Unit: 3 Information & Communication Technology
Skills
ICT (Information and Communication Technology): Use of technology to manage and
communicate information. Examples: Computers, smartphones, internet, emails, video
conferencing.
Uses of ICT: Education, healthcare, banking, business, government services.
ICT TOOLS: SMARTPHONES AND TABLETS – I
Smartphones: Mobile phones with advanced computing capabilities.
Features:
o Touchscreen interface
o Internet access (Wi-Fi/4G)
o GPS
o Camera
o Applications (apps)
Tablets: Larger than smartphones, mainly used for reading, videos, work, etc.
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN S MARTPHONES AND TABLETS
Feature Smartphones Tablets
Size Smaller (4" to 6.5" screen) Larger (7" to 13" screen)
Calling Can make phone calls and send SMS Usually cannot make phone calls (except
Function some)
Portability Very easy to carry in pockets Less portable, usually carried in bags
Usage Mostly used for communication Mostly used for reading, videos, and
presentations
Battery Life Medium battery life Often has longer battery life
Camera Usually better camera for photos & Basic camera, not focused on photography
Quality selfies
SIM Card Always has a SIM slot May or may not have a SIM slot
Typing Typing on small screen Easier typing due to bigger screen
Comfort
MAIN COMPONENTS OF A MOBILE DEVICE LAYOUT :
PART DESCRIPTION
FOUND AT THE TOP OF THE SCREEN. SHOWS BATTERY, TIME, SIGNAL
STATUS BAR
STRENGTH, WI-FI, AND NOTIFICATIONS.
THE MAIN SCREEN OF THE DEVICE. SHOWS APP ICONS, WIDGETS, AND
HOME SCREEN
WALLPAPER.
SMALL IMAGES THAT RE PRESENT APPS (E.G., CAMERA, WHATSAPP,
APP ICONS
YOUTUBE). TAP TO OPEN.
USUALLY AT THE BOTTOM. INCLUDES BUTTONS L IKE:
NAVIGATION BAR
🔲 RECENT APPS, ◀ BACK, ⭕ HOME
NOTIFICATION SWIPE DOWN FROM THE TOP TO VIEW MESSAGES, UPDATES, AND
PANEL SETTINGS LIKE WI -FI OR BRIGHTNESS.
FOUND IN THE NOTIFIC ATION PANEL. LETS YO U QUICKLY TURN ON/OFF
QUICK SETTINGS
FEATURES LIKE FLASHL IGHT, MOBILE DATA, ETC.
AREA ON HOME SCREEN FOR USEFUL WIDGETS LIKE C LOCK, WEATHER,
WIDGET AREA
CALENDAR.
APP DRAWER A SECTION THAT SHOWS ALL INSTALLED APPS (ACCESSED BY SWIPING
(OPTIONAL) UP OR TAPPING A BUTTON).
Home Screen Of a Mobile device: First Screen of a mobile device. There are three parts of a home
screen:
Status Bar
Main Part
Dock
Basic Gestures Used:
Tap
Tap and Hold
Drag
Swipe
Double tap
Pinch
PARTS OF COMPUTERS AND PERIPHERALS
Main Parts of Computer:
o CPU (Central Processing Unit): Brain of the computer
o Monitor: Displays output
o Keyboard: Input device for typing
o Mouse: Input device for navigation
Peripherals:
o Printer: Prints documents
o Scanner: Scans documents
o Webcam: Captures video
o Speakers & Microphone: For audio input/output
Types of Ports Used in Computers:
Port Name Looks Like / Symbol Used For
USB Port Connecting keyboard, mouse, pen drives, printers,
etc.
HDMI Port Connecting monitor, TV, or projector (audio + video)
Ethernet Port 🖧 (network symbol) Connecting to wired internet/network using LAN
(LAN) cable
Audio Jack 🎧 Connecting headphones, earphones, or microphones
(3.5mm)
VGA Port Connecting older monitors and projectors
DisplayPort DP symbol (↪) Modern port for high-quality video (used in
PCs/laptops)
Thunderbolt Port ⚡ (lightning bolt symbol) High-speed data transfer, video output, charging
SD Card Slot 📷 (camera memory Reading memory cards (used in cameras, phones)
card)
Power Port ⚡ For connecting the power adapter/charger
BASIC COMPUTER OPERATIONS
Starting a Computer: Press power button → OS loads
Shutting Down: Use "Shut down" option in Start menu
Opening Programs: Click on icons or use Start menu
Saving Files: File → Save or Ctrl + S
6. PERFORMING BASIC FILE OPERATIONS
Create a File/Folder:
o Right-click → New → File/Folder
Rename: Right-click → Rename
Copy/Cut and Paste:
o Copy (Ctrl + C), Cut (Ctrl + X), Paste (Ctrl + V)
Delete: Right-click → Delete or press Delete key
Restore from Recycle Bin if deleted by mistake
COMMUNICATION AND NETWORKING – BASICS OF INTERNET
Internet: Global network connecting computers
Network: Group of interconnected devices
Types of Connections:
a) Wired Connections
b) Wireless Connection
Bandwidth: Bandwidth is the amount of data that can be transmitted over a network in a
certain amount of time.
Web Browser: Software to access internet (e.g., Chrome, Firefox)
Important part of a web browser:
Address bar: Alt + d
Tabbed Browsing (CTRL+T)
Back and forward Buttons(ALT +Left or right arrow keys)
Refresh Button(F5)
Browsing Steps:
Open browser
Type URL or search keyword
Press Enter
Hyperlink: If you click a hyperlink, it will take you to another part on the same page or to a
different page.
Search Engine: Helps find information (e.g., Google, Bing)
E-MAIL (ELECTRONIC MAIL)
✅ WHAT IS AN E-MAIL?
Email stands for Electronic Mail.
It is a method to send and receive messages using the internet.
Messages can include text, images, documents, audio, or video.
⭐ ADVANTAGES OF E-MAIL
1. Fast – Delivers messages instantly.
2. Cheap – No postage cost or paper needed.
3. Global – Can be sent anywhere in the world.
4. Attachments – You can send files (PDFs, images, etc.).
5. Eco-Friendly – Saves paper.
6. Accessible – Can be used on computers, smartphones, and tablets.
🔄 HOW DOES E-MAIL WORK?
1. You compose and send an email from your email account.
2. The email goes to the email server.
3. The server finds the recipient's email address.
4. The email is stored in the recipient's inbox.
5. The recipient logs in and reads the email.
📛 EMAIL ID / EMAIL ADDRESS
A unique address to send and receive emails.
Example: student123@gmail.com
Format: username@domain.com
o username = your name or chosen ID
o domain = email service provider like gmail.com, yahoo.com
📝 STEPS TO OPEN AN EMAIL ACCOUNT (EXAMPLE: GMAIL)
1. Go to www.gmail.com
2. Click on “Create account”
3. Enter your name, choose a username
4. Set a strong password
5. Provide mobile number and recovery email (optional)
6. Agree to the terms & conditions
7. Click Create Account — your email is ready!
✉️ WRITING AN EMAIL
Field Description
To Recipient’s email ID
Cc (optional) Send a copy to others
Bcc (optional) Send a hidden copy
Subject Short title of the email
Body The main message
Attachment Add files (images, docs)
Send Click to send the email
🔁 REPLYING TO AN EMAIL
1. Open the email.
2. Click on “Reply”.
3. Type your message in the body.
4. Click “Send”.
🔄 FORWARDING AN EMAIL
1. Open the email.
2. Click on “Forward”.
3. Enter the email address of the new recipient.
4. Add a message (optional).
5. Click “Send”.
