Digital Image Processing
Dr. Mina Ibrahim
Lecture 1
Course Discription
This course introduces fundamental concepts, theories,
and algorithms for image processing, which are used in
computer vision. It focuses on a range of tasks including
acquisition and formation, enhancement, segmentation,
and representation.
Topics include: visual perception, image formation,
spatial transformations, image enhancement, color image
representation and processing, edge detection, image
segmentation, and morphological image processing.
Course outcomes
Student understands the fundamental concepts, theories,
and algorithms for digital image processing.
Student has the ability to design and implement certain
important image processing techniques
Student has the capability of applying image processing
theories and algorithms to applications of interest.
Course Outlines
Course Outlines
Course Outlines
Key Stages in Digital Image
Processing
Image Morphologic
Restoration al Processing
Image
Segmentation
Enhancement
Image Object
Acquisition Recognition
Representation
Problem Domain
& Description
Colour
Image
Image
Compression
Processing
Key Stages in Digital Image Processing:
Image Acquisition
Image Morphologic
Restoration al Processing
Image
Segmentation
Enhancement
Image Object
Acquisition Recognition
Example: Take a picture Representation
Problem Domain
& Description
Colour
Image
Image
Compression
Processing
Key Stages in Digital Image Processing:
Image Enhancement
Image Morphologic
Restoration al Processing
Image
Segmentation
Enhancement
Image Object
Acquisition Recognition
Example: Change contrast
Representation
Problem Domain
& Description
Colour
Image
Image
Compression
Processing
Key Stages in Digital Image Processing:
Image Restoration
Image Morphologic
Restoration al Processing
Example:
Image Remove
Noise Segmentation
Enhancement
Image Object
Acquisition Recognition
Representation
Problem Domain
& Description
Colour
Image
Image
Compression
Processing
Key Stages in Digital Image Processing:
Morphological Processing
Image Morphologic
Restoration al Processing
Extract
attributes
Image
useful for Segmentation
Enhancement
describing
image
Image Object
Acquisition Recognition
Representation
Problem Domain
& Description
Colour
Image
Image
Compression
Processing
Key Stages in Digital Image Processing:
Segmentation
Image Morphologic
Restoration al Processing
Divide image into constituent parts
Image
Segmentation
Enhancement
Image Object
Acquisition Recognition
Representation
Problem Domain
& Description
Colour
Image
Image
Compression
Processing
Key Stages in Digital Image Processing:
Object Recognition
Image Morphologic
Restoration al Processing
Finds & Labels objects in scene
Image
Segmentation
Enhancement
Image Object
Acquisition Recognition
Representation
Problem Domain
& Description
Colour
Image
Image
Compression
Processing
Key Stages in Digital Image Processing:
Representation & Description
Image Morphologic
Restoration al Processing
Image
regions
Image
transformed Segmentation
Enhancement
suitable for
computer
processing
Image Object
Acquisition Recognition
Representation
Problem Domain
& Description
Colour
Image
Image
Compression
Processing
Key Stages in Digital Image Processing:
Image Compression
Image Morphologic
Restoration al Processing
Image
Segmentation
Enhancement Reduce
image size
(e.g. JPEG)
Image Object
Acquisition Recognition
Representation
Problem Domain
& Description
Colour
Image
Image
Compression
Processing
Key Stages in Digital Image Processing:
Colour Image Processing
Image Morphologic
Restoration al Processing
Image
Segmentation
Enhancement
Image Object
Acquisition Recognition
Consider color images (color models)
Representation
Problem Domain
& Description
Colour
Image
Image
Compression
Processing
Automated Visual Inspection
Optical character recognition (OCR)
Technology to convert scanned docs to text
• If you have a scanner, it probably came with OCR
software
Face detection
Many new digital cameras now
detect faces
Smile detection
Vision-based biometrics
Login without a password…
Fingerprint scanners on Face recognition systems now
many new laptops, beginning to appear more widely
other devices
Medical imaging
Image guided surgery
3D imaging
MRI, CT
Medical imaging
Medical imaging
Object recognition (in mobile
phones)
Special effects: shape capture
Special effects: motion capture
Sports
Smart cars
Mobileye
Industrial robots
Mobile robots
Image Segmentaion
Remove objects
Compositing images
Optical illusions
Optical illusions
Optical illusions
Levels of computerized processing
Low level Mid level High level
Input: Image Input: Image Input : Image
Output: Image Output: Attributes Output: knowing,
learning and
understanding the
Examples: Examples: things in Image
To reduce Noise, Segmentation,
Contrast Recognition of
Enhancement objects
Image sharpening Edges, contours and
identifying individual
objects
Levels of computerized processing
Image Processing Related fields
Image Processing: enhancement or
other manipulation of the images.
Computer Vision: analysis of the image
content.
Computer Graphics: the creation of
images.
Artificial Intelligence
Image Processing
Mainly study these topics
123 33 234 45 67 90 12 134
34 56 89 54 67 98 111 56 67
90 65 34 ….
Numerical representation of the
The World brightness and colors of the world
scene
Image Processing
Mainly study these topics
Image acquisition – (low-level) digital representation of the world scenes
Image processing – noise removal, smoothing, sharpening, contrast
enhancement, alter the appearance of an image
Image compression – efficiently represent image data for storage (save disk
space) and communication (save network bandwidth)
Display – render the image data on reproduction media (monitors, printing
papers)
Computer Vision
Mainly study these topics
High level
knowledge of the
scene
Image
representation
The World
Computer Vision
Mainly study these topics
Building a mathematical model of the scene
Interpret the scene
Acquire high level knowledge of the scene, e.g., indoor/outdoor, man-
made/nature
Detect the presence of certain objects, e.g., faces, cars
Recognize certain objects, e.g., person identification
Computer Graphics
Mainly study these topics
Model Image
Computer Graphics
Mainly study these topics
Use computer (mathematical models) to create images of real world scenes
and events
Lighting and shading modeling
Object modeling
Curves and surface modeling
Visibility modeling
Transformations (rotate, scale, translate,…)
Modeling terrain, liquids, fire/smoke, cloth, hair/fur, feathers, skin etc
More related fields
Pattern recognition
Machine learning
Robotics
Visualization
