INTERNET SERVICES
Class x
Ch: 2
1. Web services :
Web services are those software based services that takes
place when two electronic devices are connected via Internet.
List of webs services:
• Net surfing
• E-mail
• Search engines
• Finding people on net
• Uploading and downloading
• Chat
• Video conferencing
• e- learning
• e-banking
• e-shopping
• e-reservation
• e-governance
• Social networking etc.
2. Net Surfing
Net surfing also known as web surfing and surfing mean
browsing the internet through web browser. In web browser,
browsing of any web page and going from one web page to
another web page by clicking on any hyperlinks is known
as Net surfing. We can do net surfing by using web browser.
3. E-mails: Electronic mail is a method of exchanging
messages between people using electronic devices.
Internet email messages consist of two major sections, the
message header, and the message body, collectively known as
content. The header is structured into fields such as From,
To, CC, Subject, Date, and other information about the email.
Structure of email address:
From Here we need to mention sender’s
email address.
To Here we need to mention receiver’s
email address.
Cc cc stands for carbon copy and here we
need to mention email address(s) of all
those people to whom you are going
send the copy of this email. List of
emails are visible.
Bcc Bcc stands for carbon copy and here
we need to mention email address(s) of
all those people to whom you are going
send the copy of this email. List of
emails are visible.
Subject Title of email.
Body Email/ message
Attachment We can attach any text or picture or
any other file with the email. There a
size limit of attachment.
Email id It is a unique id given to each
message, so that can keep track of
replies to it.
To compose and send any mail we need an email address
which is in the following format:
username@hostname
ex: sachin@gmain.com
soniananya@rediff mail.com
Spam emails (send people alotta mail): spam emails are the
irrelevant and inappropriate massages sent on internet to a
large number of people.
Junk mails: These emails are unwanted and unsolicited ( not
asked for) advertising or promotional mails received by any
person.
It consumes the space in the email server for no use.
4. Search engine: A web search engine or Internet search
engine is a software that is designed to carry out web
search (Internet search), which means to search the World
Wide Web or a website in a systematic way using a web
browser software.
Examples of search engine:
• Google
• Bing
• Yahoo
• AOL(American online)
• Ask.com etc.
How search engine work?
You type a key word on search engine and search engine
searches on web and provide you the details. Search engine
work on the three elements.
Spider or
web
crawler or Indexing Search
bots or software algorithm
agents
Spider or web crawler:
A web crawler is a computer program that is used to search
through millions of websites that are available on the internet
according to a search query provided by the user.
Indexing software and data base:
list of documents and web address collected by web crawler are
sent to indexing software. Indexing software extracts information
from the documents and web addresses, prepares on index of it
and store in a database.
Search algorithms:
When we perform a search by entering keywords, the search
engine software searches it in the database using a particular
search method called search algorithm and display the matching
document in the web address.
5. PROTOCOLS
These are the set of rules which govern the computer networks.
1. TCP/IP( transfer control protocol and internet protocol): this
protocol is responsible to send or receive information on
Internet .
2. FTP(File Transfer Protocol): This protocol is responsible for
exchange of file over any network that supports the TCP/IP
protocol (used in Internet or Intranet).
Two computers are involved in FTP:
• FTP server: It establishes the connection to FTP client for file
transfer.
• FTP client: It request for the connection to the server and
once the connection done then it does all file related
operations like uploading to the server, downloading from the
server, deletion , renaming etc.
• We need to install some software to create FTP server and
client.
3. Uploading and downloading:
• Uploading means saving files from your (client) computer to
the server.
• Downloading means copying files from server to your (client)
computer
4. SFTP(Secured File Transfer Protocol: This works same as
FTP but gives secured data transfer.
5. TELNET :
• This is an Internet utility which lets you logon to remote
computer in the network.
• You need to type username and password in the client
computer and then you will get login on to the server over
internet.
6. SSH(Secure Shell):
• It same as TELNET protocol but this is a secure protocol as
compared to TELNET.
• It is also a protocol for remotely logging onto a machine via
shell where all the data between client and server are
encrypted.
FULL FORMS
1. LAN :Local Area Network
2. MAN: Metropolitan Area Network
3. WAN: Wide Area Network
4. TCP/IP: Transfer Control Protocol
5. FTP: File Transfer Protocol
6. SFTP: Secure File Transfer Protocol
7. Wi-Fi: Wire-Less Fidelity
8. SMS: Short Messages Services
9. ATM: Automatic Tailor Machine
10. URL: Uniform Resource Locator
11. CC: Carbon Copy
12. BCC: Blind Carbon Copy
13. SSH: Secured Shell
14. TELNET: Telecommunication Network
15. DRDO: Defence Research and development organization
16. NeGP: National E-Governance Planning
17. HTTP: Hyper-Text Transfer Protocol
18. HTTPS: Hyper-Text Transfer Protocol Secure
19. HTML: Hyper-Text Markup Language
20. USB: Universal Serial Bus
21. IBM: International Business Machine
22. MAC address: Machine Access Control
23. MMS : Multimedia Messaging Services
24. IM: Instant Messaging
25. ICQ: I Seek You.
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