Module 4

Parole and Probation Administration (PPA)

Parole and Probation Administration (formerly known as

Probation Administration)
Created by virtue of Presidential Decree No. 968, "The
Probation Law of 1976" to administer the probation system. Under
Executive Order No. 292, "The Administrative Code of 1987" which
was promulgated on November 23, 1989, the Probation
Administration was renamed "Parole and Probation Administration"
and given the added function of supervising prisoners who, after
serving part of their sentence in jails are released on parole pardon
with parole conditions.

Vision
A model component of the Philippine Correctional System that shall enhance the quality
of life of its clients through multi-disciplinary programs and resources, an efficient organization,
and a highly professional and committed workforce in order to promote social justice and
development.

Mission
To rehabilitate probationers, parolees and pardonees and promote their development as
integral persons by utilizing innovative interventions and techniques which respect the dignity of
man and recognize his divine destiny.

Mandate
The Parole and Probation Administration is mandated to conserve and/or redeem
convicted offenders and prisoners who are under the probation or parole system.

Goals
The Administration's programs sets to achieve the following goals:
 Promote the reformation of criminal offenders and reduce the incidence of recidivism,
and
 Provide a cheaper alternative to the institutional confinement of first-time offenders who
are likely to respond to individualized, community-based treatment programs.

Functions
To carry out these goals, the Agency through its network of regional and field parole and
probation offices performs the following functions:
 to administer the parole and probation system
 to exercise supervision over parolees, pardonees and probationers
 to promote the correction and rehabilitation of criminal offenders

CORE VALUES

A. Performance
Efficient and effective accomplishment of tasks and targets, beginning with individual
officials and employees and throughout all units in the organizational hierarchy, linked
coherently and progressively toward the Agency Mission, Vision and strategic goals.

Teamwork - Working together to achieve shared goals.

Resourcefulness and Innovativeness - Exploring resources with ingenuity, optimizing

opportunities with creativity.

B. Professionalism
High level of proficiency on the job resulting from mastery and conscientious application of
appropriate knowledge and skills, honed by sound judgment, self-discipline and unceasing
striving for excellence, and founded on a code of conduct that respects the dignity of clients
and fellowman.
 Role Modeling
Serving and inspiring by example.

Professional Excellence
Achieving high standards for ethical and quality service.

C. Accountability
Inherent obligation of every official and employee to answer for decisions, actions and
results within his/her authority, including proper and effective utilization of resources in
support of Agency policies and programs, with timely, complete and accurate disclosure in
required reports.

Responsibility
Achieving expectations, answering for results.

Honesty and Integrity

Being upright and transparent in transactions and relations.

SERVICE OBJECTIVES
1. To provide the courts with relevant information and judicious recommendation for the
selection of offenders to be placed on probation
2. To provide the Board of Pardons and Parole with necessary and relevant information
which can be used in determining a prisoner's fitness for parole or any form of executive
clemency
3. To provide the Dangerous Drugs Board with pertinent information and prudent
recommendations for the determination of first-time minor drug offenders to be placed on
suspended sentence
4. To effect the rehabilitation and integration of the probationers, parolees, pardonees and
first-time minor drug offenders as productive, law-abiding and socially responsible
members of the community.
5. To prevent recidivism and protect the community through a well-planned supervision of
probationers, parolees pardonees, and first-time minor drug offenders.
6. To make use of innovative, and financially and technically feasible projects to uplift the
moral, spiritual, and economic condition of probationers, parolees, pardonees, and first-
time minor drug offenders by utilizing available community resources as much as
possible.
7. To continuously assess and improve professional performance in post-sentence. pre-
parole/executive clemency, and suspended-sentence investigation, case management,
and other related work
8. To periodically review the Probation Law and its implementing rules so as to reconcile
the same with the evolving realities in the field.
9. To assiduously observe and uphold the professional ethics in the delivery of services.

ADMINISTRATIVE OBJECTIVES
1. To optimize operations through
a. maximum functioning of existing units according to their respective duties.
b. systematic expansion of services, according to the demands of probation work and
available resources
c. judicious utilization of limited Agency resources so as to obtain desired results in the
best manner possible with the least expenditures of time efforts and money.
2. To achieve a united approach to Agency goals through integrated planning and constant
coordination among all units.
3. To develop a more efficient and up-to-date system for the collection, collation and
analysis of data relative to probation, parole and suspended sentence case loads, and
their management.
4. To recruit qualified employees and volunteer aides and to promote their continuing
professional development
5. To continuously improve staff and line service through adequate supervision, relevant
research, and periodic evaluation
 6. To generate greater public and inter-agency support for probation through an integrated
and systematic public information program
7. To actively participate in the government's jail decongestion program, and in this
connection, to give priority to detention prisoners in our public information drives.
8. To cooperate and coordinate with other agencies of the government in the
accomplishment of national program thrusts

Additional Function under RA 9165

By virtue of a Memorandum of Agreement with the Dangerous Drugs Board, Effective
August 17. 2005, the PPA performs another additional function of investigating and supervising
first-time minor drug offenders who are placed on suspended pursuant to Republic Act No.
9165.

The PPA Administrator

The head of Parole and Probation Administration is known as the PPA Administrator
who shall be appointed by the President. He shall hold office during good behavior and shall not
be removed except for cause. His/her powers and duties are as follows:
1. Act as the executive officer of the PPA,
2. Exercise supervision and control over all probation officers;
3. Make annual reports to the Secretary of Justice, in such form as the latter may
prescribe, concerning the operation, administration and improvement of the probation
system;
4. Promulgate, subject to the approval of the Secretary of Justice, the necessary rules
relative to the methods and procedures of the probation process;
5. Recommend to the Secretary of Justice the appointment of subordinate personnel of his
Administration and other offices established under the Probation Law, and
6. Generally, perform such duties and exercise such powers as may be necessary of
incidental to achieve the objective of the Probation Law

Assistant PPA Administrator

There shall be an Assistant Probation Administrator who shall be appointed by the
President and shall assist the Administrator and perform such duties as may be assigned to him
by the PPA Administrator and as may be provided by law. In the absence of the Administrator,
he shall act as head of the PPA

Qualifications of the PPA Administrator and Assistant Administrator

1. At least 35 years of age
2. Holder of Master's Degree or its equivalent in:
a. Criminology
b. Social Work
c. Correction
d. Penology
e. Psychology
f. Sociology
g. Public Administration
h. Law
i. Police Science
j. Police Administration
k. Other related fields
3. At least 5 years of supervisory experience, or a member of Philippine Bar with at least 7
years of supervisory experience.

Other PPA Officers

 Regional Parole and Probation Offices (RPPO) - The RPPO shall be headed by
Regional Probation Officer who shall be appointed by the President upon the
recommendation of the Secretary of Justice.
The Regional Probation Officer shall exercise supervision and control over all
probation officers within his jurisdiction and such duties as may be assigned to him by
the Administrator. Whenever necessary, he shall be assisted by an Assistant Regional
Probation Officer who shall also be appointed by the President, upon recommendation
of the Secretary of Justice.
  Provincial and City Probation Officers - There must be at least one probation officer
in each province and city who shall be appointed by the Secretary of Justice upon
recommendation of the Administrator and in accordance with the civil service law and
rules. The Provincial and City Probation Officers shall exercise the following duties:
1. Investigate all persons referred to him for investigation by the proper court or the
Administrator;
2. Instruct all probationers under his supervision or that of the probation aide on the
terms and conditions of their probation
3. Keep himself informed of the conduct and condition of probationers under his charge
and use all suitable methods to bring about an improvement in their conduct and
conditions;
4. Maintain a detailed record of his work and submit such written reports as may be
required by the Administration court having jurisdiction over the probationer under his
supervision;
5. Prepare a list of qualified residents of the province or city where he is assigned who
are willing to act as probation aides,
6. Supervise the training of probation aides and oversee the latter's supervision
7. Exercise supervision and control over all field assistants, probation aides and of
probationers. other personnel, and
8. Perform such duties as may be assigned by the court or the Administration

 Field Assistants, Subordinate Personnel - Regional, Provincial, or City Probation

Officers shall be assisted by such field assistants and subordinate personnel as may be
necessary to enable them to carry out their duties effectively. (Section 27 of PD 968 as
amended by RA No. 10707)

Qualifications of Regional, Assistant Regional, Provincial and City Probation Officers

No person shall be appointed Regional or Assistant Regional or Provincial or City
Probation Officer unless possesses the following qualifications:
1. At least a bachelor's degree with a major in social work, sociology, psychology.
criminology, penology, corrections, police science, police administration, or related
fields,
2. At least three (3) years of experience in work requiring any of the above-mentioned
disciplines, or is a member of Philippine Bar with at least three (3) years of
supervisory experience.

Note:
Whenever practicable, the Provincial or City Probation Officer shall be appointed
from among qualified residents of the province or city where he will be assigned to
work (Section 25 of PD 968 as amended)

Power to administer oaths, to take depositions and be considered as Person in Authority

(Section 4 of RA 10707)
"SEC 24. Miscellaneous Powers of Regional, Provincial and City Probation Officers Regional,
Provincial or City Probation Officers shall have the authority within their territorial jurisdiction to
administer oaths and acknowledgments and to take depositions in connection with their duties
and functions under this Decree. They shall also have with respect to probationers under their
care. the powers of a police officer They shall be considered as persons in authority.”

Volunteer Probation Assistants (VPAs) (Section 6 of RA 10707)

“SEC. 28. Volunteer Probation Assistants (VPAS) To assist the Chief Probation and Parole
Officers in the supervised treatment program of the probationers the Probation Administrator
may appoint citizens of good repute and probity: who have the willingness aptitude and
capability to act as VPAs.

“VPAs shall not receive any regular compensation except for reasonable transportation and
meal allowances, as may be determined by the Probation Administrator for services rendered
as VPAs.
“They shall hold office for a two (2)-year term which may be renewed or recalled anytime for a
just cause Their functions, qualifications, continuance in office and maximum case loads shall
be further prescribed under the implementing rules and regulations of this Act.

“There shall be a reasonable number of VPAS in every regional provincial, and city probation
office In order to strengthen the functional relationship of VPAS and the Probation
Administrator, the latter shall encourage and support the former to organize themselves in the
national, regional, provincial, and city levels for effective utilization, coordination, and
sustainability of the volunteer program.

RESTORATIVE JUSTICE (RJ)

 It is a philosophy and a process whereby stakeholders in a specific offense resolve

collectively how to deal with the aftermath of the offense and its implications for the
future It is a victim-centered response to crime that provides opportunity for those
directly affected by the crime the victim, the offender, their families and the community to
be directly involved in responding to the harm caused by the crime Its ultimate objective
is to restore the broken relationships among stakeholders.

 The Restorative Justice process provides a healing opportunity for affected parties to
facilitate the recovery of the concerned parties and allow them to move on with their
lives.

 According to John Braithwaite, restorative justice is a process where all stakeholders

affected by an injustice have an opportunity to discuss how they have been affected by
the injustice and to decide what should be done to repair the harm. With crime.
restorative justice is about the idea that because crime hurts, justice should heal. It
follows that conversations with those who have been hurt and with those who have
inflicted the harm must be central to the process.

 Dr. Carolyn Boyes-Watson (2014) at Suffolk University's Center for Restorative Justice
defines restorative justice as a growing social movement to institutionalize peaceful approaches
to harm, problem-solving and violations of legal and human rights. These range from
international peacemaking tribunals such as the South Africa truth and Reconciliation
Commission to innovations within the criminal and juvenile justice systems, schools, social
services and communities. Rather than privileging the law, professionals and the state,
restorative resolutions engage those who are harmed, wrongdoers and their affected
communities in search of solutions that promote repair, reconciliation and the rebuilding of
relationships.

Restorative justice seeks to build partnerships to reestablish mutual responsibility for

constructive responses to wrongdoing within our communities Restorative approaches seek a
balanced approach to the needs of the victim, wrongdoer and community through processes
that preserve the safety and dignity of all

Comparing Restorative Justice from Traditional Criminal Justice

Restorative Justice Traditional Criminal Justice
 Who has been hurt?  What laws have been broken?
 What are their needs? Whose  Who did it?
obligations are these?  What do the offender(s) deserve?
 What are the causes?
 Who has a stake in the situation?
 What is the appropriate process to
involve stakeholders in an effort to
address causes and put things right?

THERAPEUTIC COMMUNITY (TC)

Is a self-help social learning treatment model used in the rehabilitation of drug offenders and
other clients with behavioral problems TC adheres to precepts of "right living"
The Therapeutic Community (TC) is an environment that helps people get help while helping
themselves. It operates in a similar fashion to a functional family with a hierarchical structure of
older and younger members. Each member has a defined role and responsibilities for sustaining
the proper functioning of the TC There are sets of rules and community norms that members
commit to live by and uphold upon entry. The primary "therapist" and teacher is the community
itself. consisting of peers, staff probation and parole officers and even Volunteer Probation
Aides (VPA), who, as role models of successful personal change, serve as guides in the
recovery process.