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RISC and CISC Processors
CISC processors have a large number of complex instructions that can perform operations directly from memory to memory. In contrast, RISC processors have a small set of simple instructions that operate only within registers, with load and store as separate instructions. The first RISC projects in the late 1970s-early 1980s from IBM, Stanford, and UC-Berkeley aimed for single-cycle execution with a fixed-length instruction format. RISC emphasizes hardware simplicity while CISC focuses on smaller code size and higher cycles per second.
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Introduction of CISC (Complex Instruction Set Computer) and RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computer) concepts by Adeel Rasheed.
CISC characterized by numerous complex instructions; RISC features a small, optimized instruction set.
Origin of RISC in the late 70s and early 80s with key projects from IBM, Stanford, and UC-Berkeley.
Key features of RISC processors include register operations, limited addressing modes, and efficiency.
CISC processors focus on hardware efficiency with complex multi-clock instructions and memory operations.
Contrasting approaches of CISC with its comprehensive instructions versus the simplified RISC methodology.
Introduction to overlapped register windows, comprising global, local, and overlapped registers in architecture.
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RISC and CISC Processors
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- 3. What is CISC? A computer with a large number of instructions is classified as a Complex Instruction set Computer, abbreviated CISC What is RISC? RISC, or Reduced Instruction Set Computer. is a type of microprocessor architecture that utilizes a small, highly-optimized set of instructions, rather than a more specialized set of instructions often found in other types of architectures.
- 4. History The first RISCprojects came from IBM, Stanford, and UC-Berkeley in the late 70s and early 80s. The IBM 801, Stanford MIPS, and Berkeley RISC 1 and 2 were all designed with a similar philosophy NEXT Invent CISC. For more Complex instructions.
- 5. Characteristics of RISCProcessor Register to Register "LOAD" & "STORE" are independent instructions. Relatively few addressing modes. All operations done within the registers of the CPU Fixed-Length, Easily decoded instruction format Single-Cycle instruction execution
- 6. Characteristics of CISCProcessor Emphasis on Hardware. Includes multi-clock complex instructions. Memory-to-memory “LOAD” and “STORE” incorporated in instructions. Small code size, high cycles per second
- 7. RISC & CISCApproaches The CISC Approach The RISC Approach
- 8. Overlapped Register Windows Global Register Local Register Overlapped Register