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Course Outcome & Learning Outcome
Course Outcome
Learning Outcome
After completing Chapter 1, you will be able to:
⁻Define computer literacy and explain why it is vital to success in today’s
world.
⁻Define the computer terms and describe the relationship between data and
information.
⁻Discuss the advantages and disadvantages that users experience when
working with computers.
⁻Discuss how society uses computers technology in many different fields.
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Chapter Content
WEEK CHAPTER
1&2 1. Introduction to Computers
1.1. Computer literacy
1.2. Data and Information
1.3. Categories of computers
1.4. Information system
1.5. Advantages and disadvantages of using computer
1.6. Computer uses in society
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1. Introduction to Computers
• Computers are
everywhere
• Nowadays, many
people believe that
knowing how to use a
computer, is one of the
basic skills needed to
succeed in the
workplace
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1. Introduction to Computers
• A computer is an electronic device, operating
under the control of instructions stored in its own
memory
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1.1 Computer Literacy
• Because technology
changes, you must keep
up with the changes to
remain digitally literate
• Computer literacy, also
known as digital literacy
involves having a current
knowledge and
understanding of
computers and related
technologies
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1.1 Computer Literacy
• A computer literate
person might know:
– How computer works
and ways to
troubleshoot problems.
– Current knowledge
about computer
technology and
products.
– Network and
communication of
computers.
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1.2 Data and Information
• A computer system allows data to be process and
store and then, produce the information.
• The series of input, processing, output and
storage (IPOS), is often referred to as the
information processing cycle.
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1.2 Data and Information
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1.2 Data and Information
• Consider how a clerk might use a computer system to
register a new student.
– INPUT: The clerk enters the student’s details such as
name, address, identity card (IC) number, mobile number
and other particulars. The clerk use input devices, such as
keyboard and digital scanner
– PROCESS: The computer uses stored instructions to
process the data into information
– OUTPUT: An output device such as a monitor or a printer,
displays the information
– STORE: The data and information are stored in temporary
memory and then on a permanent storage device such as
a hard drive
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1.2 Data and Information
INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT STORAGE
Student Details:
Sarah Adnan
10, Jalan Tembaga
Merah 10, 81300
Skudai
Image:
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1.2 Data and Information
• IPOS steps can be completed by using
devices or hardware.
INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT STORAGE
Input devices: System Unit Output devices: Storage devices:
Keyboard components: Printer Hard Disk
Pointing device Motherboard Display/ Monitor Solid-State Drive
Scanner Processor Speaker USB Flash Drive
Memory Card
Optical Disc
Cloud Storage
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1.3 Categories of Computers
1. Mobile Computers
2. Desktops
3. Servers
4. Supercomputers
5. Terminals
6. Embedded computers
7. Game consoles
8. Mobile devices
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Mobile Computers
• A mobile computer is a portable personal
computer, designed so that a user easily can carry
it from place to place
• Examples of mobile computers include:
– Laptops
– Tablets
– Handheld computers
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Mobile Computers
• A laptop, also called a notebook computer, is a
thin, lightweight mobile computer with a screen
in its lid and a keyboard in its base
• Designed to fit on your lap and for easy transport
• Laptops have input devices (keyboard, touchpad,
webcam), output devices (screen, speakers),
storage devices (hard drive, optical disc drive) and
usually built-in wireless communications
capability
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Mobile Computers
• Ultrathin laptops weigh less than traditional
laptops with a longer battery life.
• It have fewer ports and do not include an optical
disc drive
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Mobile Computers
• A tablet is a thin, lighter-weight mobile computer
that has a touch screen
• Two popular form factors (shapes and sizes) of
tablets are the slate and convertible.
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Mobile Computers
• A handheld computer is
a computer small enough
to fit in one hand
• Usually it can
communicate wirelessly
with computer/ other
devices
• Some have miniature or
specialized keyboards.
Others have a touch
screen and stylus
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Desktops
• A desktop, or desktop computer, is a personal
computer designed to be in a stationary location,
where all of its components fit on or under a desk
or table
• An all-in-one (AIO) desktop does not have a tower
and instead houses the display, system unit and
possibly an optical drive in the same case
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Desktops
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• Both mobile computers and desktop computers
may be considered as personal computers
• A personal computer (PC) is a mobile computer or
desktop that can perform all of its input,
processing, output, and storage activities by itself
and is intended to be used by one person at a
time
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Servers
• A server is a computer dedicated to providing one or
more services to other computers or devices on a
network
– Rack server
– Blade server
– Tower server
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Servers
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Servers
• Server functions include:
– Centralized storage area for programs, data and
information
– Controlling user access
– Backing up files on offsite
– Sharing hardware
– Sharing software
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Servers
• A mainframe is a large, expensive, powerful
server that can handle hundreds or thousands of
connected users simultaneously
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Supercomputers
• A supercomputer is the fastest, most powerful
computer – and the most expensive
– Capable of processing many trillions of instructions in
a single second
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Terminals
• A terminal is a computer, usually with limited processing
power, that enables users to send data to and/or receive
information from a server, or host computer
• A thin client is a terminal that looks like a desktop but has
limited capabilities and components
• Most retail stores use a point-of-sale (POS) terminal to record
purchases, process credit or debit cards, and update
inventory
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Terminals
• An ATM (automated teller machine) is a self-
service banking terminal that connects to a host
computer through a network
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Terminals
• A self-service kiosk is a freestanding terminal that
usually has a touch screen for user interaction
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Mobile Devices
Technology is not only limited to computer, but
also including mobile devices. For instance;
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Mobile Devices
• A smartphone is an Internet-capable phone that
usually also includes a calendar, an address book,
a calculator, a notepad, games, browser, and
numerous other apps
• Many smartphones have touch screens. Instead of
or in addition to an on-screen keyboard, some
have a built-in mini keyboard on the front of the
phone or a keyboard that slides in and out from
behind the phone
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Mobile Devices
• A variety of options for typing on a smartphone:
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Mobile Devices
• A digital camera is a mobile device that allows users to
take photos and store the photographed images digitally
– Smart digital camera
– Point-and-shoot camera
– SLR camera
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Mobile Devices
• Resolution is the number of horizontal and
vertical pixels in a display
• It affects the quality of digital camera photos.
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Mobile Devices
• A portable media player is a mobile device on
which you can store, organize, and play or view
digital media
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Mobile Devices
• A digital media player or streaming media player
is a device, typically used in a home, that streams
digital media from a computer or network to a
television, projector, or some other entertainment
device
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Mobile Devices
• An e-book reader (short
for electronic book
reader), or e-reader, is a
mobile device that is
used primarily for
reading e-books and
other digital
publications
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Mobile Devices
• A wearable device or wearable is a small, mobile
computing device designed to be worn by a
consumer
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Game Consoles
• A game console is a mobile computing device
designed for single-player or multiplayer video
games
• A handheld game device is a small mobile device
that contains a screen, speakers, controls, and
game console all in one unit
• Game controllers include gamepads, joysticks and
wheels, dance pads, and a variety of motion-
sensing controllers
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Game Consoles
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Embedded Computers
• An embedded computer is a special-purpose
computer that functions as a component in a
larger product
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Embedded Computers
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Putting It All Together
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1.4 Information System
Five elements of Information Systems are:
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1.4 Information System
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1.5 Advantages and Disadvantages of using
Computer
Advantages of Disadvantages of
Using Computers Using Computers
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Advantages of using Computer
• Speed • Reliability
– Data, instructions and – Computers nowadays
information travel at fast are dependable and
speeds along electronic reliable because they
circuits in a computer rarely break or fail
– Computers process – Data and files can be
billions or trillions of back up off site
operations in a single
second.
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Advantages of using Computer
• Consistency • Storage
– A computer will produce – Computers store huge
the same result amounts of data.
consistently when – Data can be stored in
receive the same input internal hard disk or
– Computer generate external storage devices
error-free results
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Advantages of using Computer
• Communication
– Computers connect
people, often wirelessly
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Disadvantages of using Computer
• Health risks
– Prolonged and improper use of computer can lead to health
injuries or disorders
– Health risks
• A repetitive strain injury (RSI) is an injury or disorder of the muscles,
nerves, tendons, ligaments, and joints
• Computer vision syndrome (CVS) is a technology-related health condition
that affects eyesight
• Ergonomics is an applied science devoted to incorporating comfort,
efficiency, and safety into the design of items in the workplace
– Behavioral health risk
• Technology addiction – occurs when the technology consumes someone’s
entire social life
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Disadvantages of using Computer
• Violation of privacy • Public safety
– Personal records stored – People might share
on a computer were personal information
stolen publicly.
– Some users have fallen
victim to crimes
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Disadvantages of using Computer
• Environment
– Computer waste may
depleting natural
resources and polluting
environment
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Green Computing
• Green computing involves reducing the electricity
consumed and environmental waste generated when
using a computer
• Strategies include:
– Recycling
– Using energy efficient hardware and energy saving features
– Regulating manufacturing processes
– Extending the life of computers
– Immediately donating or properly disposing of replaced computers
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1.6 Computer uses in society
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1.6 Computer Uses in Society
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1.6 Computer Uses in Society
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1.6 Computer Uses in Society
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1.6 Computer Uses in Society
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1.6 Computer Uses in Society
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Learning Outcome
Define computer literacy Define the computer
and explain why it is vital terms and describe the
to success in today’s relationship between
world data and information
Discuss the advantages
Discuss how society uses
and disadvantages that
computers technology in
users experience when
many different fields
working with computers
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