DIGITAL DEVICES

TYPES OF DIGITAL
DEVICES
MAINFRMAE COMPUTERS---------------------------------
--------------

• A large computer that can do may complicated jobs quickly.

• Used by large businesses and government agencies for bulk data
processing.
• More powerful than minicomputer.

Microprocessors
 • Device that control what a computer dose.
• It takes input, dose something with it and provide an output.
• Used to control washing machines, televisions and other household
appliances.

Personal computers (PCs)

Desktops------------------------------------
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UPGRADE
• To make a computer better and able to do more things

Peripheral Devices
• Connected to a computer and used with it
o Monitor
o Printer
o Mouse
o Keyboard

• DESKTOPS PROVIDE USERS WITH THE OPTION TO UPGRADE OR

ADD ADDITIONAL COMPONENTS.

• SOME DESKTOPS ARE "ALL IN ONE" THEY CONBINE MONITOR

WITH PC HARDWARE.
Laptops--------------------------------------
--------

• FEATURES OF LAPTOPS: Keyboard

Screen
Trackpad
Rechargeable battery
Q)What dose a rechargeable battery and small
size make a laptop good for?

o They can be taken away from desk which makes

them portable.
Portable
• Easy to carry or move.

Desktop replacements
 • Larger than other laptops.
• Have bigger and better quality screens and higher performance levels.

Q1) Where are PCs common?

Q2)what is the similarity between PCs , Desktops

and laptops?

Q3) What is the difference between desktops and

laptops
Q4) What is a disadvantage of desktops

Single board computers-----------

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• Affordable computers used in education.

• EX: Raspberry Pi Zero
• Cost very little
• Uses cheap microSD card as storage
Embedded Computing
• Computer hardware that is fixed into position and carries out a
specialist task.

Physical Computing
• Interactive systems that can sense and respond to the world around
them.

Mobile Phones-------------------------
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• Used to identify the subscriber to a mobile phone network.

Specialist phones
 • A phone that has specialisted features that provide users with functions
that meet particular needs.

User
• The person who uses a computer system.

Q1) What is an example of a feature only found

on a specialist phone ?

Q2) Why might someone need a specialist phone ?

Q3) What is an example of an accessibility

feature that may be found in specialist phones ?
Smart Phones

• Small computers that are connected to the Wi-Fi or mobile phone

connectivity which allow them to make phone calls and access to the
internet.
• Features: Cameras
Media Players
Hand held game consoles
• Have more advanced operating system than mobile phones.
• Applications or apps can be downloaded to the phone so user can
customize the smartphone with entertainment, educational and business
features.
 • Use touch screen to allow input information.
• Virtual keyboard is use to enter text numbers or other characters
• Since they have so many features smartphone use more power than
mobile phone so they have shorter battery life and needs to be charged
more regularly.

Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity)

• A way of connecting computers of other electronic machines to a network
or the internet by using radio signals rather than wires.

Game Console
• Electronic device that is used for playing computerized games on a
screen.

Application or Apps
• A program that allows a user to perform tasks.

Virtual Keyboard
• A keyboard displayed on and used via touchscreen.

Tablets---------------------------------------
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 • Bigger than smartphones but have similar features.
• Some tablets have sim card slots to allow internet connectivity using the
mobile phone network.
• They can be online when they are not within range of wi-fi signals.

Cameras & Camcorders------------

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• Camcorders- Capture moving images

• Camera- Capture still images
Q1) What affects the quality of an image
produced ?

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Q2) What will good image processor do ?

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Q3) What is Pixel ?

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Q4) How is the sensor resolution of a camera

expressed ?

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Q5) Why might a camera use more than one

sensor ?

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Q6) What is Resolution ?

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Q6) What is Pixelated ?

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Resolution Maximum display

(Number of pixels) size of image
(in pixels, width x
height) before
1.3 megapixels (1.3 1280 x 960
million pixels)
2 megapixels 1600 x 1200
3 megapixels 2048 x 1536
4 megapixels 2272 x 1704
8 megapixels and above 2560 x 1920
Home Entertainment systems--
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Television

• Display still and moving images on screen.

Q1) What makes a high definition (HD) television

better than standard definition televisions ?

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Q2) How is the resolution of the screen in number
of pixels stated ?

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Q3) What is stream ?

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Q4) What is smart ?

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Q5) Without spending any money, what speakers

can you usually get with a new TV ?

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Sound Systems
Q1) What is one benefit of connecting to a tv to an
external sound system ?

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Q2) What do an external sound system have but

not at all ?

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Q3) Where is it standard for sound systems to be

able to play music from ?
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Q4) What are some connectivity features of most

sound system. What can they usually connect to

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Q5) What kind of connections can most sound

systems make to play music from external
sources ?

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Q6) What is media player ?

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Q7) What dose USB stand for and what are its
uses ?

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Q8) What is Bluetooth ?

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Q9) What is an addition, but rather connectivity

feature of sound systems ?
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Q10) Why might a sound system connect to the

internet ?

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Personal Video Recorder (PVR)

• Records broadcasted content that can be watched at later date.

• Some satellite television devices contain both "SET-TOP-BOX" (STB).

Q1) What dose STB stand for and what are it's
uses ?
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Q2) What dose PVR stand for ?

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Q3) What is the function of PVR ?

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Q4) What is an example of televisions falling

into multiple categories of televisions ?
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Blu- ray and DVD players

Q1) What is the function of Blu-ray and DVD

Players ?

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Q2) What is the function of all Blu-ray disks ?

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Q3) What is a function of only newer 4k Ultra HD
Blu-ray players compared to standard Blu-ray ?

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Game Consoles-------------------------
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Q1) What is Avatar ?

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Q2) What different ways might game consoles

have to access media such as films ?

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Q3) What is data ?

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Q4) How is mobile gaming achieved ?

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Q5) What is the function of game console ?

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Q6) What is the umbrella term for the device used

to control things such as character and vehicles in
a video game ?
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Q7) what are motion sensors in game consoles

used for ?

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Q8) what is the benefit of using virtual reality

controllers and headsets in video games ?
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Q9) In what way are game consoles

multifunctional ?

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Media Players--------------------------
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Q1) How do media players provide video and
audio content to television ?

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Q2) How are media players connected to

televisions ?

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Q3) How are media players controlled ?

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Q4) What will some media player do, but others
won't

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Q5) What is flash memory ?

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Q6) Features of personal media players

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Q7) When are personal media players useful ?

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Q8) What makes a personal media player useful

when travelling ?

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Q9) What type of storage do personal media

players often use ?

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Q10) What is the benefit of using solid state flash

memory storage for personal media players ?

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Navigation Aids-----------------------
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Q1) what are navigation aids used for ?

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Q2) example of navigation aids

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Q3) what is meant by GPS and write its function ?

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Q4) How are maps stored for navigation aids ?

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Q5) What is a difference in connectivity needs

between GPS and navigation aids ?

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Q6) What are smart phones doing in car
navigation aids ?

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Q7) Where are navigation aids used for ?

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Q8) What visual aids can navigation aids give to

help the user find their way ?

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Q9) What are some examples of features of
specialist navigation aids ?

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Q10) Who might need specialist navigation aids ?

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Q11) How do navigation aids find out where a

device is ?

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Q12) What will navigation aids use to find the

orientation of a device on a map ?

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Home automation and smart

assistants----------------------------------
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Q1) What is the function of home automation
devices ?

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Q2) What do home automation devices work

together to do ?

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Q3) How are home automation devices
controlled ?

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Multifunctional devices and

convergence--------------------------------
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Q1) What is multifunctional device ?

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Q2) What is a smart phone and what does this
say about its primary function ?

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Q3) What is convergence ?

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Q4) How do smartphones change over time that

causes them to coverage ?

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Q5) How are tablet devices and mobile phones
converging ?

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Features of digital devices

Q1) What is connectivity ?

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Q2) What features of digital devices may vary but
will always be true ?

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Q3) What are two biggest factors of a device

portability ?

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PERFROMANCE

Q1) What is a processor ?

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Q2) What dose RAM stand for ?

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Q3) What is the function of RAM ?

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Q4) What is virtual memory ?

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Q5) What dose high performance device do ?

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Q6) How is the speed at which a device performs

determined ?

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Q7) Where do instructions go from RAM ?

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Q8) What will faster RAM do better ?

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Q9) What is a feature of a larger RAM ?

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Q10) Where do instructions going to RAM come

from ?

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Q11) What is the feature of a faster storage in

relation to RAM ?

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Q12) What will fast storage mean in relation to

virtual memory ?
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Storage---------------------------------------
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Q1) Define file

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Q2) Define program

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Q3) What is stored in storage ?

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Q4) What dose more available storage allow ?

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User Interface---------------------------
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Q1) How can software be created well ?

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Q2) How do users give commands ?

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Q3) What is user interface ?

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Command line interface (CLI)

Q1) How does a command line interface work ?

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Q2) Where are command line interfaces most

commonly found ?
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Q3) What is an advantage of command line

interface ?

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Q4) What is a disadvantage of command line

interface ?

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Q5) Helpful feature of command line interface ?

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Menu-Driven Interface

Q1) What is menu driven interface ?

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Q2) Selecting an option in menu driven interface

will……

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Q3) What is an advantage of menu driven
interface ?

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Q4) What is an disadvantage of menu driven

interface ?

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Q5) Where can menu driven interface be found ?

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Graphical User Interface

Q1) What dose GUI stand for ?

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Q2) How is GUI controlled ?

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Q3) What dose GUI use ?

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Q4) What is Window ?

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Q5) What is an icon ?

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Q6) What is an menu ?

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Q7) What is a disadvantage of GUI ?

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Voice Interface

Q1) What is Voice interface ?

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Q2) How do voice interface work ?

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Q3) How is storage saved on a device with a voice

interface ?

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Q4) What is a disadvantage of voice interfaces ?

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Q5) How do voice interfaces reduce the risks of

returning an incorrect match ?

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Q6) How do voice interfaces improve ?

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Q7) What is and advantage of voice interface ?

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Q8) Where are voice interfaces often used due to

their hands free option ?

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Gesture User Interface

Q1) What id gesture user interface ?

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Q2) Where are gesture user interface most

commonly found ?
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Connectivity-------------------------------
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Q1) What can connectivity do ?

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Q2) What can different connectivity types provide ?

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Q3) What are the benefits of wired connectivity ?

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Q4) What id backup ?

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Q5) What are the drawbacks of using wired

connection ?

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Media Support-------------------------
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Q1) What is media ?

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Q2) Examples of Media ?

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Energy Consumption----------------
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Q1) Benefit of lower energy consumption in

mobile devices?

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Expansion Capabilities------------
--------
Q1) What expansion capabilities do most mobile
phones have ?
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Q2) How can pc or mobile systems be expanded

and give an example ?

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Q3) What is a benefit of additional USB ports ?

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Security Features-----------------------
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Software Security

Q1) What is lock ?

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Q2) What is wipe ?

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Q3) What makes a good password ?

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Q4) Example for biometric scanner on phone and

what's its use ?
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Physical Security

Q1) How are physical security used and give an

example ?

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Types of Peripheral Devices-----

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Input Devices

Q1) What is Input peripherals ?

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Keyboards
Q1) What are Keyboards ?

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Q2) What might you need a different keyboard

for ?

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Q3) What is Shortcut ?

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Q4) What if touch typing ?

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Q5) What is the benefit of touch typing ?

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Q6) What is Mapped ?

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Pointing Devices

Q1) What is a pointer ?

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Q2) Define Mouse ?

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Q3) Define Tracker ball ?

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Q4) Define Track pad ?

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Q5) Define Joystick ?

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Q6) What is sprites ?

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Q7) Define Graphic tablet ?

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Q8) What is stylus ?

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Scanner

Q1) Define scanner ?

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Q2) What is meant by OCR and write its use ?

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Q3) What is meant by OMR and write its use ?

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Barcode Scanner

Q1) What is Barcode ?

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Q2) What are the two types of barcodes

(alphabetically)?
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Q3) Another name for Matrix codes ?

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Q4) Matrix codes can hold more ----------------------------

--- than liner barcodes.

Q5) Matrix codes can be…… ?

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Q6) What is meant by virtual store ?

A virtual store is a new type of digital shopping

experience that provides a much higher level
of engagement and immersion for the
customer. At the simplest level, virtual stores
are 3D, 360 full-page visual experiences that
live on a brand’s e-commerce site. Customers
can navigate around the virtual store on their
phones or computers, similar to how you
would browse around a real-life
store. Products are visually merchandised
within a virtual store, and customers can pick
up a product as they move around.

Webcam

Q1) Define Webcam ?

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Microphone
Q1) How does a microphone work ?

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Q2) What is a microphone used for ?

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Q3) Define diaphragm

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Q4) Define Analogue

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Q5) What is sound card ?

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Q6) What dose VoIP stand for ?

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Q7) VoIP use ?

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Touch Screen
Q1) What are the two types of touch screens ?

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Q2) What is capacitive ?

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Q3) How do resistive touch screens work ?

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Q4) What is the benefit of resistive touch screens

compared to capacitive touch screens ?

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Q5) What is an disadvantage of resistive screens

compared to capitative screens (light) ?

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Q6) Why aren't resistive screens suitable for multi

touch applications ?
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Q7) How do capacitive touch screens work ?

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Q9) What is conductive ?

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Biometric Scanner

Q1) How do biometric scanners work ?

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Q2) Define Fingerprint Recognition ?

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Q3) Define facial recognition ?

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Q4) Define voice recognition ?

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Q5) Define Iris Recognition ?

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Card readers

Q1) what are card readers used for?

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Q2) How can the data be used ?

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Q3) What are the three methods cards can carry

data ? And define them.

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Q4) Define the Radio Frequency Identification

(RFID) and Near Field Communication (NFC)

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Q1) What are sensors?

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Q2) What is smart home?

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Q3) What are the benefits of sensors ?

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Q4) What are the factors of sensors ?

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Output devices

Q1) What are the form of output

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Monitor

Q1) What are the features of monitor ?

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Printer

Q1) What are the 3 types of standard printers ?

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Q2) What are the types of impact printers ?

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Q3) What are the types of non-impact printers ?

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Q4) Write the differences between impact and non-

impact

Impact Non-Impact
Q5) Write the differences between inkjet and laser
printer ?

Inkjet Laser
Q6) What is discharge and toner ?

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Data Projector

Q10) What are the features and explain ?

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Speaker

Q1) What is stereo sound?

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Q2) What is surround sound ?

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Q3) What is mono sound ?

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Q4) What is a control device and write examples ?

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Secondary Storage ( Storage)--
---------
Q1) What is meant by volatile ?

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Q2) What is secondary storage used for ?

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Devices

Q1) What is virtual memory ?

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Q2) what is motherboard ?

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Q3) Where are internal and external drives

connected ?

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Q4) What are the types of storage devices ?

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Q5) What is meant by backward compatibility ?

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Media

Hard disks

• Hard disks are made up of many concentric platters. These platters

make up a cylinder that spins on a central spindle. A read/write head
moves on an arm across tracks on the platter. The amount of time
that it takes the read/ write head to access data on the tracks is
determined by how fast the cylinder of platters spins and how fast
the read/write head is moved across the tracks. When reading, a
read/write head changes the magnetic field into electrical current.
When writing, it transforms electrical current into a magnetic field.
• Typical spin speeds are 5400 revolutions per minute (rpm) or 7200
rpm.
• The average seek time for a read/write head is 4–15 milliseconds
(ms)
Optical Media
Types of optical media include CDs, DVDs and Blu-ray disks.

CDs can store up to 700 MB of data. The data is written to the disk using a
laser, which writes data to a plastic layer beneath layers of aluminum and acrylic.

DVDs look very much like CDs. Data is written to DVDs using a shorter
wavelength of red laser light, which allows DVDs to store more data. They can
store 4.7 GB on a single-sided, single-layer disk. Double-sided, duallayer disks can
store as much as 18 GB.

Blu-ray disks are similar to CDs and DVDs, but use a scratch-protection
coating. Violet laser light is used to store data at greater density than the red laser
light used in DVDs. They can store 25 GB on a single-sided disk, and double-sided
disks can store 50 GB.

All optical media is recordable and is known as CD-R, DVD-R or BD-R. Some CDs
and DVDs can be rewritten (CD-RW, DVD-RW), and some Blu-ray media can be
written then erased and rewritten (BD-RE)
Flash Media
Flash media are more energy-efficient than hard disks as they do not have moving
parts. For the same reason, they are also less likely to fail when they are moved
around. This makes them suitable for use in portable devices.

Magnetic Tape
Magnetic tape was originally designed to record sound, but it is now also used to
store data
Q1) How do different media players interpret 0 or
1?

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SIM- SUBSCRIBER IDENTITY MODULE