SUBNETTING EXERCISES WITH VARIABLE MASK (VLSM)

Exercise 1
Given the network 172.16.0.0, 1080 subnets want to be created.

172.16.0.0
2^11 = 2048 2^5 = 32 – 2 = 30
How many bits do we have to dedicate to make subnets?
We must take 11 bits
How many subnets could be created at most with that number of bits?
2048 subnetworks could be created

How many hosts can be placed at most in each subnet?

You can place 30 usable hosts per subnet
What is the IP of the 13th host of the 612th valid subnet?

612 2 1001100100
0 306 2 172.16.01001100.10000000

0 153 2 Network address 172.16.76.128

1 76 2 Host address No. 13172.16.76.141

0 38 2
0 19 2
1 9 2
Exercise 2
1 4 2
0 2 2 6 bits have been taken to create subnets.
0 1 Given the following IP 192.47.214.156 answer:
What is the network mask?
11111111.11111111.11111111.11111100
255.255.255.252
How many subnets can be created?
64 subnets can be created
2^6 = 64

Exercise 3
What host addresses are not valid and why?

192.27.4.5.2 /26
This address is not valid because it consists of 5 octets
192.27.45.74
This address is valid because it is in the range of addresses from 192.27.45.64 to 192.27.45.127
214.249.29.236 /27
This address is valid and falls within the range of addresses from 214.249.29.224 to
214.249.29.255
237.114.10.27 /24
This IP address is reserved for multicast.
212.57.60.14
This address is valid and is located at the address 212.57.60.0
131.29.3.7 /26
this address is valid and falls within the range of addresses 131.29.3.0 to 191.29.3.63
149.139.256.14 /16
This address is not valid because the range of each octet goes only up to 255 and octet No. 3 goes up to
256
127.102.200.49 /16
This address is reserved for loopback
194.103.14.29 /16
This address is not valid because it has the subnet mask of a class B address and the IP is class C.

SUBNETTING A CLASS A NETWORK

Step 1 Given the Class A network address 10.0.0.0 / 24 answer the following questions:
How many bits were taken from the host part?
16 bits were taken from the host part
What is the subnet mask?
1. Decimal 255.255.255.0
2. Binary 11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000
How many subnets can be used?
A total of 65536 subnets can be used.

2^16 = 65536
How many hosts are there per subnet?
There are 254 usable hosts per subnet

2^8 = 256 - 2 = 254

What is the range of hosts for the subnet 16?
the range of host addresses goes from 10.0.16.1 to 10.0.16.254
16 2
0 8 2
10000
0 4 2
10.00000000.000100000.00000000
0 2 2
0 1
10.0.16.0

What is the network address of subnet 16?

10.0.16.0
What is the broadcast address of subnet 16?
10.0.16.255
What is the broadcast address of the last network that can be used?
10.255.255.255

SUBNETTING A CLASS B NETWORK

ABC Manufacturing has acquired the class B network 172.16.0.0. The company needs
create the subnet scheme indicated below:
36 subnets with at least 100 hosts
24 subnets with at least 255 hosts
10 subnets with at least 50 hosts

Step 1 Given this class B network and the requirements to be met, answer the following questions
How many subnets are required for this network?
70 subnets are required
What is the minimum number of bits that can be 'borrowed'?
At least 7 bits must be taken.
What is the subnet mask of this network?
Decimal format 255.255.254.0
2. Binary 11111111.11111111.11111110.00000000
3. Slash Format /23
How many subnets can be used?
128 subnets can be used.
How many hosts can be used per subnet?
510 usable host addresses can be used

Paso 2 Completar la siguiente tabla con las tres primeras y cuatro últimas subredes

Subnetwork ID Subnet Host range Broadcast

1 172.16.0.0 172.16.0.1- 172.16.1.255
172.16.1.254
2 172.16.2.0 172.16.2.1- 172.16.3.255
172.16.3.254
 3 172.16.4.0 172.16.4.1- 172.16.5.255
172.16.5.254
4 172.16.6.0 172.16.6.1- 172.16.7.255
172.16.7.254
125 172.16.248.0 172.16.248.1- 172.16.249.255
172.16.249.254
126 172.16.250.0 172.16.250.1- 172.16.251.255
172.16.251.254
127 172.6.252.0 172.16.252.1- 172.16.253.255
172.16.253.254
128 172.16.254.0 172.16.254.1- 172.16.255.255
172.16.255.254

What is the host range of the second subnet?

The hosts from the second subnet range from 172.16.2.1 to 172.16.3.254
What is the broadcast address of subnet 126?
172.16.251.255
What is the broadcast address of the network?
172.16.255.255

SUBNETTING A CLASS C NETWORK

Exercise
A university has received a class C address, 192.168.1.0, and they need to create subnets for
provides security and broadcast control on the LAN. The LAN consists of the following, each one of
which requires a subnet.
Class No. 1: 28 nodes
Class No. 2: 22 nodes
Laboratory: 30 nodes
Teacher's lounge: 12 nodes
Administration: 8 nodes
Step 1 Given this class C network and the requirements to be met, answer the following questions
How many subnets are required for this network?
5 subnets are required
What is the subnet mask of this network?
Decimal format 255.255.255.224
2. Binary11111111.11111111.11111111.11100000
3. Slash format /27

How many subnets can be used?

A total of 8 subnets can be created.
How many hosts can be used per subnet?
30 useful addresses can be used.
Step 2 Complete the following table

Subnetwork ID Subnetwork Range host Broadcast

1 192.168.1.0 192.168.1.1- 192.168.1.31
192.168.1.30
2 192.168.1.32 192.168.1.33- 192.168.1.63
192.168.1.62
3 192.168.1.64 192.168.1.65- 192.168.1.95
192.168.1.94
4 192.168.1.96 192.168.1.97- 192.168.1.127
192.168.1.126
5 192.168.1.128 192.168.1.129- 192.168.1.159.
192.168.1.158
6 192.168.1.160 192.168.1.161- 192.168.1.191
192.168.1.190
7 192.168.1.192 192.168.1.193 192.168.1.223
192.168.1.222
8 192.168.1.224 192.168.1.225- 192.168.1.255
192.168.1.254

What is the host range of the sixth subnet?

The hosts from the sixth subnet range from 192.168.1.161 to 192.168.1.190
What is the broadcast address of the third subnet?
192.168.1.95
What is the broadcast address of the network?
192.168.1.255

What is the reserved subnet address of the host address 201.100.5.68/28?

A. 201.100.5.0
B. 201.100.5.32
C. 201.100.5.64
D. 201.100.5.16
E. 201.100.5.31
F. 201.100.5.63

Using a subnet mask of 255.255.255.240, the reserved subnet addresses

they grow by 16s:
201.100.5.0
201.100.5.16
201.100.5.32
201.100.5...
Therefore, the reserved subnet address of the IP 201.100.5.68/28 is the IP 201.100.5.64.
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2. What is the reserved subnet address for the node IP address 172.16.210.0/22?

A. 172.16.210.4
B. 172.16.210.0
C. 172.16.208.0
D. 172.16.252.0
E. 172.16.254.0
F. 172.16.204.0
G. None of the above

In this case, the subnet mask is 255.255.252.0. Therefore, the critical octet is the
third octet. Hence, the reserved subnet address of the IP 172.16.210.0/22 is
172.16.208.0

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A router receives a packet on its interface 172.16.45.66/26. The source IP address of the
The package is 172.16.45.126/26 and the destination IP address is 172.16.46.191/26. What will it do?
router with this package?

A. The destination is a node of another subnet, therefore the router will not forward the packet.
B. The destination is a node of the same subnet, therefore the router will forward the packet.
C. The destination is a broadcast address, therefore the router will not forward the packet.
D. The destination is a network address, therefore the router will forward the packet.
E. The destination is a node of another subnet, therefore the router will forward the packet.
The destination is a node of the same subnet, therefore the router will not forward the packet.
The destination is a broadcast address, therefore the router will flood the subnet of
destination.

Considering the subnet mask 255.255.255.192, the address 172.16.46.191/26 is the

reserved broadcast address of the subnet 172.16.46.128. Consequently, the address of
destination is a broadcast address.
The router does not forward, but discards the broadcast addresses.

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4. The network 172.25.0.0 has been divided into 8 equal subnets. Which of the following IP addresses
they can be assigned to nodes located in the third subnet, if the ip subnet-zero command has
has it been applied to the router? (Choose 3)

A. 172.25.78.243
B. 172.25.98.16
C. 172.25.72.0
D. 172.25.94.255
E. 172.25.0.65
F. 172.25.96.17
G. 172.25.0.84
H. 172.25.100.16
I. 172.25.0. 94

Rta: A, C and D -If the ip subnet-zero function is activated, then

the first available subnet is 172.25.0.0
the second available subnet is 172.25.32.0
and the third available subnet is 172.25.64.0
The first usable IP address of this subnet is 172.25.64.1 and the last is 172.25.95.254.
consequently, only the indicated addresses can be node addresses of this
subred.
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5. Your ISP has assigned you a complete class B network. From this address, you need to...
less than 300 subnets that can support at least 50 nodes each. Which of the
Can lower subnet masks meet this requirement? (Choose 2)

A. 255.255.255.0
B. 255.255.255.128
C. 255.255.252.0
D. 255.255.255.224
E. 255.255.255.192
F. 255.255.248.0
Route B and E - The subnet mask 255.255.255.128 reserves 9 bits for identifying subnets.
which allows the creation of 512 subnets (510 usable subnets), each with 126 nodes. This meets the
premise of 300 subnets, and more than enough number of nodes per subnet.
For its part, the mask 255.255.255.192 leaves 6 bits for node ID, which allows the creation of
subnets of 62 useful nodes each. This meets the premise of 50 nodes per subnet, and
sufficiently the requirement of available subnets.
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6. Your service provider has assigned you the CIDR block 115.64.4.0/22. What are the
Can the IP addresses shown below be used as node addresses? (Choose all)
those that apply

A. 115.64.8.32
B. 115.64.7.64
C. 115.64.6.255
D. 115.64.3.255
E. 115.64.8.128
F. 115.64.12.128
Rta. B and C - With a subnet mask /22 the reserved subnet address is 115.64.4.0 and the
The broadcast reserved is 115.64.7.255.
Therefore, the valid node address range is from 115.64.4.1 to 115.64.7.254
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7. The configuration of the local end of a serial link between 2 routers has been requested.
The serial interface 0/0 of the remote router has been configured with the IP address 172.16.17.0/22. What
of the following commands can be used to configure an IP address on the interface
serial 0/0 of the local router?

A. Router(config-if)#ip address 172.16.17.1 255.255.255.0

B. Router(config-if)#ip address 172.16.18.255 255.255.252.0
C. Router(config-if)#ip address 172.16.18.255 255.255.255.252
D. Router(config-if)#ip address 172.16.17.2 255.255.255.252
E. Router(config-if)#ip address 172.16.17.2 255.255.255.0
F. Router(config-if)#ip address 172.16.16.0 255.255.255.0
A 22-bit subnet mask is expressed in decimals as 255.255.252.0. With
from this starting point, the reserved subaddress corresponding to the address
172.16.17.0/22 is 172.16.16.0 and the range of usable IP addresses is from 172.16.16.1 to
172.16.19.254
Consequently, the only possible option is B, considering both the node direction and
the subnet mask.

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8. The network you manage has been assigned a class C network address and has
VLSM implemented for greater efficiency. You must now assign addresses to a point-to-point link.
point. Which of the following subnet masks is the most efficient for the task?

A. 255.255.252.0
B. 255.255.255.0
C. 255.255.255.224
D. 255.255.255.240
E. 255.255.255.248
F. 255.255.255.252
G. 255.255.255.254

A point-to-point link requires only 2 usable IP addresses, so it

more efficient (the least waste of IP addresses) is to implement a 30-bit mask:
255.255.255.252. This creates a subnet of 4 IP addresses, 2 node addresses, one
subnet reserved and another reserved for broadcast.

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9.Como expresaría el número binario 10101010 en notación decimal y hexadecimal?

A. Decimal=160, hexadecimal=00
B. Decimal=170, hexadecimal=AA
C. Decimal=180, hexadecimal=BB
D. Decimal=190, hexadecimal=CC
The decimal equivalent of 10101010 is equal to 128 + 32 + 8 + 2 = 170. To calculate the
In hexadecimal value, we follow the rule of splitting the octet into two groups of 4: 1010 = 10 = A in
hexadecimal. Therefore, the hexadecimal value is AA.
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10. Which of the following statements are true regarding a network that is
using a subnet mask of 255.255.248.0? (Choose 3)
A. Corresponds to a class A network that has taken 13 bits for subnets.
B. It corresponds to a class B network that has taken 4 bits for subnets.
C. The network address of the last subnet will be 248 in the third octet.
The first 21 bits constitute the node portion of the address.
E. This subnet mask allows for the creation of a total of 16 subnets.
F. The subnet numbers will be multiples of 8 in the third octet.

Rta. A, C and F - The mask 255.255.248.0 is a 21-bit mask (8+8+5). That corresponds
with a class A network that uses 13 bits for subnets (8+13=21); not with a class B network that
uses 4 bits for subnets.
Consequently, in the third octet, 3 bits are left for the node ID, which means that
the reserved subnet address will increase by 8s (2x2x2). The reserved address of
The subnet of the last created subnet is 255.255.248.0.
1. If a node in a network has the address 172.16.45.14/30, what is the subnet address?
which node does it belong to?
A. 172.16.45.0
B. 172.16.45.4
C. 172.16.45.8
D. 172.16.45.12
E. 172.16.45.18
F. 172.16.0.0
D -Applying a 30-bit mask, the subnet mask is 255.255.255.252. In
As a consequence, the reserved subnet address is 172.16.45.12 and the usable nodes of this subnet.
The addresses are 172.16.45.13 and 172.16.45.14; the reserved subnet address is 172.16.45.15.
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2. Which of the following are 2 IP addresses that can be assigned?
the nodes of the subnet 192.168.15.19/28?

A. 192.168.15.17
B. 192.168.15.14
C. 192.168.15.29
D. 192.168.15.16
E. 192.168.15.31
F. None of the ones mentioned.
A and C - Using a subnet mask of 255.255.255.240, 4 bits are being reserved as ID.
of node.
According to this, the reserved subnet address corresponding to the presented IP is
192.168.15.16. The reserved broadcast address of that subnet is 192.168.15.31. And the range
The useful node or IP address range is from 192.168.15.17 to 192.168.15.30.
Consequently, of those mentioned only 192.168.15.17 and 192.168.15.29 can be
assigned to the node of that subnet.

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3. You are working at a company to which you have been assigned a position.
class C and it is necessary to create 10 subnets. It is required that it has as many addresses as
node in each subnet, as possible. Which of the following is the subnet mask that
should you use?

A. 255.255.255.192
B. 255.255.255.224
C. 255.255.255.240
D. 255.255.255.248
E. 255.255.255.242
F. None of the ones mentioned.
C -In order to have 10 usable subnets, it is necessary to create 16 subnets, for which
It requires taking 4 bits from the node portion. With 4 bits, you will have 14 usable subnets.
The correct subnet mask is then 255.255.255.240.
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4. Which of the following is a valid unicast IP node address?

A. 172.31.128.255/18
B. 255.255.255.255
C. 192.168.24.59/30
D. FFFF.FFFF.FFFF
E. 224.1.5.2
F. All of the above.
A - With a 18-bit mask (255.255.192.0) the address 172.31.128.255 is a address of
valid node, which belongs to the subnet 172.31.128.0, whose usable node addresses are from the
172.31.128.1 to 172.31.191.254.
Option B is a broadcast IP to all networks. Option C is the broadcast address of the subnet.
192.168.24.56. D is a MAC broadcast. E is a multicast address (class D).

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How many subnets and available nodes per subnet are obtained if you apply a /28 mask?
to the class C network 210.10.2.0?

30 subnets and 6 nodes per subnet.

B. 6 subnets and 30 nodes per subnet.
C. 8 subnets and 32 nodes per subnet.
D. 32 subnets and 8 nodes per subnet.
E. 14 subnets and 14 nodes per subnet.
F. None of the above.
A 28-bit subnet mask applied to a class C network address uses 4 bits for
identify subnets and leave 4 bits for the node ID. As a result, 16 subnets are created, 14
only usable; each with 16 IP addresses, 14 usable.
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6. What is the subnet address that corresponds to the node 172.16.210.0/22?

A. 172.16.42.0
B. 172.16.107.0
C. 172.16.208.0
D. 172.16.252.0
E. 172.16.254.0
F. None of the above.
C - If the subnet mask is 255.255.252.0 (22-bit mask), the subnet in question covers
from the address 172.16.208.0 to 172.16.211.255. Consequently, the subnet address
is 172.16.208.0
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7. What is the subnet address that corresponds to the IP address 201.100.5.68/28?

A. 201.100.5.0
B. 201.100.5.32
C. 201.100.5.64
D. 201.100.5.65
E. 201.100.5.31
F. 201.100.5.80
If we consider a 28-bit mask (255.255.255.240), each subnet will have a range of
16 IP addresses. Thus, subnet 1 is 201.100.5.16, subnet 2 is 201.100.5.32,
subnet 3 is 201.100.5.48 and subnet 4 is 201.100.5.64.
This last subnet ranges from 201.100.5.64 to 201.166.5.79. Within this range is the
IP address that was given as the initial reference.
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8. Consider the following IP addresses expressed in binary:

A. 211.10.235.39
B. 172.18.158.15
C. 11000000.10100111.10110010.01000101
Which of the following statements are correct regarding these 3 addresses? (Choose 3)

A. Address C is a public class C address.

B. The address C is a private class C address.
C. The address B is a public class B address.
D. Address A is a class A public address.
E. The address B is a private class B address.
F. Address A is a private class A address.
A, D and E - Address A is a public class A address. For it to be private, its first
octet should be 00001010.
Address B is a private class B address, as translated to decimal gives us 172.18...
Address C is a public class C address, as its second octet is 10100111 and for
that it was private (192.168...) should be 10101000
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9. What is the range, expressed in binary notation, of the first octet of IP addresses?
class B?

A. 00001111 - 10001111
-10011100
C. 10000000 - 10111111
D. 11000000 - 11011111
E. 11100000 - 11101111
F. None of the above.
Class B addresses have a decimal value in the first octet that ranges between 128 and
Expressed in binary nomenclature, class A addresses follow the pattern 0xxxxxxx, the
Class B addresses have the pattern 10xxxxxx and class C addresses have the pattern 110xxxxx.
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10. The company in which you work has been assigned the class B address 172.12.0.0.
According to the stated needs, this network should be divided into subnets that support a
maximum of 459 nodes per subnet, trying to keep the number of subnets at its maximum
available What mask should be used?

A. 255.255.0.0
B. 255.255.128.0
C. 255.255.224.0
D. 255.255.254.0
E. 255.255.248.0
F. 255.255.192.0
A 23-bit mask (255.255.254.0) leaves 9 bits for the node ID, which means that
each subnet can have a maximum of 510 assignable IP addresses for nodes. This is the
mask required to cover the stated need of 459 nodes.
1. Using a subnet mask of 255.255.255.224, which of the IP addresses that are
Can the lists further down be assigned to nodes in each subnet? (choose 3)

A. 16.23.118.63
B. 87.45.16.159
C. 92.11.178.93
D. 134.178.18.56
E. 192.168.16.87
F. 217.168.166.192
C, D and E - When solving this type of questions, above all, it must be taken into account that it is being asked
for valid node addresses, so only the portion of the node must be reviewed, the one that
It is independent of the network and class to which each IP address belongs.
With a 27-bit mask, there are 5 bits left for the node ID, which indicates that each subnet
it will have a total of 32 IP addresses, and the reserved subnet addresses will be multiples
of 32.
Consequently, options A and B correspond to broadcast addresses, and F is a
reserved subnetwork address.

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Your service provider has assigned you the following IP address and subnet mask:
IP Address: 193.14.127.0
Subnet mask: 255.255.255.240
Which of the following IP addresses can be configured to the nodes of this subnet? (choose
3)

A. 193.14.127.2
B. 193.14.127.195
C. 193.14.127. 13
D. 193.14.127. 11
E. 193.14.127. 21
F. 193.14.127.124

A, C and D - Using a 28-bit mask (255.255.255.240), if the reserved address of

subnet is 193.14.127.0, the useful node addresses range from 193.14.127.1 to
193.14.127.14.

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3. If an IP address from the class B network range is implemented, which of the masks of
The subnet shown below will allow you to have 100 subnets with 500 usable IP addresses.
by subnet?

A. 255.255.0.0
B. 255.255.224.0
C. 255.255.254.0
D. 255.255.255.0
E. 255.255.255.224

To implement 100 subnets, it is necessary to use 7 bits for subnet ID, this allows
create 128 subnets, 126 of them usable.
As it is a class B network, there are 9 bits left for node ID, which leaves a total
512 IP addresses per subnet, 510 of them usable.
All of this is obtained with a subnet mask of 255.255.254.0
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4. The network 213.115.77.0 has been divided using a 28-bit subnet mask. How many
usable subnets and how many node addresses per subnet are created as a result of
this?

A. 2 subnets with 62 nodes.

B. 6 subnets with 30 nodes.
C. 16 subnets with 16 nodes.
D. 62 subnets with 2 nodes.
E. 14 subnets with 14 nodes.
F. 8 subnets with 32 nodes.
G. 4 subnets with 64 nodes.

A 28-bit subnet mask in decimal notation is 255.255.255.240. This indicates that

In a class C network, 4 bits are being used for the subnet ID and 4 bits for the node ID.
So 16 subnets can be generated, 14 of which are usable, and each subnet has a total of
16 IP addresses, 14 of them usable for node assignment.

1. What is the broadcast address corresponding to the IP 10.254.255.19 /

255.255.255.248?

A. 10.254.255.23
B. 10.254.255.24
C. 10.254.255.255
D. 10.255.255.255
2. What is the broadcast address of the subnet address 172.16.99.99 / 255.255.192.0?

A. 172.16.99.255
B. 172.16.127.255
C. 172.16.255.255
D. 172.16.64.127
3. If you wanted to have 12 subnets with a Class C network ID, what subnet mask
should I use?

A. 255.255.255.252
B. 255.255.255.248
C. 255.255.255.240
D. 255.255.255.255
4. What is the maximum number of subnets that can be assigned to a network when ...
uses the address 172.16.0.0 and the subnet mask 255.255.240.0?

A. 16
B. 32
C. 30
 D. 14
The subnet mask is invalid for that network address.
5. You have divided the network 213.105.72.0 into subnets using a subnet mask /
28. How many usable subnets and usable node addresses per subnet do you get from
this way?

A. 62 networks and 2 nodes.

B. 6 networks and 30 nodes.

C. 8 networks and 32 nodes.

D. 16 networks and 16 nodes.

E. 14 networks and 14 nodes.

1. Referring to VLSM, which of the following statements best describes the concept of
route aggregation?

Delete unusable addresses by creating some subnets.

2. Combine routes to multiple networks into a single route to a supernetwork.

3. Recover unused space by resizing the subnets.

4. Calculate the available node addresses in an autonomous system

.2. Which of the following IP addresses is contained within the CIDR block defined by
215.54.4.0/22?

215.54.8.32

2. 215.54.7.64

3. 215.54.6.255

4. 215.54.3.32

215.54.5.128

6. 215.54.12.128

3. You only have a class C network address and need to assign a subnet for
a point-to-point serial link. It is considering implementing VLSM. What is the mask of
most efficient subnet to apply to that link?

255.255.255.0

2. 255.255.255.240

3. 255.255.255.248
 4. 255.255.255.252

5. 255.255.255.254

.4. You are the Administrator of a network that supports VLSM and need to reduce waste of
IP addresses on their point-to-point WAN links. Which of the masks listed below
Is it beneficial to use?

1. /38

2. /30

3. /27

4. /23

5. /18

6. /32

.5. Your ISP has assigned you the following CIDR block of addresses: 115.64.4.0/22. What is the
The IP addresses shown below can be used for nodes? (choose 3)

115.64.8.32

2. 115.64.7.64

3. 115.64.6.255

4. 115.64.3.255

5. 115.64.5.128

6. 115.64.12.128

Before starting with the tasks, you must have 2 basic data:

What is the total number of subnets required, including the consideration of

possible network growth.

What is the number of nodes expected in each subnet, taking into account also
in this case the considerations of expansion and growth.

From here, answer these 6 basic questions:

How many subnets?

2. How many nodes per subnet?

 3. What are the reserved subnet numbers?

4. What are the reserved broadcast addresses?

5. What is the first valid node address?

6. What is the last valid node address?

With what must obtain 6 responses:

Example: network 192.168.1.0 mask 255.255.255.224
1. The number of usable subnets is calculated based on the number of bits of the
portion of the node that is taken to generate subnets, and applying the following formula:
2subnet bits - 2 = usable subnets
example:
2 3- 2 = 6
The number of usable node addresses supported by each subnet arises from the application of
the following formula is based on the number of bits left to identify the
nodes:
2[node bits] - 2 = nodes
example:
25- 2 = 30
3. The reserved address of the first usable subnet comes from subtracting the decimal value of the
portion of the subnet mask in which the boundary between subnet and node is defined:
256 - [mask] = [first usable subnet and range of nodes]
The addresses of the following subnets arise from continuously adding the same number.
example:
256 - 224 = 32
192.168.1.0 subred 0
192.168.1.32 subnet 1 - first useful subnet
+ 32 192.168.1.64 subred 2
+ 32 192.168.1.96 subred 3
+ 32 192.168.1.128 subred 4
+ 32 … … …

4. The reserved broadcast addresses are obtained by subtracting 1 from the reserved address of
subnet of the following subnet:
example:
32 - 1 = 31 192.168.1.31 subred 0
64 - 1 = 63 192.168.1.63 subred 1
96 - 1 = 95 192.168.1.95 subred 2
128 - 1 = 127 192.168.1.127 subred 3
………
5. The IP address of the first usable node of each subnet is obtained by adding one to the address.
subnet reserved:
subnet reserved + 1 = first usable node
example:
32 + 1 = 33 192.168.1.33 first subnet node 1
64 + 1 = 65 192.168.1.65 first subnet node 2
96 + 1 = 97 192.168.1.97 first subnet node 3
128 + 1 = 129 192.168.1.129 first node subnet 4
………
The IP address of the last usable node of each subnet is obtained by subtracting 1 from the address.
broadcast reserved:
63 - 1 = 62 192.168.1.62 last node subnet 1
95 - 1 = 94 192.168.1.94 last subnet node 2
127 - 1 = 126 192.168.1.126 last subnet node 3
………
In summary:
With that subnet mask, 6 usable subnets are obtained, each with a capacity
maximum of 30 nodes (32 IP addresses):
Subreddit First useful node Last useful node Broadcast
0 192.168.1.0
1 192.168.1.32 192.168.1.33 192.168.1.62 192.168.1.63
2 192.168.1.64 192.168.1.65 192.168.1.94 192.168.1.95
3 192.168.1.96 192.168.1.97 192.168.1.126 192.168.1.127
4 192.168.1.128 192.168.1.129 … … ... ………

1. Using the class C address 192.168.21.0, you need to generate 28 subnets. What
Which subnet mask should be used?

A. 255.255.0.28
B. 255.255.255.0
C. 255.255.255.28
D. 255.255.255.248
E. 255.255.255.252

2. You have been assigned a class C network address. Your Director has requested you to create
30 subnets with at least 5 nodes per subnet for the different departments in your
organization. What is the subnet mask that will allow you to create those 30 subnets?

3. Given the IP address 195.106.14.0/24, what is the

. . . total number of networks and total number of nodes
by what network is it obtained?

A. 1 network with 254 nodes.

B. 2 networks with 128 nodes.

C. 4 networks with 64 nodes.
D. 6 networks with 30 nodes.
4. Using a class C network address, you need 5 subnets with a maximum of 17.
nodes in each of those subnets. What subnet mask should be used?

A. 255.255.255.192
B. 255.255.255.224
C. 255.255.255.240
 D. 255.255.255.248
5. Partiendo de la red 192.141.27.0/28, identifique las direcciones de nodo válidas (elija 3).

A. 192.141.27.33
B. 192.141.27.112
C. 192.141.27.119
D. 192.141.27.126
E. 192.141.27.175
F. 192.141.27.208
6. Using the address 192.64.10.0/28, how many subnets and how many nodes per subnet?
they are
available?
A. 62 subnets and 2 nodes
B. 6 subnets and 30 nodes
C. 8 subnets and 32 nodes
D. 16 subnets and 16 nodes
E. 14 subnets and 14 nodes
7. What is a broadcast address belonging to the network 192.57.78.0/27?

A. 192.157.78.33
B. 192.57.78.64
C. 192.57.78.87
D. 192.57.78.97
E. 192.57.78.159
F. 192.57.78.254
8. What is the bit pattern for the first octet of a class B network address like
129.107.0.0?

A. 0xxxxxxx

B. 10xxxxxx

C. 110xxxxx

D. 1110xxxx

E. 11110xxx
9. IP Address: 172.20.7.160
Subnet mask: 255.255.255.192

You are setting up a network printer. You want to use the last IP address of your
subnetwork for this printer.
You have run an ipconfig in your work terminal and have received the information you have.
higher up.
Based on the IP address and the subnet mask of your work terminal, what is the
 last available IP address in your subnet?

A. 172.20.7.255

B. 172.20.7.197

C. 172.20.7.190

D. 172.20.7.129

E. 172.20.255.255
10. Assuming that our network is using an old version of UNIX, what is the
maximum number of subnets that can be assigned to the network when using the address
131.107.0.0 with a subnet mask of 255.255.240.0?

A. 16

B. 32

C. 30

D. 14
11. What is the broadcast address for a Class B network ID that uses
the default subnet mask?

A. 172.16.10.255
B. 172.16.255.255
C. 172.255.255.254
D. 255.255.255.255
12. What is the valid node range for the IP address 192.168.168.188
255.255.255.192?

A. 192.168.168.129-190
B. 192.168.168.129-191
C. 192.168.168.128-190
D. 192.168.168.128-192
13. What is the valid node range that the IP address 172.16.10.22 / is part of?
255.255.255.240?

A. 172.16.10.20 to 172.16.10.22
B. 172.16.10.1 to 172.16.10.255
C. 172.16.1.16 to 172.16.10.23
D. 172.16.10.17 to 172.16.10.31
E. 172.16.10.17 to 172.16.10.30
14. What is the broadcast address of the subnet address 192.168.99.20 /
255.255.255.252?
 A. 192.168.99.127
B. 192.168.99.63
C. 192.168.99.23
D. 192.168.99.31

1. What is the broadcast address that corresponds to the IP 10.254.255.19 /

255.255.255.248?

A. 10.254.255.23
B. 10.254.255.24
C. 10.254.255.255
D. 10.255.255.255

2. What is the broadcast address of the subnet address 172.16.99.99 / 255.255.192.0?

A. 172.16.99.255
B. 172.16.127.255
C. 172.16.255.255
D. 172.16.64.127

3. If you wanted to have 12 subnets with a Class C network ID, what subnet mask would you need?
should I use?

A. 255.255.255.252
B. 255.255.255.248
C. 255.255.255.240
D. 255.255.255.255

4. What is the maximum number of subnets that can be assigned to a network when
Use the address 172.16.0.0 and the subnet mask 255.255.240.0?

A. 16
B. 32
C. 30
D. 14
E. The subnet mask is invalid for that network address.

5. You have subdivided the network 213.105.72.0 using a subnet mask /

28. How many usable subnets and usable node addresses per subnet do you obtain from this?
way?

A. 62 networks and 2 nodes.

B. 6 networks and 30 nodes.
C. 8 networks and 32 nodes.
D. 16 networks and 16 nodes.
E. 14 networks and 14 nodes.