Task 1.1 Software and Its Classification.
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1. What is software or computer program?
software -in the strict sense- is a set of computer programs, procedures,
rules, documentation and associated data that are part of the operations of a system
of computing to perform specific tasks. The term 'software' was used for the first time
was by John W. Tukey in 1957. The word 'software' is a contrast to 'hardware'; the
software runs within the hardware.
2. How is software classified? Define each type and provide examples.
example (at least 2).
System Software: it is what allows our hardware to function in a
correct.
Application Software: also known as utility software, and it is about
the applications, programs, and tools that we actively use according to
our needs.
Programming Software: it is surely the most important of all, because without it
the different types of software we mentioned earlier could have been created. It is a
basic software class for IT and application development.
Programmers create software using different programs such as editors of
text, compilers like GCC, IDE environments (integrated development environment),
version control managers such as Git, as well as server software (e.g., Nginx) for
test your developments if necessary. This applies to almost all languages of
programming of the world (C, C++, Python, Ruby, NodeJS, PHP, ASP.NET, etc.).
Malicious Software: Malicious software, also known as 'Malware', refers to
of a type of software that is actually not in any previous category, but rather
it has its own category of software type as it is neither system software nor
application and less of programming.
Types of Malware that we can find on our computer systems:
Virus
Malware
Spyware
Rootkits
Dialers
Backdoors
Trojans
Worms
Keyloggers
3. How are the different types of software subclassified?
mentioned in the previous section?
Freeware
Freeware is all software for a computer that can be downloaded to your computer and then
distribute it without any kind of payment in between, that is to say, it is free software.
Freeware programs can be software applications, development tools, or even games.
Generally, these programs are small portions of larger programs that if
they are payments.
While freeware is a type of free software, it is protected by copyright.
people therefore cannot sell it (although they can distribute it for free).
The source code of freeware applications is not available in most cases.
Shareware
This classification of software applies to all those programs that can be distributed without
problem, but they have limitations that make those who use it have to pay for it after a
trial period.
The source code is usually not available, so it does not allow any user to
modify freely, unlike free software.
Unlike freeware, it cannot be copied and installed without first paying a usage license.
Examples of shareware are programs that come with trial periods.
Free software
Free software, also known as Free software in Spanish, is the software that allows
to copy, modify and distribute without any restrictions.
It can be free software, but paid, or free but at no cost since the source code
(source code) will always be available.
Free software is not always free software, it is the great confusion that reigns in large spheres.
of the global software market. It refers not to the price of the program, but to its license in
reality.
Open Source Software
There is another way to see how software is classified, and it is through the Open license.
Open Code in Spanish.
Unlike free software, open source software can be distributed, copied and
to be modified, but at all times it is necessary to notify the users of the changes to the
community that supports and backs this software as collaborators.
Here comes into play something very important, which is intellectual property, which must be
shared among all those who have created and modified the program over the years.
Proprietary Software
This is a very popular form of software that most people are familiar with,
It refers to all software that is not free, it is also known as proprietary software.
owner.
A classic example of proprietary software is the Microsoft Office suite, or
Microsoft Windows, the operating system so famous that it runs on many of your devices.
computer scientists.
Being proprietary means that the source code is not available, you cannot modify it, and much more.
less distribute it.
Commercial software
Commercial software is simply that which aims to make money, that is,
generate monetary profits for the company or person who developed it.
Proprietary software is almost always commercial, but in many cases commercial software
it can become free software because by paying for it you can then access its source code
to modify it to your liking.
4. Write in a table at least ten corresponding software
to each type (system software, application software,
communication software, programming software, others).
Software of Software of Software of Software of
system application programming communication
Chargers of Lazarus Spreadsheet software MirrorFly
programs. of calculation.
Delphi operating systems Software Slack
plotter.
drivers of Eclipse Software for RingCentral
devices processor of
texts.
tools of IBM COBOL Software of Zoom
programming communication.
Utility programs. PyCharm Software of GoToMeeting
entertainment.
surroundings of Netbeans IDE Skype editing software
desktop/interface of audio and video.
user interface
command line. GeneXus Software of Lifesize
groupware.
BIOS. CodeLite Software Xgenplus
business.
Hypervisors Atom Medical software. TxtSync
Graphical interface Adobe Software of Speak Up
Dreamweaver simulation.
5. What is referred to as free software and establish differences
with commercial software?
Free software: It is the designation of software that respects the freedom of users
about the product purchased, that is, it refers to the freedom of users to execute,
copy, distribute, study, modify the software or distribute it modified.
Difference between them:
These two types of software have advantages that represent them, for example, free software
tends to be very efficient since many people optimize it and it ends up improving for everyone
people, while commercial software offers better benefits in construction of
custom applications because the service for this is being charged.
6. Cite seis softwares por cada una de las categorías; libre y
commercial.
Free software: Ares
Mozilla Firefox
Apache Open Office
Clam Win Free Antivirus.
Moodle
Vuze (formerly Azureus)
Commercial use software: Microsoft Windows.
Microsoft Office.
Adobe Photoshop.
iOS.
TeamViewer.
Avast Antivirus.
7. What permissions are granted to the users of the
free software and under what license?
The free software licenses of the Free Software Foundation or FSF are the most
used for free software programs. The FSF believes that free software must
grant the following four freedoms to the user for software to be considered as software
free.
8. List the most popular Operating Systems (OS) today
and classify them as free and commercial.
These are the most used operating systems today.
Free to use: Chrome OS, DexOS, DexOS, FreeDOS, Haiku.
For commercial use: Windows, Mac OS, Red Hat, Suse Linux Enterprise.
9. Cite some of the restrictions that software providers
established for a commercial software.
1. One Copy per Device. You can install a copy of the software on one device. That device will be
the "licensed team".
2. Licensed Equipment. You may use the software simultaneously on up to two processors.
of the licensed team. Unless otherwise provided in these terms of license, it may not
use the software on no other equipment.
3. Number of Users. Unless otherwise provided in these license terms, the
software cannot be used by more than one user at a time.
10. Mention the fundamental characteristics and functions of a
Operating System.
It is the intermediary between the user and the hardware.
It is necessary for the operation of all computers, tablets, and mobile phones.
Provides security and protects the programs and files of the computer.
It is designed to be user-friendly and easy to use.
