Public_Key_Cryptography_Diagram_Presentation.pptx

Public_Key_Cryptography_Diagram_Presentation.pptx

• 1.
  Public Key Cryptography Algorithms:Securing Digital Communication Practical Demo Session Your Name | Date
• 2.
  The Problem We'reSolving • Symmetric cryptography requires shared secret keys • How do two parties securely share a key over insecure channel? • Analogy: Sending a locked box without sharing the key first • Birth of asymmetric cryptography in 1970s
• 3.
  Public Key Cryptography Fundamentals •Two mathematically related keys: Public & Private • Public key: freely distributed, used for encryption • Private key: kept secret, used for decryption • Based on one-way mathematical functions • Encryption/Decryption flow → Diagram
• 4.
  Sender Receiver Encrypt (Public Key) Decrypt(Private Key)
• 5.
  RSA Algorithm -The Pioneer • RSA (1977) – Rivest, Shamir, Adleman • Mathematical foundation: product of large primes • Key Generation: choose p, q → n = p×q; choose e, compute d • Security basis: factoring large numbers is hard • Still widely used, but requires 2048+ bit keys
• 6.
  Elliptic Curve Cryptography(ECC) • More efficient alternative to RSA • Mathematical foundation: elliptic curves over finite fields • Smaller keys, same security (256-bit ECC ≈ 3072-bit RSA) • Popular curves: secp256r1, Curve25519 • Applications: Mobile, IoT, cryptocurrencies
• 7.
  Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange •Purpose: Establish shared secret over insecure channel • Mathematical basis: Discrete logarithm problem • Steps: Agree on parameters → exchange public values → compute secret • Analogy: Color mixing example • Modern variants: ECDH
• 8.
  Post-Quantum Cryptography • Quantumthreat: could break RSA/ECC • Timeline: 10–30 years • New problems: lattice-based, hash-based, code-based cryptography • NIST standardization in progress
• 9.
  Real-World Applications • HTTPS/TLS(web browsing security) • Digital Signatures (software, email) • Cryptocurrency transactions • Messaging Apps (Signal, WhatsApp) • VPNs (secure remote access) • Code Signing (app stores)
• 10.
  Current Challenges & Considerations •Performance trade-offs: Security vs speed • Key management: secure storage/distribution • Implementation attacks: side-channel, timing • Hybrid approaches: combine symmetric + asymmetric • Regulatory issues: compliance/export controls
• 11.
  Future Outlook &Conclusion • Quantum transition: move to post-quantum • Emerging applications: IoT, blockchain evolution • Research areas: homomorphic encryption, zero-knowledge proofs • Key takeaway: public key cryptography is fundamental • Questions?