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Microprocessor & Micro-controller
- 1. MICROPROCESSOR & MICROCONTROLLER INDEX:- 1.DEFINITION 2. COMPARISON 3. 8051 4. FEATURES • BLOCK DIAGRAM • PROGRAMMING MODEL • PIN DIAGRAM • MEMORY ORGANISATION 5. PSW
- 2. WHAT IS MICROPROCESSOR •A microprocessor is a computer processor which incorporates the functions of a computer's central processing unit (CPU) on a single integrated circuit (IC),or at most a few integrated circuits. • The microprocessor is a multipurpose, clock driven, register based, digital- integrated circuit which accepts binary data as input, processes it according to instructions stored in its memory, and provides results as output. • Microprocessors contain both combinational logic and sequential digital logic. Microprocessors operate on numbers and symbols represented in the binary numeral system.
- 3. WHAT IS MICROCONTROLLER •A microcontroller (or MCU for microcontroller unit) is a small computer on a single integrated circuit. • In modern terminology, it is similar to, but less sophisticated than, a system on a chip or SoC; an SoC may include a microcontroller as one of its components. • A microcontroller contains one or more CPUs (processor cores) along with memory and programmable input/output peripherals. • Program memory in the form of Ferroelectric RAM, NOR flash or OTP ROM is also often included on chip, as well as a small amount of RAM. • Microcontrollers are designed for embedded applications, in contrast to the microprocessors used in personal computers or other general purpose applications consisting of various discrete chips.
- 5. µprocessor µcontroller COMPARISON BETWEENµPROCESSOR & µCONTROLLER • Microprocessor is heart of Computer system. • It is just a processor. Since memory and I/O has to be connected externally, the circuit becomes large. Since memory and I/O are present internally, the circuit is small. • Cannot be used in compact systems and hence inefficient. • Cost of the entire system increases • Micro Controller is a heart of embedded system. • Micro controller has external processor along with internal memory and i/o components • Can be used in compact systems and hence it is an efficient technique • Cost of the entire system is low. • Microcontrollers are generally used in embedded systems
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- 7. FEATURES OF 8051 •4 KB on chip program memory. • 128 bytes on chip data memory(RAM). • 128 user defined software flags. • 8-bit data bus. • 16-bit address bus. • 32 general purpose registers each of 8 bits. • 16 bit timers (usually 2, but may have more, or less). • 3 internal and 2 external interrupts.
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- 12. PSW • The programstatus word (PSW) is an IBM System/360 architecture and successors control register which performs the function of a Status register and Program counter in other architectures, and more. • Although certain fields within the PSW may be tested or set by using non-privileged instructions, testing or setting the remaining fields may only be accomplished by using privileged instructions. • Contained within the PSW are the two bit condition code, representing zero, positive, negative, overflow, and similar flags of other architectures' status registers. Conditional branch instructions test this encoded as a four bit value, with each bit representing a test of one of the four condition code values, 23 + 22 + 21 + 20.
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