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Selenium - Introduction
Selenium is an open source tool for automating web application testing across browsers. It supports recording and playback of test cases and has several components including Selenium IDE, Selenium Remote Control, WebDriver, and Selenium Grid. WebDriver is the successor to Remote Control and allows controlling the browser at the OS level. Tests can be written in various programming languages and are used mainly for regression testing.
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Selenium - Introduction
- 1. Selenium ﺎَﻧَﺗْﻣﱠﻠَﻋ ﺎَﻣ ﱠﻻِإﺎَﻧَﻟ َمْﻠِﻋ َﻻ َكَﻧﺎَﺣْﺑُﺳَكﱠﻧِإُمﯾِﻛَﺣْﻟا ُمﯾِﻠَﻌْﻟا َﻧتَأ By: Ahmad Naoum
- 2. Why Automated Testing? ManualTesting Automated Testing Manual testing requires human intervention for test execution. Automation Testing is use of tools to execute test cases Manual testing will require skilled labor, long time & will imply high costs. Automation Testing saves time, cost and manpower. Once recorded, it's easier to run an automated test suite Any type of application can be tested manually, certain testing types like ad-hoc and monkey testing are more suited for manual execution. Automated testing is recommended only for stable systems and is mostly used for Regression Testing. Manual testing can be become repetitive and boring. The boring part of executing same test cases time and again, is handled by automation software in Automation Testing.
- 3. What is Selenium •Selenium is a free (open source) automated testing suite for web applications across different browsers and platforms.
- 4. Selenium Components • SeleniumIntegrated Development Environment (IDE) • Selenium Remote Control (RC) • WebDriver • Selenium Grid
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- 6. Who developed Selenium? •Selenium was originally developed by Jason Huggins in 2004 • He named this program as the "JavaScriptTestRunner.“ • He made JavaScriptRunner open-source which was later re-named as Selenium Core.
- 7. The Same OriginPolicy Issue
- 8. History of Selenium •In 2004, Paul Hammant developed Selenium Remote Control (Selenium RC) to solve the same origin policy issue. This system became known as the Selenium Remote Control or Selenium 1. • In 2008, Philippe Hanrigou made Selenium Grid, allowing running of multiple Selenium tests concurrently on any number of local or remote systems, thus minimizing test execution time.
- 9. History of SeleniumCont. • In 2006, Shinya Kasatani of Japan created Selenium IDE, a Firefox extension that can automate the browser through a record-and- playback feature. • In 2006, Simon Stewart created WebDriver, which was the first cross-platform testing framework that could control the browser from the OS level. • In 2008, the whole Selenium Team decided to merge WebDriver and Selenium RC to form a more powerful tool called Selenium 2.
- 10. Why the NameSelenium?
- 11. Important Notes • SeleniumWebDriver is termed as the successor of Selenium RC which has been deprecated. • The Selenium IDE for Firefox stopped working after the Firefox 55 upgrade and will be no longer maintained.
- 12. Components Summary • SeleniumIDE, a Firefox add-on that you can only use in creating relatively simple test cases and test suites. • Selenium Remote Control, also known as Selenium 1, which is the first Selenium tool that allowed users to use programming languages in creating complex tests. • WebDriver, the newer breakthrough that allows your test scripts to communicate directly to the browser, thereby controlling it from the OS level. • Selenium Grid is also a tool that is used with Selenium RC to execute parallel tests across different browsers and operating systems. • Selenium RC and WebDriver was merged to form Selenium 2.
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- 15. Some WebDriver Methods MethodDescription void get(String url) Load a new web page in the current browser window. String getTitle() The title of the current page. WebElement findElement(By by) Find the first WebElement using the given method. void close() Close the current window, quitting the browser if it's the last window currently open. void quit() Quits this driver, closing every associated window. WebDriver.Navigation navigate() An abstraction allowing the driver to access the browser's history and to navigate to a given URL.
- 16. Some WebElement Methods MethodDescription void click() Click this element. void sendKeys(CharSequence... keysToSend) The title of the current page. String getText() Get the visible (i.e. not hidden by CSS) innerText of this element. isEnabled() Is the element currently enabled or not? This will generally return true for everything but disabled input elements. void clear() If this element is a text entry element, this will clear the value.
- 17. Gecko Driver • Thisprogram provides the HTTP API described by the WebDriver protocol to communicate with Gecko browsers, such as Firefox. • Gecko Driver Download https://github.com/mozilla/geckodriver
- 18. Selenium First ProjectWebpage
- 19. Create Project andAdd Libraries 1. Install JDK http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javas e/downloads/jdk8-downloads-2133151.html 2. Install Eclipse https://www.eclipse.org/downloads/ 3. Create a Java Project in Eclipse 4. Add Selenium jars https://www.seleniumhq.org/download/ 5. Add Gecko Driver
- 20. Project Implementation Steps 1.Create Project and Add Libraries 2. Launching a Browser Session 3. Read Test Cases From File 4. Run Test Case 5. Validate Output 6. Save Testing Results in File
- 21. References • SeleniumHQ https://www.seleniumhq.org/ • SeleniumWebDriver Java API Docs https://seleniumhq.github.io/selenium/docs/api/java/ • GURU99 Selenium Tutorial https://www.guru99.com/selenium-tutorial.html • GURU99 Manual testing Tutorial https://www.guru99.com/manual-testing.html • Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selenium_%28software %29
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