= 5 cm and ∠APS = 60°. Find the length of chord AB.
[CBSE Delhi 2016]
1. In Fig. 8.42, AP and BP are tangents to a circle with centre O, such that AP
and ∠APB = 60°
Ans: PA = PB (Tangents from an external point are equal)
⇒ ∠PAB = ∠PBA = 60°
∴ ΔPAB is an equilateral triangle.
Hence AB = PA = 5 cm.
2. In the figure, the radius of the circle of DABC of area 84 cm2 is 4 cm and the
lengths of the segments AP and BP into which side AB is divided by the point
of contact P are 6 cm and 8 cm. Find the lengths of the sides AC and BC.
(CBSE 2017)
Ans: Given: area (∆ABC) = 84 cm 2
Radius of circle, r = OP = OQ = OR = 4 cm AP = 6 cm and BP = 8 cm
Now AP = AR = 6 cm [Q two tangents from an external point to a circle are equal]
Similarly, BP = BQ = 8 cm
and QC = RC = x (say)
AC = 6 + x
and BC = 8 + x
Now, area (∆ABC) = area (∆AOB) + area (∆BOC) + area (∆AOC)
⇒ 84 = 28 + (16 + 2x) + (12 + 2x)
⇒ 84 = 56 + 4x
⇒ 4x = 84 – 56
⇒ 4x = 28
⇒x=7
Hence, AC = 6 + 7 = 13 cm
and BC = 8 + 7 = 15 cm.
In figure, find the perimeter of ΔABC if AP =12 cm. (2020)
∴ BP = BD and CD = CQ -----(i)
Ans: As we know that tangents drawn from an external point are equal in length.
⇒ AB + BP = 12 cm and AC + CQ = 12 cm
Also, AP = AQ = 12 cm
⇒ AB + BD = 12 cm
AC + CD = 12 cm ...(iii) [Using (i)]
Now, perimeter of ΔABC = AB + BC + CA
= AB + BD + DC + AC
= 12 + 12 [Using (ii)]
= 24 cm
are inclined to each other at an angle of 80° then ∠AOB is equal to (2020)
In Figure, if tangents PA and PB from an external paint P to a circle with centre O
(a) 100°
(b) 60°
(c) 80°
(d) 50°
Ans: (a)
∠AOB + ∠OBP + ∠APB +∠OAP = 360°
In quadrilateral AOBP
⇒ ∠AOB + 90° + 90° + 80° = 360°
⇒ ∠AOB = 360° - 260° = 100°
In the given figure, QR is a common tangent to the given circles, touching externally
at the point T. The tangent at T meets QR at P If PT = 3.8 cm, then the length of
QR(in cm] is (2020)
(a) 3.8
(b) 7.6
(c) 5.7
(d) 1.9
Ans: (b)
It is known that the length of the tangents drawn from an external point to a circle are
∴ QP = PT= 3.8 cm and PR = PT = 3.8 cm
equal.
Now, QR = QP + PR = 3.8cm + 3.8cm = 7.6 cm
Q30: In the given figure, PT is a tangent at T to the circle with centre O. If ∠TPO =
25°, then x is equal to (2020)
(a) 25°
(b) 65°
(c) 90°
(d) 115°
Since ∠TPO = 25° and ∠OTP = 90°
x = ∠OTP + ∠TPO
= 90° + 25° = 115°
In figure, PQ is tangent to the circle with centre at O, at the point B. If ∠AOB = 100°,
[∵ Radius is perpendicular to the tangent T]
then ∠ABP is equal to (2020)
(a) 50°
(b) 40°
(c) 60°
(d) 80°
∠ AOB = 100°
Given that
So ∠ OAB = ∠ OBA = 40°
Since OA = OB
Since PQ is tangent on the circle. So OB is perpendicular to PQ.
∠ OBP = 90°
So,
∠ OBA + ∠ ABP = 90°
∠ ABP = 90 – ∠ OBA
∴ ∠ ABP = 90° – 40°
∴ ∠ ABP = 50°
such that PT = 4 cm and ∠TPS = 60°. Find the length of the chord TS. Also, find the
In the given figure, PT and PS are tangents to a circle with centre O, from a point P
radius of the circle. (2021)
Given TP and SP are tangents from an external point P.
∠PTS = ∠PST
PT = PS = 4 cm (v Tangents drawn from an external point to the circle are equal)
∠TPS = ∠PTS =∠PST = 60°
(∵ Angles opposite to equal sides are equal) In A TPS, by angle sum property
⇒ ΔTPS is an equilateral triangle.
∴ TP = PS = TS = 4 cm
∠OSP = 90º and ∠TSP = 60º
∴ ∠OSD = 30º
Prove that the angle between the two tangents drawn from an external point to a
circle is supplementary to the angle subtended by the line-segment joining the
points of contact at the centre. (2023)
Ans: Let PA and PB are two tangents on a circle from point P as shown in the figure.
Let is known that tangent to a circle is perpendicular to the radius through the point of
∠OAP =∠OBP = 90°
contact.
∠OAP + ∠APB + ∠PBO + ∠BOA = 360°
In quadrilateral AOBP,
90° + ∠APB + 90° + ∠BOA = 360° [Using (i)]
∠APB + ∠BOA = 360° - 180°
∴ ∠APB + ∠BOA = 180°
Hence proved.
∠OTA= 30o, then length of TA is (2023)
In the given figure. TA is a tangent to the circle with centre O such that OT = 4 cm,
(a) 2√3 cm
(b) 2cm
(c) 2√2 cm
(d) √3 cm
Draw OA ⊥ TA.
Ans: (a)
In ΔOTA ∠OAT = 90° [∵ Tangent to a circle is perpendicular to the radius passing
and ∠OTA = 30°
through the point of contact]
In the given figure, PQ is tangent to the circle centred at O. If ∠AOB = 95o, then
the measure of ∠ABQ will be (2023)
(a) 47.5°
(b) 42.5°
(c) 85°
(d) 95°
We have ∠AOB = 95°
Ans: (a)
In ΔAOB, ∠OAB = ∠OBA
Now, ∠OAB + 95° + ∠OBA =180° (Angle sum property of a triangle)
∴ ∠OAB = ∠OBA = 42.5° [From (i)]
∠OBQ = 90°
Now, OB is perpendicular to the tangent line PQ
So ∠OAB = ∠OBA
OA = OB (Radius of circle)
95 + 2x = 180 (Sum of angles of a triangle is 180)
2x = 85
∠ABQ = 90 - 42.5
=> x = 42.5
= 47.5
In the given figure, PT is a tangent at T to the circle with centre O. If ∠TPO = 25°, then
x is equal to:
(a) 25°
(b) 65°
(c) 90°
Ans: (d)
∴ ∠PTO = 90°
Since tangent is perpendicular to radius at the point of contact.
Hence, by the exterior angle formula, in ΔOTP, we getx = 90° + 25°
= 115
of radius 4 cm with centre O. If ∠QPR= 90°. then length of PQ is (2023)
In figure, from an external point P, two tangents PQ and PR are drawn to a circle
(a) 3 cm
(b) 4 cm
(c) 2 cm
(d) 2√2 cm
Ans: (b)
We know that tangent to a circle is ⊥ to radius at the point of contact. So, QQ⊥PQ and
Join OR.
QR ⊥ PR.
Also, ∠QPR = 90°
∠QQR - 360o - (90° + 90° + 90°)
Now, in quadrilateral OQPR,
= 90°
∴ PQQR is a square.
Also, PQ - PR [∵ Tangents drawn from an external point are equal)
Hence, PQ = OQ = 4 cm
tangent PR at P makes an angle of 50° with PQ, then the measure of ∠POQ is
Q9: In the given figure. O is the centre of the circle and PQ is the chord. If the
(2023)
(a) 50°
(b) 40°
(c) 100°
(d) 130°
Ans: (c)
So, ∠OPR = 90°
PR is tangent which touches circle at point P.
∠OPQ = 90° - ∠RPQ = 90° - 50° = 40°
In, ΔPOQ,
So, ∠OQP = ∠OPQ=40°
OP = OQ (Radii of circle)
⇒ ∠POQ = 180° - 40° - 40° = 100°
T. Prove that ∠PTQ = 2∠OPQ. (2023)
Two tangents TP and TQ are drawn to a circle with centre O from an external point
Ans: Since, tangents drawn from an external point are equal.
⇒ ∠TPQ= ∠TQP _(i)
TP = TQ
Angles opposite to equal sides are equal)
∠PTQ + ∠TQP + ∠TPQ = 180º
In ΔTPQ,
⇒ ∠PTQ + ∠TQP + ∠TPQ = 180º [Using (i)]
⇒ ∠PTQ + 2∠TPQ = 180º
⇒ ∠PTQ = 180º - 2∠TPQ ...(ii)
∴ ∠TPQ - 90° - ∠OPQ
Now, OPT = 90° (Tangent is perpendicular to the radius through the point of contact)
From (ii) and (iii), ∠PTQ = 180° - 2(90° - ∠OPQ)
= 180° - 180° + 2∠OPQ = 2∠OPQ
In Fig, AB is diameter of a circle centered at O. BC is tangent to the circle at B. If OP
bisects the chord AD and ∠AOP= 60°, then find m∠C. (2022)
Ans: Since, OP bisects the chord AD, therefore ∠OPA = 90° ....[∵ The line drawn
through the centre of a circle to bisect a chord is perpendicular to the chord]
∠A = 180° – 60° – 90°
Now, In ΔAOP,
= 120° – 90°
= 30°
Also, we know that the tangent at any point of a circle is perpendicular to the radius
∴ ∠ABC = 90°
through the point of contact
∠C = 180° – ∠A – ∠B
Now, In ΔABC,
= 180° – 30° – 90°
= 150° – 90°
= 60°
Q17: In Fig. XAY is a tangent to the circle centred at 0. If ∠ABO = 40°. Then find
∠BAY and ∠AOB (2022)
Ans:
Given, ∠ABO = 40°
∠XAO = 90° ...(Angle between radius and tangent)
⇒ ∠OAB = ∠OBA
OA = OB ...(Radii of same circle)
∴ ∠OAB = 40°
Now, applying the linear pair of angles property,
∠BAY + ∠OAB + ∠XAO = 180°
we get
⇒ ∠BAY + 40° + 90° = 180°
⇒ ∠BAY + 130° = 180°
⇒ ∠BAY = 180° – 130°
⇒ ∠BAY = 50°
∠AOB + ∠OAB + ∠OBA = 180°
Now, In ΔAOB,
or, ∠AOB + 40° + 40° = 180°
or, ∠AOB = 180° – 80° = 100°
Hence proved.
: In Figure, O is the centre of the circle. PQ and PR are tangent segments. Show
that the quadrilateral PQOR is cyclic. (2022)
Ans: Given: PQ and PR are tangents from an external point P.
To prove: PQOR is a cyclic quadri lateral.
∠ORP = 90° and ∠OQP = 90°
Proof OR and OQ are tlie radius of circle centred at O, and PR a ltd PQ are tangents.
∠OQP + ∠QOR + ∠ORP + ∠RPQ = 360°
In quadrilateral PQOR, we have
90° + ∠QOR + 90° + ∠RPQ = 360°
180° + ∠QOR + ∠RPQ = 360°
∠QOR + ∠RPQ = 360° - 180°
So, ∠O + ∠P = 180°
∠P and ∠O are opposite angles of quadrilateraI which are supplementary.
∴ PQOR is a cyclic quadrilateral.
Q22: In Figure O is centre of a circle of radius 5 cm. PA and BC are tangents to the
circle at A and B respectively. If OP = 13 cm. then find the length of tangents PA
and BC. (2022)
Ans:
Given, radius of circle =5cm
PA and BC are two tangent at point A and B
OP = 13 cm
Step1: OA is perpendicular on tangent AP (OA is radius of the circle)
In right angle triangle AOAP
⇒ (AP)2 = (OP)2 – (0A)2
(OP)2 = (OA)2 + (AP)2
⇒ (AP)2 = (13)2 - (5)2 = 169 - 25 = 144
AP = √144 = 12
AP = PA = 12 cm
Step 2: Let length of BC be x
But AC = BC= x (tangent from an external point)
So length of PC = 12 - x and PB = OP - OB = 13 - 58cm
OB is perpendicular on tangent CB , so ∠OBC = ∠CBP = 90 °
(OB is the radius and length of OP is given)
In right angle triangle ΔCBP
⇒ (12 - x)2 = (8)2 + (x)2
(CP)2 = (BP)2 + (BC)2
⇒ 144 - 2x + x2 = 64 + x2
⇒ 144 - 24x - 64 = 0
⇒ 80 - 24x = 0 ⇒ x = 80/24 = 3.33cm
Hence, the length of BC is 3.33 cm and PA is 12 cm
Q23: In fig. PQ is a chord of length 8 cm of a circle of radius 5 cm. The tangents at
P and Q meet at a point T. Find the length of TP. (2022)
Ans: In the given figure,
PQ = 8 cm and OP = 5 cm
OR ⊥ PQ and so, OR bisects PQ. [ ∵ Perpendicular drawn from the center to the chord
⇒ PR = RQ = 4 cm
bisects the chord]
In Δ POR ,
⇒ 52 = OR2 + 42
OP2 = OR2 + PR2
⇒ OR = 3 cm
∠ TOP = ∠ ROP [common]
In ΔTPO and ΔPRO,
and ∠ TPO = ∠ PRO [each 90º]
∴ Δ TPO and Δ PRO are similar. [by AAA Similarity]
[∵Tangents drawn from an external point to a circle are equal in length]
In the given figure, QR is a common tangent to the given circles, touching externally
at the point T. The tangent at T meets QR at P If PT = 3.8 cm, then the length of
QR(in cm] is (2020)
(a) 3.8
(b) 7.6
(c) 5.7
(d) 1.9
Ans: (b)
It is known that the length of the tangents drawn from an external point to a circle are
∴ QP = PT= 3.8 cm and PR = PT = 3.8 cm
equal.
Now, QR = QP + PR = 3.8cm + 3.8cm = 7.6 cm
Q38: The difference between the radii of the smaller circle and the larger circle is 7
cm and the difference between the areas of the two circles is 1078 sq. cm. Find the
radius of the smaller circle. [CBSE Delhi 2017 (C)]
Ans: Given: r2 - r1 = 7 (r2 > r1) ...(i)
(From equation (i))
..... (ii)
Adding (i) and (ii), we get
⇒ r2 = 28 cm
2r2 = 56
∴ Radius of simaller circle = 21 cm.
Also, r1 = 21 cm (From equation (i))
centre O. If ∠PAB = 50°, then find ∠AOB.
Q49: From an external point P, tangents PA and PR are drawn to a circle with
[CBSE Delhi 2016]
Ans: ∵ PA = PB ⇒ ∠BAP = ∠ABP = 50°
∴ ∠APB = 180° - 50° - 50° = 80°
and ∠AOB = 180° - 80° = 100°
Two tangents PA and PB are drawn to the circle with centre O, such that ∠APB =
120°. Prove that OP = 2AP.
the circle such that ∠APB = 120°. OP is joined.
Ans: Given. A circle C(0, r). PA and PB are tangents to the circle from point P, outside
To Prove. OP = 2AP.
Construction. Join OA and OB.
Proof. Consider Δs PAO and PBO
PA = PB [Tangents to a circle, from a point outside it, are equal.]
OP = OP [Common]
∠OAP = ∠OBP = 90°
