Android Threading

Android Threading

• 1.
  Android  Threading   Jussi  Pohjolainen   Tampere  University  of  Applied  Sciencs  
• 2.
  UI  Thread   • When  Android  app  is  launched  one  thread  is   created.  This  thread  is  called  Main  Thread  or   UI  Thread   •  UI  Thread  is  responsible  for  dispatching  events   to  widgets   •  Avoid  doing  0me  consuming  tasks  in  UI   Thread  since  it  leads  to  app  that  does  not   respond  quickly  
• 3.
  TesAng  UI  Responsivess   public class ThreadExample extends Activity implements OnClickListener { @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); Button button = new Button(this); button.setText("Do Time Consuming task!"); setContentView(button); button.setOnClickListener(this); } @Override public void onClick(View v) { try { for(int i=0; i<10; i++) { System.out.println(i); Thread.sleep(10000); } } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }
• 4.
  Result  
• 5.
  TesAng  Separate  Thread   public class ThreadExample extends Activity implements OnClickListener, Runnable { ... @Override public void onClick(View v) { Thread thread = new Thread(this); thread.start(); } @Override public void run() { try { for(int i=0; i<10; i++) { System.out.println(i); Thread.sleep(10000); } } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }
• 7.
  How  about  influencing  the  UI?   ... @Override public void run() { try { for(int i=0; i<10; i++) { button.setText("Iteration: " + i); Thread.sleep(1000); } } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } ...
• 8.
  Problem  
• 9.
  Why?   •  Android  UI  Toolkit  is  not  thread  safe   •  If  you  want  to  manipulate  UI,  you  must  do  it   inside  the  UI  thread   •  How  do  you  do  it  then?  You  can  use   – Activity.runOnUiThread(Runnable) – View.post(Runnable) – View.postDelayed(Runnable, long) – …
• 10.
  Activity.runOnUiThread(Runnable) •  The  given  acAon  (Runnable)  is  executed   immediately  if  current  thread  is  UI  thread   •  If  current  thread  is  NOT  UI  thread,  the  acAon   (Runnable)  is  posted  to  event  queue  of  the  UI   Thread  
• 11.
  Example  of  RunOnUiThread   public class ThreadExample extends Activity implements OnClickListener, Runnable { ... @Override public void onClick(View v) { Thread t = new Thread(this); t.start(); } public void run() { // lengthy operation try { Thread.sleep(2000); } catch (InterruptedException e) { } runOnUiThread(new Update()); } class Update implements Runnable { // This action is posted to event queue public void run() { button.setText("Finished!"); } } }
• 12.
  View.post(Runnable) View.postDelayed(Runnable, Long) •  These  methods  are  of  view  and  are  use  for   updaAng  the  view   •  AcAon  (Runnable)  is  placed  on  Message   Queue   •  Runnable  acAon  runs  on  UI  Thread   •  postDelayed  method  for  delayed  acAon  
• 13.
  Using  post   privateint iteration; ... @Override public void run() { try { for(int i=0; i<10; i++) { iteration = i; button.post(new InfluenceUIThread()); Thread.sleep(1000); } } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } class InfluenceUIThread implements Runnable { public void run() { button.setText("Iteration = " + iteration); } }
• 14.
  Using  Anonymous  Inner  Classes   @Override public void onClick(View v) { new Thread(new Runnable() { public void run() { try { for(int i=0; i<10; i++) { iteration = i; button.post(new Runnable() { public void run() { button.setText("Iteration = " + iteration); } }); Thread.sleep(1000); } } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }).start(); } This  can  be  really   confusing...  
• 15.
  AsyncTask •  Goal:  take  care  thread  management  for  you   •  Use  it  by  subclassing  it:  class  MyTask  extends   AsyncTask   •  Override  onPreExecute(),  onPostExecute()   and  onProgressUpdate() – Invokes  in  UI  Thread   •  Override  doInBackground() – Invokes  in  worker  thread  
• 16.
  Example  (Google  SDK)   private class DownloadFilesTask extends AsyncTask<URL, Integer, Long> {      protected Long doInBackground(URL... urls) {          int count = urls.length;          long totalSize = 0;          for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {              totalSize += Downloader.downloadFile(urls[i]);              publishProgress((int) ((i / (float) count) * 100));          }          return totalSize;      }      protected void onProgressUpdate(Integer... progress) {          setProgressPercent(progress[0]);      }      protected void onPostExecute(Long result) {          showDialog("Downloaded " + result + " bytes");      }  }  new DownloadFilesTask().execute(url1, url2, url3); Params,  Progress,  Result  
• 17.
  public class ThreadExampleextends Activity implements OnClickListener { private Button button; ... class MyBackgroundTask extends AsyncTask<Integer, Integer, Integer> { protected Integer doInBackground(Integer... ints) { int i = ints[0]; try { for(i=0; i<10; i++) { System.out.println("doInBackground!"); publishProgress(new Integer(i)); Thread.sleep(1000); } } catch(Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return i; } protected void onProgressUpdate(Integer iteration) { button.setText("Iteration = " + iteration); } protected void onPostExecute(Integer result) { button.setText("Finished with result of: " + result); } } }