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![“Standard - codified knowledge providing
specifications for interfaces between software, systems
or the documents and data that pass between them.”
[Open Standards Consultation – Glossary]
“*O]penstandards must allow all possible competitors
to operate on a basis of equal access to the ability to
implement the standard” [An Economic Basis for Open
Standards, RA Ghosh]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/openstandardsandopendata-120308102633-phpapp01/85/Open-standards-and-open-data-40-320.jpg)
![“ For the purpose of UK Government software
interoperability, data and document formats, the definition of
open standards is those standards which fulfil the
following[5] criteria:](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/openstandardsandopendata-120308102633-phpapp01/85/Open-standards-and-open-data-41-320.jpg)
![“Standard - codified knowledge providing
specifications for interfaces between software, systems
or the documents and data that pass between them.”
[Open Standards Consultation – Glossary]
“*O]penstandards must allow all possible competitors
to operate on a basis of equal access to the ability to
implement the standard” [An Economic Basis for Open
Standards, RA Ghosh]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/openstandardsandopendata-120308102633-phpapp01/75/Open-standards-and-open-data-40-2048.jpg)
![“ For the purpose of UK Government software
interoperability, data and document formats, the definition of
open standards is those standards which fulfil the
following[5] criteria:](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/openstandardsandopendata-120308102633-phpapp01/75/Open-standards-and-open-data-41-2048.jpg)
Uploaded byTony Hirst
Open standards and open data
This document discusses open standards and open data. It provides background on open data initiatives in the UK from 2006 to 2012. It also discusses the definition and importance of open standards, giving examples of standards used for plug sockets, audio files and Microsoft Office documents. Open standards are defined as standards developed through an open process, published freely and able to be implemented by multiple vendors. The document advocates for open standards and data to ensure interoperability between systems.
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Open standards and open data
- 1. Open Standards andOpen Data Tony Hirst Dept of Communication and Systems, The Open University
- 2. Data Open Standards Source
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- 4. A Brief (Recent)History of Open Public Data in the UK
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- 26. The onlineCSV file becomes a spreadsheet becomes A DATABASE
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- 32. The UKGLF addressesthe use and re-use of the following types of information: - non-personal information subject to copyright and database right that is collected and produced by government and the public sector and which is published or accessible under access legislation such as the Freedom of Information Act or the Environmental Information Regulations (much of this information will be accessible on public sector web sites or already published by the public sector); - previously unpublished datasets released by the public sector on portals such as data.gov.uk; and - original and open source software and source code produced by the public sector or commissioned under Framework 1 of the NESTA agreements (see glossary) or similar agreements.
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- 36. Take a lookaround you… …see that plug socket? If you’re in the UK, it should conform to British Standard BS1363 (you can read the spec if you have have you credit card to hand…). Take a listen around you… is that someone listening to an audio device playing an MP3 music file? ISO/IEC 11172-3:1993 (or ISO/IEC 13818- 3:1995) helped make that possible… “that” being the agreed upon standard that let the music publisher put the audio file into a digital format that the maker of the audio device knows how to recognise and decode. (Beware, though. The MP3 specification is tainted with all sorts of patents – so you need to check whether or if you need to pay someone in order to build a device that encodes or decodes MP3 files.) If the music happens to be being played from a CD (hard to believe, but bear with me!), then you’ll be thankful the CD maker and the audio player manufacturer agreed to both work with a physical object that conforms to IEC 60908 ed2.0 (“Audio recording – Compact disc digital audio system”), and that maybe makes use of Standard ECMA-130 (also available as ISO/IEC 10149:1995). That Microsoft Office XML document you just opened somewhere? ISO/IEC 29500-1:2011. And so on…
- 39. So What AreOpen Standards?
- 40. “Standard - codifiedknowledge providing specifications for interfaces between software, systems or the documents and data that pass between them.” [Open Standards Consultation – Glossary] “*O]penstandards must allow all possible competitors to operate on a basis of equal access to the ability to implement the standard” [An Economic Basis for Open Standards, RA Ghosh]
- 41. “ For thepurpose of UK Government software interoperability, data and document formats, the definition of open standards is those standards which fulfil the following[5] criteria:
- 42. are maintained througha collaborative and transparent decision-making process that is independent of any individual supplier and that is accessible to all interested parties;
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- 44. Credit: Adam Cooper,CETIS http://blogs.cetis.ac.uk/adam/2008/03/18/beyond-standards-part-1/
- 45. are adopted bya specification or standardisationorganisation, or a forum or consortium with a feedback and ratification process to ensure quality;
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- 47. are published, thoroughly documentedand publicly available at zero or low cost;
- 48. as a wholehave been implemented and shared under different development approaches and on a number of platforms from more than one supplier, demonstrating interoperability and platform/vendor independence;
- 49. owners of patentsessential to implementation have agreed to licence these on a royalty free and non-discriminatory basis for implementing the standard and using or interfacing with other implementations which have adopted that same standard. Alternatively, patents may be covered by a non-discriminatory promise of non- assertion. Licences, terms and conditions must be compatible with implementation of the standard in both proprietary and open source software. These rights should be irrevocable unless there is a breach of licence conditions.
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- 52. Back to theData…
- 61. Open Standards Consultation http://consultation.cabinetoffice.gov.uk/openstandards/ StandardsHub http://standards.data.gov.uk/
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Editor's Notes
- #27 Here we see the result of pulling data into a Google Spreadsheet from a CSV file published at a particular web address. We now have the ability to run the full range of spreadsheet tools over the data – data which is being pulled in from the datastore, remember.(A similar functionality presumably exists in Microsoft Excel?)
- #61 Through the provision of an API on top of the aggregated local council data, OpenlyLocal can also be treated as a database in its own right. In the example shown here, committee membership is displayed via a treemap showing party affiliations of committee members. (Hovering over a particular grouping displays a list of names of council members on that committee from that party political grouping.) Whilst it would be a major task to take data from every council website in a variety of formats in order to generate similar views for other councils, the work done by OpenlyLocal in aggregating this data and then republishing it via a single API in a single format means that the treemap view can be applied to each council whose data is stored in OpenlyLocal.In passing, it is also worth mentioning how the use of visualisations can be helpful in cleaning data or identifying possible errors in it. In the above example, we see that party affiliations for councillors on the Isle of Wight Council are declared as both Liberal Democrat and and Liberal Democrat Group.