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Lecture 4

Unit 1 covers Python control structures, focusing on conditional statements that enable decision-making in programs. It details various types of conditional statements, including if, if-else, if-elif-else, and nested if statements, along with logical operators for combining conditions. The unit concludes with practice exercises to reinforce the concepts learned.

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Fadel Ahmad
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14 views4 pages

Lecture 4

Unit 1 covers Python control structures, focusing on conditional statements that enable decision-making in programs. It details various types of conditional statements, including if, if-else, if-elif-else, and nested if statements, along with logical operators for combining conditions. The unit concludes with practice exercises to reinforce the concepts learned.

Uploaded by

Fadel Ahmad
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Unit 1:

Python Control Structures and Conditional Statements

1. Introduction to Control Structures

Control structures allow the flow of a program to change based on


conditions or loops. Python offers various constructs for decision-making
and iteration.

Types of Control Structures

• Conditional Statements
• Loops
• Branching Statements

2. Conditional Statements

Conditional statements enable decision-making in Python by executing


code blocks based on conditions.

2.1 The if Statement

• Executes a block of code if a specified condition is True.

• Syntax:
if condition:
# Code block

• Example:
age = 18
if age >= 18:
print("You are eligible to vote.")
2.2 The if-else Statement
• Provides an alternate block of code if the condition is False.
• Syntax:
if condition:
# Code block for True condition
else:
# Code block for False condition
• Example:
num = 10
if num % 2 == 0:
print("Even number")
else:
print("Odd number")

2.3 The if-elif-else Statement


• Used to check multiple conditions.
• Syntax:
if condition1:
# Code block for condition1
elif condition2:
# Code block for condition2
else:
# Code block if all conditions are False
• Example:
score = 85
if score >= 90:
print("Grade: A")
elif score >= 80:
print("Grade: B")
elif score >= 70:
print("Grade: C")
else:
print("Grade: F")
2.4 Nested if Statements

• if statements inside another if statement.

• Example:

num = 10
if num > 0:
if num % 2 == 0:
print("Positive even number")

3. Logical Operators in Conditional Statements


• Combine multiple conditions using logical operators.
• Operators:
o and: True if both conditions are True.
o or: True if at least one condition is True.
o not: Reverses the truth value.

• Example:
age = 20
income = 50000
if age > 18 and income > 30000:
print("Eligible for loan")
4. Practice Exercises

1. Write a program to check if a given number is positive, negative, or


zero.

2. Create a program to determine the largest of three numbers using if-


elif-else.

3. Use nested if statements to categorize a person’s age group (child,


teenager, adult, senior).

4. Combine and & or to write a program for checking login credentials.

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