DATA COMMUNICATION AND
NETWORKING
STRAND:INTERNET 1
(BACKGROUD OF INTERNET)
GROUP 6
WHAT IS THE INTERNET
The internet is a worldwide system of connected computer
that can share information, send messages, and access
website. Each computer in this global system of computers
has its own unique address that is Internet Protocol (IP).
The Internet Basics
The internet connects device through modems, broadband, or
mobile networks with help from Internet Service
Provider(ISPs), often using Wi-Fi. People use browsers and
search engines to explore websites and find information .
SOME USES OF THE INTERNET
The Internet could be used for the following;
Send and receive messages from friends and relations using
the Electronic Mail (E-Mail)
Search for jobs/ Apply for jobs online
Plan a career
Read National and International Newspapers and Magazines
For downloading files
For group discussions
HOW TO GET CONNECTED TO
INTERNET
Through modem: Modem connects your
computer to the internet using phone lines, cable,
or fiber from an Internet Service Provider(ISP)
A web browser like Internet Explore is a
program used to access the internet. It lets you visit
website by typing in addresses or clicking links.
You can view pages, watch videos, and read or
send information online.
GETTING CONNECTED – ISP’s
ISP(Internet Service Provider)
The ISPs are providers who are already connected to the
internet and provide a path or connection for individual to
access the internet. The ISP connects to its customer using
a data transmission technology appropriate for delivering
Internet service, such as dial up, cable modem, wireless or
satellite. Some of ISPs in Ghana are MTN, Airtel-Tigo,
Telecel etc.
INTERNET ADDRESS
An internet address is a unique way to identify a place on
the internet. The address on the internet is known as
Uniform Resource Locator(URL). A typical Internet
address would look like
http://www.nos.org/computers/internet/ur.htm
URL locates a particular web page, among all the
computer connected to the internet. It contains the
component that specify the
Protocol, Server and Pathname of an item
Cont.
The protocol is followed by a colon (http:);
The server is preceded by two slashes (//www.nos.org),
The pathname is preceded by a single slash
(/computers/internet/url.htm)
WORLD WIDE WEB
World Wide Web (WWW) is a collection of interconnected
documents, images and other resources, linked by hyperlinks and
URLs. It is managed and controlled by the World Wide Web
Consortium(W3C). This institution seeks to ensure that all web
technologies become compatible with each other. It is developed
by Timothy Berners-Lee.
The web contain hypertext and hypermedia documents.
Hypertext document is one that contains hyperlink to another
document located on the same computer or on another computer
in a network/Internet.
Cont.
Hyperlink is colored and underlined text or graphic that you
click to go to a file, location in a file, web page on the world
wide web.
Hypermedia is a name given to documents that contain links
to text, graphics, video and sound files.
Web browser is a program that interprets HTML document
and displays web pages and web sites.
Search engine is a program that searches document for
specified keywords and returns a list of the document where the
keywords were found. It is designed to search for information
on the world Wide Web and FTP servers.
Cont.
Search service on the internet come in two main
flavors and they are;
Search engine that index words or terms in
Internet document
Directories that classify Web documents or
location into an arbitrary subject classification
scheme or taxonomy
Cont.
Some popular search engines are as follows;
Google –http://www.google.com
Yahoo!-http://www.yahoo.com
Alta Vista-http://www.altavista.digital.com
Ask.com
Lycos-http://www.lycos.com
HTTP(Hyper Text Transfer
Protocol)
Hyper Text Transfer Protocol is a protocol used for
transferring data on the World Wide Web. When you visit a
website in your browser, your browser uses HTTP to request
pages and resources from a web server.
Using the internet: E-mail, File Transfer/Downloading
E-MAIL (ELECTRONIC MAIL)
Electronic mail is the method of transmitting data, text file
digital photos, or audio and video file from one computer to
another over the Internet. Or it is electronic transmission of
letters, messages , and programs through the internet.
Component of an E-mail Address.
Local part: is the part before the @. (
Eg.nerominash46@gmail.com),"nero2minash46" is the local
part which is the name of a mailbox on the destination
computer, where finally the mail will be delivered.
Cont.
gmail is the mail server where the mailbox ,"nerominash46" exist.
.com is the domain extension that represent the type of organization provides the
service on the internet.
Domain extensions is the part of a website address.
.gov-for government organization. Eg. http://www.moe.government.gh
.com- for commercial organization. Eg. http://www.google.com
.edu for education usually a college or university. Eg. https://www.tace.edu.gh
etc.
NB: the purpose of this domain extension was to give a clear goal of an institution
or company
Sending and Receiving Mail
The following points are the steps to send email message using email
application such as Hotmail, Gmail,or Yahoomail.
Open the Email Application
Click on Compose or New
Enter the Recipient’s Email Address
Add a Subject
Write Your Message
Add Attachments
Review Your Email
Click "send ". The sent messages are stored in electronic mailboxes.
File Transfer
File Transfer is the transmission of a computer file through
a communication channel from one computer to another.
Usually, file transfer is mediated by a communications
protocol.
File Transfer Protocol is an internet utility software used to
upload and download files.
It gives access to directories or folders on remote computers.
It also allows software, data and text files to be transferred
different kinds of computers.
GROUP MEMBERS
NAMES INDEX NUMBER
ALI AMINATU 1214023
ARCHER ELVIS 1217723
RIDA MENSAH ACHEAMPOMAA 1147023
APPIAH SHADRACK 1217523
SANDRA NKETIA 1241123
CLINTON OSEI 1243523
ELLISON BLESSING OWUSUAA 1225323
AGYEI ERIC KOFI 1211323
SARFO KWARTENG BISMARK 1143723
DUODU EMMANUEL 1225023
