Syllabus for Teachers

Vocational Training Technicians

Pattern Making and Sewing

Published in the Official State Bulletin on February 13, 1996

OCTOBER 1997

PATTERN MAKING AND SEWING

1. The productive sectors of the textile, apparel, and leather industry. Distribution
geographical. Organization of companies: objectives, functions, and activities. Models
organizational.

2. Textile materials: fibers, threads, non-wovens, and woven fabrics. Classification, properties, and
characteristics. Identification procedures.

3. Manufacturing process of threads, fabrics, non-wovens, and coatings. Classification.

phases and teams.

4. Textile ennoblement: types of treatment, characteristics and properties that it

they confer to the products. Treatment processes.

5. Skin and leather. Nature and characteristics. Structure and parts of the skin. Process of
tanned, characteristics and properties. Identification of tanned hides: defects.
Commercial classification of finished leathers.
6. Styles and evolution of dressing trends throughout historical periods.
Evolution of forms.

7. Classification and identification of garments, footwear, and textile and leather articles, according to
population segment, use and social function. Characteristics and components.

8. Factors that condition the development of patterns for the preparation of an article
the complement of dressing. Selection criteria. Viability. Manufacturability.

9. Techniques for obtaining shapes and volumes that can be applied in

Pattern making. Geometric elements that shape a pattern.

10. Sizing and measurement systems based on population, shape, and age for
clothing and footwear. Standard sizes or numbers. Increments and proportions. Points
reference anatomical points. Direct measurements. Measuring instruments.

11. Systems and techniques of pattern making for the production of garments for different
population segments. Base patterns: types, characteristics, and parameters.

12. Systems and techniques of pattern making for obtaining footwear for different
population segments. Types. Characteristics. Components. Molds.
Proportionality.

13. Pattern-making techniques for obtaining leather goods. Types,

characteristics and components.

14. Processes and procedures for the definition of type patterns by flat development
Modeling or fitting of garments. Breakdown of components of the articles.
Transformations. Tolerances. Internal and external information that must contain a
boss.

15. Processes and procedures for the definition of template types by modeling or adjustment
And/or footwear design. Breakdown of components of articles.
Transformations. Tolerances. Internal and external information that must be contained in a
boss.

16. Processes and procedures for the definition of standard patterns, through flat development
of leather goods articles. Breakdown of article components. Components of
armor and/or casing. Internal and external information that must contain a pattern.
17. Processes and procedures for the creation of patterns for prototypes of
outer garments for different population segments. Types, transformations,
significant parameters.

18. Processes and procedures for the development of patterns for prototypes of
underwear and corsetry for different segments of the population. Types,
transformations, significant parameters.

19. Processes and procedures for the development of patterns for prototypes of
Footwear for different population segments. Types, transformations, parameters
significant.

20. Processes and procedures for the creation of patterns for prototypes of
leather goods for different uses. Types, transformations, parameters
significant.

21. Techniques for aesthetic-anatomical and functional analysis of prototypes. Criteria for the
prototype testing (evaluation) of outer and inner garments
about person or mannequin. Predictable modifications and corrections. Accessories.

22. Techniques for aesthetic-anatomical and functional analysis of prototypes. Criteria for the
prototyping tests (evaluation) of footwear on a person or last.
Predictable modifications and corrections. Complements.

23. Conventional and automatic or computer tools and instruments for pattern making,
scaled and marked. Characteristics, constitution, principles of operation,
significant parameters and maintenance. Characteristics and performance of the
programs.

24. Fundamentals and techniques for the execution of garment and footwear scaling. Sizes
base and limits. Proportions and increments. Scaling points. Position and
displacement of points. Conventional and automatic scaling. Tolerances and
matching of scaled patterns. Adjustment and retouching of measurement proportions.

25. Techniques, processes, and procedures for the distribution of patterns (marked) for
the cutting of fabrics or laminated surfaces. Types of patterns. Distribution and fitting of
patterns. Size combination. Cutting system that will be used.

26. Techniques and procedures for calculating the yield of marked cuts
tissues or laminar surfaces. Optimization procedures. Parameters of
positioned. Uni or multilayer. Methods and processes of marked reproduction:
conventional or automatic.

27. Techniques, processes, and procedures for the distribution of patterns for cutting
skins. Calculation procedure for yield or footage.

28. Manufacturing systems used in clothing, footwear, and leather goods.

Classification, types, and characteristics. Functional analysis.

29. Transport systems used in clothing, footwear, and leather goods.

Classification and characteristics. Technical resources for transportation and maintenance.
Teams and instruments.

30. Techniques and implementation processes used in clothing, footwear and

leathergoods. Influence on costs and product quality. Balanced.

31. Methods and production times used in clothing, footwear and

leather goods. Work study. Time study: timing techniques and
predetermined times. Control of production and activity. Indices of
productivity. Techniques and methods of analysis.

32. Quality control in process and in product used in clothing, footwear and
leather goods. Interrelation between process/product parameters. Techniques of
monitoring and procedures. Process control by variables and attributes. Causes of
variability. Inspection equipment and instruments.

33. Textile, laminated or shaped materials used in the making of garments and
articles. Classification, characteristics, properties, tests for the determination of
its origin.

34. Textile materials, laminated, shaped or prefabricated used in the

manufacturing of footwear and leather goods. Classification, characteristics,
properties, tests for determining their origin.

35. Skins and leathers used in the manufacture of garments and articles. Classification,
characteristics, properties. Processes and treatment of obtaining.

36. Hides and leathers used in the manufacture of footwear and leather goods.
Classification, characteristics, properties. Processes and extraction treatments.
37. Sheet materials made of plastics and composites used in the making of
garments, footwear, and leather goods. Types, characteristics, forms of
identification, properties and tests.

38. Techniques for preparing tissues and other laminar materials for cutting.
Review, relaxation, and dimensional stability. Machines and auxiliary equipment.
Maintenance.

39. Selection and preparation of hides and leathers for the production of garments, footwear and
leather goods. Parameters that need to be controlled.

40. Techniques, processes, and procedures for manual and/or mechanical cutting of fabrics and
other laminated materials. Parameters that must be controlled: during cutting and in the
materials. Machines, tools, and auxiliary equipment. Maintenance. Standards of
personal and usage security.

41. Techniques, processes, and procedures for manual cutting of skins and leathers. Parameters
that must be controlled: in cutting and in materials. Tools, utensils, and equipment
assistants. Maintenance. Personal and usage safety standards.

42. Techniques, processes, and procedures for automatic cutting (CAD) of fabrics and others
laminar materials. Parameters that must be controlled: in the cutting and in the materials.
Behavior. Machines and equipment. Types and characteristics. Regulation and
programming of them.

43. Techniques, processes, and procedures for pressure cutting of skins, leathers, fabrics and
laminar materials. Parameters that must be controlled. Presses or die-cutters,
tools and auxiliary equipment. Maintenance. Safety and usage standards.

44. Extension techniques and positioning procedures by manual method,

mechanical and/or automatic (CAD) of fabrics and laminated materials. Single and multilayer.
Parameters that must be controlled. Equipment, machines, tools and equipment
assistants. Types and characteristics. Regulation and programming. Maintenance.
Safety and usage rules.

45. Process and procedures for preparing components cut by different

systems. Review. Parameters that must be controlled. Identification and grouping.
Distribution of components by articles or by set. Packaging and control.

46. Assembly systems. By sewing: stitches and

seams. Characteristics, constitution, forms of identification (symbology),
properties. Tests and procedures. Defects. Standards: UNE. By non-sewing: gluing,
thermo-sealing and/or thermo-fixing. Characteristics, types, and behaviors. Parameters.
Adhesives and glues: types and behaviors. Machines, tools, and equipment
assistants.

47. Sewing threads: types, physical properties, characteristics. Factors that influence it
thread consumption. Specialized threads. Defects.

48. Sewing machines: classification and types. Kinematics: transformation of

movement. Stitch formation. Feeding mechanisms. Systems of
Dragging. Needles: classification, characteristics, and functions. Operation and regulation.

49. Process and procedure for preparing tissue and laminar components for
assembly: types, characteristics. Auxiliary machines and equipment. Parameters that are
they must control.

50. Process and procedure for preparing skin and leather components for the
assembly: types, characteristics. Auxiliary machines and equipment. Parameters that are
They must control.

51. Joining techniques for components by sewing for garment making and
articles. Types and characteristics. Specific assembly processes and procedures
more suitable for the production of each type of product.

52. Joining techniques for component stitching for shoe manufacturing and
leather goods. Types and characteristics. Processes and procedures of
specific assembly best suited for the production of each type of product.

53. Embroidery and/or quilting techniques and procedures. Types and characteristics.
Machines and auxiliary equipment. Number of heads and needles. Characteristics and
program benefits.

54. Techniques and procedures for assembly: shaping and molding of footwear. Types
and features. Types of lasts. Prefabricated components. Types and features.
Finishes. Auxiliary machines and equipment.

55. Vulcanization and injection process. Types and characteristics. Procedures and
parameters. Machines and equipment.

56. Supplies and auxiliary elements used in garments and articles, footwear and
leather goods: types, characteristics, methods of identification, properties.
Behavior in response to physicochemical attacks.

57. Techniques and procedures for assembling and mounting leather goods.
Types and characteristics. Finish: type and parameters. Products. Safety standards.

58. Wet finishes of garments and articles. Characteristics and qualities that
you can confer. Types of: washing, dyeing, softening and tumbling. Parameters.
Products. Process and procedures. Behavior of materials. Machines and
Equipment. Handling and operation.

59. Dry finishes of garments and items. Characteristics and qualities that can
check. Ironing, thermal fixing and steaming. Types and parameters. Processes and
procedures. Behavior of materials. Machines and equipment.

60. Commercial presentation of items. Types and characteristics. Procedures of

presentation of different products. Technical, aesthetic and commercial criteria.
folding and bagging
of composition, preservation, and commercial labels.

61. Methods and techniques for verifying the quality of finished articles
manufacturing, footwear and leather goods. Types and characteristics. Defects. Corrections.
Levels of requirements. Agreed quality.

62. Maintenance of cutting, assembly, assembly, and finishing machines

clothing, footwear, and leather goods. Types and applications. Methods of inspection and
operation. Maintenance plans.

63. Safety in the processes of garment manufacturing, footwear, and leather goods. Factors and
risk situations. Means, equipment, and techniques for personal and
installations. Environmental prevention and protection.

64. Management of information on the processes of tailoring, footwear, and leather goods.
Types of documentation. Organization of information flows. Systems of
treatment and filing.

65. Colorimetry. Light, vision, and color. Chromatic coordinates and color differences.
Metamerism. Color measurement equipment.