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Microprocessor: Surya Prakash Pandey 1702921128

The document describes the 6 operating modes of the 8254 microprocessor timer/counter chip. Mode 0 is for event counting and generates an interrupt when the counter reaches zero. Mode 1 generates a one-shot pulse triggered by an external signal. Mode 2 acts as a frequency divider where the output frequency is the input frequency divided by the count value. Mode 3 generates a square wave where the on and off times are determined by the count value. Mode 4 is triggered software to toggle the output at the end of counting. Mode 5 is triggered by an external signal to toggle the output after the count expires.

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32 views1 page

Microprocessor: Surya Prakash Pandey 1702921128

The document describes the 6 operating modes of the 8254 microprocessor timer/counter chip. Mode 0 is for event counting and generates an interrupt when the counter reaches zero. Mode 1 generates a one-shot pulse triggered by an external signal. Mode 2 acts as a frequency divider where the output frequency is the input frequency divided by the count value. Mode 3 generates a square wave where the on and off times are determined by the count value. Mode 4 is triggered software to toggle the output at the end of counting. Mode 5 is triggered by an external signal to toggle the output after the count expires.

Uploaded by

Surya Prakash Pandey
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Microprocessor

Surya Prakash Pandey


1702921128

Q1-
Operating Modes of 8254:
1. Mode 0 (Interrupt on Terminal Count) – Mode 0 is typically used for event
counting. After the Control Word is written, OUT is initially low, and will remain
low until the counter reaches zero it is decremented by 1 after every clock
cycle. OUT then goes high and remains high until a new count or a new Mode 0
Control Word is written into the counter. GATE = 1 enables counting, GATE = 0
disables counting.
2. Mode 1 (Hardware Retriggreable One Shot) – OUT will be initially high.
OUT will go low on the CLK pulse following a trigger to begin the one-shot
pulse, and will remain low until the counter reaches zero.
3. Mode 2 (Rate Generator) – Initially value of OUT is low. When counting is
enabled, it becomes high and this process repeats periodically. Value of count
= Input Frequency / Output Frequency. This mode works as a frequency
divider.
4. Mode 3 (Square Wave Generator) – Counting is enabled when GATE = 1
and disabled when GATE = 0. This mode is used to generate square waveform
and time period (equal to count) is generated.
If N is count and is even then ontime of wave = N/2 and offtime = N/2
If N is odd the ontime = (N + 1) / 2 and offtime = (N – 1) / 2
5. Mode 4 (Software Triggered Strobe) – In this mode counting is enabled by
using GATE = 1 and disabled by GATE = 0. Initially value of OUT is high and
becomes low when value of count is at last stage. Count is reloaded again for
subsequent clock pulse.
6. Mode 5 (Hardware Triggered Strobe) – OUT will initially be high. Counting is
triggered by a rising edge of GATE. When the initial count has expired, OUT will
go low for one clock pulse and then go high again. After writing the Control
Word and initial count, the counter will not be loaded until the clock pulse after a
trigger.

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