What is attitude ?write to characteristics of attitude?
Ans) attitude can be defined as individual feeling about other
persons, objects, events or other activities
Characteristics of attitude
● Attitude is an acquired characteristic of human personality
based on the experience of the individual in relation to an object
or situation
● Attitudes can be positive, negative, or neutral towards a
particular object or situation.
● Attitude is subjective ,Complex and many sided phenomenon
● Attitude has directionality
Q) State the importance of emotion in education?
Emotion plays a crucial role in education for several reasons:
● Enhances Learning: Positive emotions improve memory and
understanding
● Fosters a Positive Learning Environment:
Emotions like empathy, trust, and respect between teachers and
students create a supportive and inclusive classroom
atmosphere, which can enhance learning outcomes.
● Reduces Stress: Managing emotions lowers anxiety, creating a
better learning space.
● Enhances Survival Skills: Emotions like fear can make people
panic, but learning to manage emotions helps students stay
focused and make good decisions in emergencies. This skill can
be crucial for their safety.
Example: When students stay calm during a fire drill, they can
follow instructions and get to safety quickly.
● .Improves Decision-Making: Emotions like confidence and
calmness lead to better, more thoughtful decisions.
Example: A student feeling confident and calm during a math
test is more likely to think clearly and choose the correct
problem-solving strategies.
● Boosts Communication: Emotions enhance students' ability to
express themselves and understand others.
● Fosters Unity: Positive emotions like empathy and respect build
a sense of community and teamwork in the classroom.
In conclusion, emotions are not just a byproduct of education; they
are essential components that shape the learning experience.
Q)What is the meaning of instinct?
● The word Instinct is derived from the Latin word ‘Instinctus’
meaning ‘to instigate’ or ‘to motivate’
● Instincts are innate, original or inherited tendency to act or to
behave
● Instincts are inborn but fully express themselves as the child
grows.
Q)What is emotional intelligence?
Emotional intelligence is the ability to process emotional information
particularly as it involves perception, assimilation understanding and
management of emotion.
Educational implications
● Better Behavior: Helps students control their emotions, leading
to a more orderly classroom.
● Improved Focus: Emotionally intelligent students can
concentrate better on their studies.
● Enhanced Relationships: Fosters positive interactions with
peers and teachers.
● Higher Academic Success: Associated with better grades and
school performance.
● Stress Management: Equips students to handle stress and
setbacks effectively.
Q) Write two importance of attitude in education?
1. Positive Attitude Affects Interpretation of Events: It helps
students see challenges as opportunities for learning.
Example: When faced with a difficult math problem, a student
with a positive attitude sees it as a chance to improve their
problem-solving skills.
1. Motivation: A positive attitude motivates students to strive for
success and persevere through difficulties.Example: A student
excited about learning new vocabulary words puts in extra effort
to memorize them, leading to better performance in exams
2. .Lower Stress: Maintaining a positive attitude reduces stress
levels, enabling students to focus better on their
studies.Example: A student facing a deadline remains calm and
focused, allowing them to complete their assignment efficiently
without feeling overwhelmed.
3. Overcoming Fear: With the right attitude, students can conquer
their fears and approach challenges with confidence.Example: A
shy student, with a positive attitude towards public speaking,
gradually becomes more comfortable presenting in front of the
class
4. .Boosts Self-Esteem: A positive attitude enhances self-belief and
confidence in one's abilities.Example: A student who receives
constructive feedback on their essay takes it as an opportunity
to improve rather than feeling discouraged, thus boosting their
self-esteem.
Q) What is motivation? Different types of motivation?
Motivation is the internal or external driving force that influences
individuals to take action, pursue goals, and achieve desired
outcomes
Two type of motivation
● Intrinsic motivation:Intrinsic motivations refers to motivation
that comes from inside an individual rather than from any
external, or outside rewards such as money or grades.
● Driven by internal factors like personal satisfaction or interest.
● Individuals find fulfillment in the activity itself.
● Encourages autonomy and self-directed behavior.
● . Examples include doing hobbies, pursuing passions, and
learning for the joy of it.
Extrinsic motivation:
● Extrinsic motivation refers to motivation that comes from
outside an individual
● the motivating factors are external reward such as a money or
grades.
● Focuses on outside factors, not personal enjoyment.
● Often leads to short-term behavior change
● Examples: working for money, studying for grades, or doing
chores for praise.
Q) What is self actualization need ?
According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, self-actualization is the
realization of one's full potential and the desire to become the most
that one can be. It's the highest level of psychological development
where individuals seek personal growth, creativity, and fulfillment in
their lives.
Q) distinguish between motivation and drives?
Q) Write the relationship between attention and interest?
● Attention and interest share an interdependent relationship,
each influencing the other.
● Interest serves as a catalyst for attention, drawing focus when a
topic captivates or feels relevant.
● ExampleWhen we find something interesting, we naturally pay
more attention to it. Conversely, when we focus on something,
our interest tends to grow as we learn more about it. This
creates a cycle: interest grabs attention, and attention deepens
interest. So, the more we pay attention to something, the more
interested we become in it.
Q) What is acquire interest?
● Acquired interest refers to developing a liking or preference for
something after being exposed to it, rather than having an
inherent inclination towards it from the beginning.
● It emerges over time, unlike innate preferences.
● It differs from what we naturally like or are drawn to.
● Exposure and engagement lead to acquiring interests.
Q) What is attention?
Q) what is attention span
Ans) Attention span refers to the length of time a person can
concentrate on a task or activity without becoming distracted or
losing focus. It varies from individual to individual and can be
influenced by factors such as age, fatigue, interest level, and
environmental stimuli.
Q) Give two example of convergent production and divergent
production
Q) name any two verbal test of Intelligence?
Q) Write the components of creativity
Q) State the importance of emotion in education
Q) what is locus of control
Q)What is self efficacy
Q)What is intelligence quotient
Q)Mention any four determinants of motivation
The determinants of motivation are needs, drive, motives, goals,
incentives, instincts,interest ,curiosity arouser and expectancy
5 marks
Q) How do you identify creative students
● Flexibility and Adaptability:
Creative children are flexible and adaptable, able to adjust to new
situations and environments easily. They are not rigid in their thinking
and can change their approach to a problem as new information
becomes available.
● Problem-Solving and Critical Thinking:
Creative children are excellent problem-solvers and critical thinkers.
They can analyze a problem from different perspectives and come up
with creative solutions. They can also identify potential challenges
and obstacles and develop strategies to overcome them.
● Passion and Commitment:
Creative children are passionate about their interests and are
committed to their goals. They have a strong sense of purpose and
are willing to put in the effort to achieve their objectives.
● Curiosity and Exploration:
Creative children often exhibit a strong sense of curiosity and an
eagerness to explore their surroundings. They are always asking
questions, seeking new experiences, and trying new things.
● Imagination and Originality:
Creative children have a rich imagination and can easily come up with
new and innovative ideas.
Q) what is mental age
Mental age is a concept in intelligence testing that reflects the age
level at which an individual is performing intellectually.
Q) Write a short note on verbal intelligence test
Q)How can multiple intelligence be applied in teaching learning
Process?
Q) Describe the basis of Thurstone’s Theory of Intelligence? .
Q) Differentiate between volitional attention and non volitional
attention?
Q) Write short note on three casual dimension on wiener’s attribution
theory of motivation
1o mark
Q) discuss the Mcleland’s theory of motivation?
David McClelland's theory of motivation identifies three primary
motivators that influence human behavior: achievement, affiliation,
and power.
● Need for Achievement (nAch): People with a high need for
achievement are driven by a desire to excel and succeed. They
are goal-oriented, prefer tasks that challenge their abilities, and
like to take responsibility for their outcomes. These individuals
seek situations where they can attain measurable results and
receive clear feedback on their performance. They often avoid
tasks that are too easy or too risky, preferring those that require
skill and effort to achieve success
● Need for Affiliation (nAff): This need revolves around the desire
to establish and maintain warm, friendly relationships with
others. Individuals with a high need for affiliation value social
interactions and are motivated by a sense of belonging. They
thrive in collaborative environments and are concerned with
being liked and accepted by their peers. These individuals prefer
teamwork and are often effective in roles that require strong
interpersonal skills and cooperation.
● Need for Power (nPow): The need for power involves a desire to
influence and lead others. It manifests in two forms: personal
and institutional power. Personal power seekers aim to assert
dominance, while institutional power seekers focus on
organizing and leading groups to achieve common goals. They
are driven by responsibility and a desire to impact their
organization positively.
McClelland's theory helps in understanding what motivates people.
By matching tasks with people's main motivators—achievement,
relationships, and power—organizations can make employees
happier and perform better.
Q) Maslow's theory of motivation and its educational implication
Q) discuss gardner's theory of multiple intelligence
Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences proposes that
intelligence is not a single ability but a combination of various distinct
types, each reflecting different ways people learn and excel.
● Linguistic Intelligence: The ability to use words effectively,
whether in writing or speaking. People with high linguistic
intelligence are often good at writing stories, reading, and
learning languages
● .Logical-Mathematical Intelligence: The capacity for logical
reasoning, problem-solving, and mathematical calculations.
Individuals with this intelligence excel in math, science, and
logic puzzles.
● Spatial Intelligence: The ability to visualize and manipulate
objects in one's mind. This intelligence is strong in architects,
artists, and engineers who can think in three dimensions.
● Musical Intelligence: The talent for performing, composing, and
appreciating musical patterns. Musicians, singers, and
composers typically have high musical intelligence.
● Bodily-Kinesthetic Intelligence: The skill in using one's body to
solve problems or create products. Athletes, dancers, and
surgeons often exhibit high bodily-kinesthetic intelligence.
● Interpersonal Intelligence: The capacity to understand and
interact effectively with others. People with strong interpersonal
intelligence are often good at communicating and are
empathetic, making them effective teachers, therapists, and
leaders
● .Intrapersonal Intelligence: The ability to understand oneself,
including one's emotions, motivations, and inner states. This
intelligence is key for self-reflection and personal growth.
● Naturalistic Intelligence: The ability to recognize and categorize
plants, animals, and other aspects of nature. Individuals with
high naturalistic intelligence are often good at understanding
the natural world and may become biologists or
environmentalists.
