This document discusses pure functions in programming. It defines a pure function as a function whose return value is only determined by its input values, without any observable side effects. Pure functions have the following properties: they always return the same result for the same inputs, they do not produce side effects, and their results can be cached. The document notes that pure functions are foundational to functional programming and provide benefits like being portable, reusable, easy to test and refactor, and able to be parallelized. It provides an example of pipes in Angular being pure functions.