MongoDB

Few commands and data types in MongoDB

Essential commands with screen shots
01/06/19 Introduction to MongoDB

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MongoDB and Big Data
What makes data big?
Today data is being collected from different sources
and warehoused to perform analysis.
Different sources of data
Web data, E-commerce
Purchases at different stores
Bank/Credit card transactions
Social Network media
Every day 2.5 quintillion (10 to power of 18)bytes of
data generated.
90% of data we have today has been generated
from last two years01/06/19 Introduction to MongoDB

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Who is generating Big data?

5
Walmart handles more than 1 million customer
transactions every hour
Facebook handles 40 billion photos from its user base
Decoding the human genome originally took 10 years
to process; now it can be achieved in one week

6
What is Hadoop?
Flexible architecture for large scale computation
and data processing on a network of
commodity hardware
Used for:
• Log processing
• Recommendation systems
• Analytics
• Video and image analysis
• Data retention
• etc

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MongoDB in Hadoop

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What is mongodb?

Document oriented database that provides
− High performance
− High availability
− Easy scalability

Open source

Leading NoSQL database

Written in C++

Creator: 10gen

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Non-relational data store
Does not store data in table
Stores data as a BSON document
BSON – Binary form of JSON
Stores data as a collection of key-value pair
Schema less
It means collection can have documents with
different shapes. Example:
• { “a”: 1, “b”: 2},
• {“a”: 1}

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NoSQL
Not only SQL
Non-relational, distributed, open-source and
horizontally scalable
Started in 2009 and growing rapidly
Characteristics:
Schema-free
Store huge amount of data
Currently more than 156 NoSQL databases

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NoSQL Databases categories

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Where to use mongodb?

Big data

Content management and Delivery

Mobile and Social Infrastructure

User data management

Data Hub

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Comparison of RDBMS & MongoDB
RDBMS Mongodb
Database Database
Table Collection
Tuple/Row Document
Column Field
Database Server and Client
Mysqld/Oracle mongod
mysql/sqlplus mongo

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Database

Database is a physical container for
collections.

Each database gets its own set of files on
the file system.

A single MongoDB server has multiple
databases.

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Collection

Collection is a group of MongoDB
documents.

It is the equivalent of an RDBMS table.

A collection exists within a single
database.

Collections do not enforce a schema.

Documents within a collection can have
different fields.

Typically, all documents in a collection are
of similar or related purpose.

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Document

A document is a set of key-value pairs.

Documents have dynamic schema.

Dynamic schema means that:
– documents in the same collection do not
need to have the same set of fields or
structure
– common fields in a collection's documents
may hold different types of data.

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Installing mongodb

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Steps for installing mongodb
1. Downloading the software and installing in
our system
2. Configuring system environment
3. Running mongodb

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1. Downloading the software and installing in
our system

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1. download the mongodb software i.e. msi file from the url
below:
https://www.mongodb.com/download-center#community
the downloaded software is: mongodb-win32-x86_64-
2008plus-ssl-3.2.10-signed.msi
2. Double click the .msi file to install.
3. Select Next button in Setup dialog box.
4. Accept the terms and conditions and select Next button.
5. Select setup type as Complete and click Next button.
6. Click Install button and then select Finish button.
7. Now a folder is created in the system with path:
C:Program FilesMongoDBServer3.2bin

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2. Configuring system environment

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1. MongoDB needs data directory to store all data. The
default path for data directory is: C:datadb
Hence create a folder with path as: C:datadb
2. Set the system environment path variable by right click
the My Computer or This PC icon on the Desktop ->
Select Advanced system settings -> Select Environment
variables -> In the system variables, select Path -> Click
Edit button -> Add the path at the end as: ;C:Program
FilesMongoDBServer3.2bin;
3. Now we can execute MongoDB commands at any path in
our system

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3. Running mongodb

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1. Go to cmd prompt and type as: mongod
Now the mongodb server has been started
on port 27017
2. Open another cmd prompt and type as:
mongo
Now we connected with mongodb server
with the database named test

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Commands - Help
To get commands, type as db.help() in client

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Mongodb Statistics
To get statistics about mongodb, type the
command db.stats() in client

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MongoDB Data types
S.No Data type Explanation
1 String String in MongoDB must be UTF-8
2 Integer Integer can be 32 bit or 64 bit depending upon our
server
3 Boolean To store values (true/false)
4 Double Store floating point values
5 Min/Max
keys
Used to compare a value against the lowest and
highest BSON elements
6 Arrays Used to store arrays or list or multiple values
7 Timestamp For recording when the document has been modified
8 Object Used for embedded documents
9 Null Used to store a Null value
10 Symbol Used to specify symbol type
11 Date Used to store current date or time in UNIX time format
12 Object ID Used to store document's ID
13 Binary data Used to store binary data
14 Code Used to store javascript code into the document
15 Regular
Expression
Used to store regular expression

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Essential Commands
1. Database
a) Create Database
b) Delete Database
2. Collection
a) Create collection
b) Drop collection
3. Document
a) Insert document
b) Query document
c) Update document
d) Remove document

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1.a) Create Database
Syntax:
use database_name
Example:
>use mydb
switched to db mydb
To check currently selected database, use the command db
>db
mydb

42
To check the databases list, use the
command show dbs
>show dbs

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The databases mydb and test are not listed
To display the database, we need to insert
atleast one document into it.
In Mongodb, the default database is test.
If we dont create any database, the
collections will be stored in test database

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1.b) Delete Database
Syntax:
db.dropDatabase()
Example:
>use mydb
switched to db mydb
>db.dropDatabase()
>{ “dropped” : “mydb” , “ok” : 1 }
>

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2.a) Create Collection
Syntax:
db.createCollection(name, options)
Parameter Type Description
name String Name of the collection to be
created
options Document (optional) specify options
about memory size and
indexing

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2.b) Drop collection
Syntax:
db.collection_name.drop()

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3.a) Insert document
Syntax:
db.collection_name.insert(document)

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We can store multiple documents also at the
same time using insert() command like the
following.

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3.b) Query document
To query from MongoDB collection, we need
to use find() method.
Syntax:
db.collection_name.find()
This will display all the documents in a non-
structured way.

52
To display the results in a formatted way,
pretty method is used.
Syntax:
db.collection_name.find().pretty()

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To return only one document, we have
findOne() method.
Syntax:
db.collection_name.findOne()
This will display the first document in the
given collection.

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3.c) Update document
The update() method is used to update the
values in the existing document.
Syntax:
db.collection_name.update(selection criteria,
updated data)
In the given example, the title is changed from 'MongoDB
Overview' to 'New MongoDB Tutorial' for title field.
By default, MongoDB will update only a single document. To
update multiple documents, we need to set a parameter
'multi' to true.01/06/19 Introduction to MongoDB

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3.d) Remove document
remove() method is used to remove a
document from the collection.
Syntax:
db.collection_name.remove(deletion_criteria)
We can use deletion_criteria or justOne.
Both the values usage are optional only.
All the documents satisfying the given
criteria will be deleted.

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Across:
5. Used to find one document from given collection (7)
8. One of the NoSQL databases (7)
9. Database creation command (3)
10. Similar to table in MongoDB (10)
Down:
1. Mongodb server satrted with this port number (5)
2. Column family stores (5)
3. Set of key value pairs (8)
4. JavaScript Object Notation (4)
6. Not only SQL (5)
7. To get commands details (9)
11. Default database opened in MongoDB (4)01/06/19 Introduction to MongoDB

Online execution of queries
https://www.jdoodle.com/online-mongodb-terminal
01/06/19 Introduction to MongoDB 63

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Thank You

Introduction to mongodb

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