What is computer-aided drawing?

Computer-aided design (CAD) has become a great tool for the

manufacturing of objects such as machinery, tools, as well as for the construction of simple ones
home elements. Currently, all companies make use of various software for
CAD for the production of your products, since through the drawings made in these
programs design their products using graphics that make it easier for people to understand the steps
what they will carry out in the manufacturing of their product, in addition to ensuring that they are
complying with the standards of various quality assessment systems.

In our project, the use of CAD has helped us make our work easier, so you
we invite you to start exploring the vast world of computer-aided drawing.

Most commonly used drawing programs currently:

1. Autocad:Autodesk AutoCAD is asoftwareCADused for drawing2Dy
modeling3D.It is currently developed and marketed by the companyAutodesk.
The name AutoCAD originates from the creation of the company Autodesk, in
queAuto refers to the company that created the software andCADa Assisted Design
by Computer (short for "Computer Aided Design"), having its
first appearance in 1982.1AutoCAD is a internationally recognized software
for its extensive editing capabilities, which make digital drawing of plans possible
of buildings or the recreation of images in 3D; it is one of the most used programs
by architects, engineers, industrial designers, and others.
MicroStation is a program forCADdeveloped byBentley Systems.

In 1985, the first version of MicroStation, called PseudoStation, was released to the market.
developed in 1980 by the company Bentley Systems, which was at that time a subsidiary of Intergraph
In 1987, the first version with file format appears.DGN,what was also the
first version to adopt the definitive name MicroStation, with version 2.0.

After version 3.0, released in late 1988, version 4.0 emerged in 1990, with
ainterfacemuch improved, ability to import filesDWGand a language of its own for
develop applications called MicroStation Development Language (MDL).

In 1993, MicroStation 5.0 is released on the market, the last version supported inLinux.

With the emergence ofWindows 95MicroStation 95 is created, which abandons the system of
previous numbering, just like its next version, MicroStation SE, from 1997; latest
multiplatform version of the product. Henceforth, the program will only have support for the
Operating Systems ofMicrosoft.
In 1998, MicroStation J is launched, which incorporates the languageJavain its MDL, passing to
to be named JMDL.

But the version that represented the most significant change was the one released in 2001: MicroStation V8,
which modifies the DGN file system, which are renamed DGN V8, and that by
first time is capable of working natively with DWG files. Subsequent versions
MicroStation V8 has been succeeded, including different improvements: V8.1, V8 2004 and the
latest to date, in 2006, the V8 XM Edition.

most used programs for design

graphic

.- Illustrator
With a total of 46,136 users, this program is one that must be foundational in the
knowledge of a logo or vector designer.

6.-Google SketchUp
With 52,534 users, it is a platform focused on creating 3D objects. It is free.

5.ACDsee Pro
It is a program that includes many photo editing tools and 65,239 users.
they prefer.

4.-Gimp
With 93,317 votes, this application is the equivalent of Photoshop but free.

3.-Corel Draw
It is the strongest competitor to Photoshop, during its early days it was the most famous platform and
168,871 people still prefer it.

Picasa
With 424,505 preferences, this photo editing platform is not considered one of the most
professionals, but of the most effective and fastest.

1.- Photoshop
It is the superstar tool of all design programs. The term 'Photoshop' is already
part of the language of all designers. 495.155 prefer it.

2D and 3D animation
There are a variety of differences between 2D animation and 3D animation. 2D animation
it is a form of art that became popular in the 19th century with the creation of the zoetrope and the
picture books or "flipbooks", and was later refined by pioneers such as
Walt Disney. The advancement in computer technology allowed for the emergence
from 3D animation, which is now commonly used to create special effects in
movies. Although both are forms of animation, the capabilities of each one and
The process for creating them differs significantly.

Creatinganimations
3D animation can only be created on a computer using programs like
3D Studio Max or LightWave 3D. Although 2D animation can also be created in
a computer using programs like Adobe Flash, a 2D animation as well
it can be created using paper, with individual drawings on each page that simulate
movement.

Movement
Objects in 2D animations can only be moved horizontally (x-axis) to
similar movements forward and backward, and vertically (y-axis) for movements
up and down. In 3D animations, objects can also move
closer or farther from the person watching the animation (along the z-axis). If you want
to make an object appear closer in a 3D animation, you would move it closer in the
In a 2D animation, the object must be drawn larger to create this effect.

Objects
Objects in 2D animation are flat, like in a painting or photograph. If you look at the
front part of a house in a 2D animation, this is the only part of the house that
It exists in animation. In 3D animation, objects are like sculptures. They have
front, back, top and bottom. Therefore, you can see a 3D house from
any angle.
Camera
3D animation programs use a virtual camera as part of the process of
animation. This camera has many more functions than a real camera, including
focal distance. The camera also moves similarly to the camera of a
movie, which includes zooms, pans, and tracking shots. This advanced technology is not
necessary to create 2D animations.

Lighting
3D animation programs use virtual lights that can simulate spotlights,
bulbs or even in the sun. You can also use colored lights and various light sources
to create a variety of special effects. The objects that pass in front of these
lights cast realistic shadows on the other objects in the scene. In the animation
2D, the shadows must be drawn by hand.
Realism
3D animation, through the use of 3D models and realistic textures, can create
images that are virtually indistinguishable from real life. Even the highest
2D quality still has a hand-drawn cartoon appearance.
Motioncaptureandrotoscoping
To make the animation process easier, 3D animation can use a
process called motion capture. This involves an actor wearing a suit
special with dozens of points about it. As the actor moves, the camera uses
these points as a reference to animate the 3D character. They can also be used
numerous points on the actor's face to capture facial expressions and
mouth movements for the dialogues. 2D animation cannot use motion capture.
movement but can use a similar process, rotoscoping. This involves tracing
on top of a live video with actors, frame by frame, to help create the
animation.

Specialeffects
In 2D animation, special effects, such as fire, smoke, movement of
water and the explosions must be carefully drawn in each frame. In the
3D animation, these effects can be generated with plugins or filters
specials, which automatically generate the animated effect after indicating
some parameters.