Downloaded 107 times
![Dockerfiles - continued
ENV TOMCAT_TGZ_URL
https://www.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat$
TOMCAT_MAJ
OR/v$TOMCAT_VERSION/bin/apachetomcat$
TOMCAT_VERSION
.tar.gz
RUN curl SL
"$TOMCAT_TGZ_URL" o
tomcat.tar.gz
&& curl SL
"$TOMCAT_TGZ_URL.asc" o
tomcat.tar.gz.asc
&& tar xvf
tomcat.tar.gz stripcomponents=
1
&& rm bin/*.bat
&& rm tomcat.tar.gz*
EXPOSE 8080
CMD ["catalina.sh", "run"]
Public repo of Dockerfiles, with automatic build
http://dockerfile.github.io/](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/bonamico-codemotion-docker-2014-2-141129035905-conversion-gate01/85/codemotion-docker-2014-18-320.jpg)
![Building Images with Ansible
2) Copy and launch ansible playbook in Dockerfile
http://www.ansible.com/2014/02/12/installingandbuil
dingdockerwithansible
https://github.com/CaptTofu/ansibledockerpresentati
on
Use base image with ansible from
https://registry.hub.docker.com/repos/ansible/
FROM ansible/ubuntu14.04ansible
MAINTAINER yourname
RUN git clone http://github.com/user/myapp.git
/tmp/myapp
WORKDIR /tmp/myapp
ADD inventory /etc/ansible/hosts
RUN ansibleplaybook
myapp.yml c
local
EXPOSE 22 3000
ENTRYPOINT [“/home/app/tomcat/bin/catalina.sh run”]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/bonamico-codemotion-docker-2014-2-141129035905-conversion-gate01/85/codemotion-docker-2014-39-320.jpg)
![Dockerfiles - continued
ENV TOMCAT_TGZ_URL
https://www.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat$
TOMCAT_MAJ
OR/v$TOMCAT_VERSION/bin/apachetomcat$
TOMCAT_VERSION
.tar.gz
RUN curl SL
"$TOMCAT_TGZ_URL" o
tomcat.tar.gz
&& curl SL
"$TOMCAT_TGZ_URL.asc" o
tomcat.tar.gz.asc
&& tar xvf
tomcat.tar.gz stripcomponents=
1
&& rm bin/*.bat
&& rm tomcat.tar.gz*
EXPOSE 8080
CMD ["catalina.sh", "run"]
Public repo of Dockerfiles, with automatic build
http://dockerfile.github.io/](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/bonamico-codemotion-docker-2014-2-141129035905-conversion-gate01/75/codemotion-docker-2014-18-2048.jpg)
![Building Images with Ansible
2) Copy and launch ansible playbook in Dockerfile
http://www.ansible.com/2014/02/12/installingandbuil
dingdockerwithansible
https://github.com/CaptTofu/ansibledockerpresentati
on
Use base image with ansible from
https://registry.hub.docker.com/repos/ansible/
FROM ansible/ubuntu14.04ansible
MAINTAINER yourname
RUN git clone http://github.com/user/myapp.git
/tmp/myapp
WORKDIR /tmp/myapp
ADD inventory /etc/ansible/hosts
RUN ansibleplaybook
myapp.yml c
local
EXPOSE 22 3000
ENTRYPOINT [“/home/app/tomcat/bin/catalina.sh run”]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/bonamico-codemotion-docker-2014-2-141129035905-conversion-gate01/75/codemotion-docker-2014-39-2048.jpg)
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codemotion-docker-2014
- 1. MILAN november 28th/29th2014 Carlo Bonamico Why everyone is excited about Docker (and you should too...) carlo.bonamico@nispro.it - NIS s.r.l. carlo.bonamico@gmail.com – Genova Java User Group Twitter: @carlobonamico
- 2. Didn't you hearthese at least once? Can you deploy my application? It's for Linux... Yes, but which distribution? release? patch? Why the deploy failed? Didn't you test the app? Yes, but the production environment is slightly different The new version is having some issues, can you rollback to the previous one, please? Yes, but it will take some hours – if John hasn't already gone home – in that case he'll do it on monday Can you debug this production problem? Yes, but I need an hosted DEV environment as I can't run all the needed VMs on my laptop
- 3. In the beginning... We moved from physical server to VMs performance and resource usage issues Got more security and hardware independence but creating a VM still takes time Some hosting / cloud providers took advantage of kernel-level virtualization LXC OpenVZ But out-of-reach of the common man Dev Try setting up LXC...
- 4. Then in 2013(please fake drum roll) Solomon Hykes (@solomonstre) started Docker as an internal project within dotCloud.com hosting to make Linux Containers an order of magnitude easier and more powerful, too Open Sourced in March 2013 in a week, it went to the top projects on GitHub https://github.com/docker/docker A catalyst for innovative work on containers shortly, several other key projects converged
- 5. Fast Forward tomid-2014 Major Open Source project with contributions from all the big names in IT Google, RedHat, OpenShift, Ubuntu ... DotCloud → Docker Inc. https://www.docker.com/ All cloud big and small names are in a rush to provide Docker hosting Amazon, CloudFoundry, Linode, Digital Ocean… and Microsoft ! both for Azure and soon for the new Windows Server...
- 6. But why shouldI join the party? In short, Docker makes creating Development Test and Production environments an order of magnitude simpler faster and completely portable across both local and cloud infrastructure
- 7. Docker hello world... What's happening here? user@laptop:~$ docker pull ubuntu:14.04.1 user@laptop:~$ docker run ubuntu:14.04.1 echo "Hello World" Hello World And here? user@laptop:~$ docker run t i ubuntu:14.04.1 /bin/bash root@d1fa8fcb4518:/# ls bin boot dev etc home lib lib64 media mnt opt proc root run sbin srv sys tmp usr var root@d1fa8fcb4518:/# python bash: python: command not found root@d1fa8fcb4518:/#
- 8. Behind the scenes... I run the docker cli (Command Line Interface ) user@laptop:~$ docker run t i ubuntu:14.04.1 /bin/bash the CLI connects to docker daemon by REST API, which asks the Linux kernel to create a new container d1fa8fcb4518 and runs /bin/bash in it, so root@d1fa8fcb4518:/# ls bin boot dev etc home lib lib64 media ... lists the filesystem of the container (!= from host OS) root@d1fa8fcb4518:/# python bash: python: command not found
- 9. So what's insideDocker? Isolation layer based on kernel namespaces separate process trees, network, user IDs and mounted file systems Resource isolation through cgroups CPU, memory, block I/O and network Standard interface through libcontainer based on libvirt, LXC and systemd-nspawn And more...
- 10. How are data& containers stored? AUFS Another Union Filesystem possibly other snapshotting fs (zfs) / block device (LVM) Layered approach rootfs → kernel layer bootfs → a Linux distribution emacs apache application Copy-on-Write approach – à la subversion (SVN)
- 11. Containers, Images andIndex A Container is a running instance can run 100-1000 containers per host An Image is a static snapshot in turn based on a series of layers unique hash for each layer, so Images are basically versioned (think git) can be tagged ubuntu:14.04.1 can be updated by applying layer deltas Images can be stored in an Index local and remote indexes (think maven / npm repos)
- 12. So a containeris like a lighter/better Virtual Machine? Well...
- 13. VM vs Container A Virtual Machine needs an hypervisor and a full OS inside Bigger footprint RAM needed Storage space Tend to be slower 2 filesystems, 2 OSes Strong resource management A Container talks to the host kernel Smaller footprint no RAM needed for Guest OS differential storage Tend to be faster direct CPU access Less sophisticated resource management
- 14.
- 15. Great! but tellme about security Are containers less secure than Vms? the answer is nuanced... https://docs.docker.com/articles/security/ Can I use Docker in Production? Sure! many Internet companies trust it But a container still needs good System Administration & InfoSec practices! limiting privileges, avoiding unsecure defaults, etc... http://www.slideshare.net/jpetazzo/dockerlinuxconta inerslxcandsecurity http://opensource.com/business/14/7/dockersecuritys elinux Avoid This!
- 16.
- 17. Start with adockerfile Define an image for running Tomcat 7 inspired by https://registry.hub.docker.com/_/tomcat/ FROM java:7jre RUN groupadd r tomcat && useradd r createhome g tomcat tomcat ENV CATALINA_HOME /usr/local/tomcat ENV PATH $CATALINA_HOME/bin:$PATH RUN mkdir p "$CATALINA_HOME" && chown tomcat:tomcat "$CATALINA_HOME" WORKDIR $CATALINA_HOME USER tomcat ENV TOMCAT_MAJOR 7 ENV TOMCAT_VERSION 7.0.57
- 18. Dockerfiles - continued ENV TOMCAT_TGZ_URL https://www.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat$ TOMCAT_MAJ OR/v$TOMCAT_VERSION/bin/apachetomcat$ TOMCAT_VERSION .tar.gz RUN curl SL "$TOMCAT_TGZ_URL" o tomcat.tar.gz && curl SL "$TOMCAT_TGZ_URL.asc" o tomcat.tar.gz.asc && tar xvf tomcat.tar.gz stripcomponents= 1 && rm bin/*.bat && rm tomcat.tar.gz* EXPOSE 8080 CMD ["catalina.sh", "run"] Public repo of Dockerfiles, with automatic build http://dockerfile.github.io/
- 19. Building an image Build the image from the Dockerfile docker build . You can then do further edits, then docker build . And archive the image locally docker commit 38b73dfecc3c dockersimplesamplesweb And tag it docker tag 47432ccfea81 dockersimplesamplesweb: 1.0 List local images docker images
- 20. Starting a container Start a container interactively docker run i t dockersimplesamplesweb /bin/bash Start a container as a daemon using defaul entrypoint docker run d dockersimplesamplesweb: 1.0 Check running containers docker ps And stopping it docker stop <<id>> Check also stopped containers docker ps a
- 21. Attaching to arunning container Using nsenter docker inspect format "{{ .State.Pid }}" determined_bardeen nsenter target $PID mount uts ipc net pid
- 22. Storing and Sharingdata Creating a Container to host a data Volume #Dockerfile FROM busybox VOLUME /var/lib/mysql CMD /bin/sh Create the Image docker build tag carlobonamico/datastore Create the Container docker run d name pgsql_data v /var/lib/pgsql/ carlobonamico/datastore Attach the volume to another container docker run d volumesfrom pgsql_data cb/postgresdb
- 23. Publishing Tothe Central Registry docker push carlobonamico/dockersimplesamplesweb need a free account on https://hub.docker.com/ Tag and publish to a private repository docker tag 8dbd9e392a96 mylocalrepo: 5000/dockersimplesamplesweb You need https://github.com/docker/dockerregistry
- 24. Deploy to thecloud On cloud server docker pull carlobonamico/dockersimplesamplesweb: 2 Run it docker run d carlobonamico/dockers... samplesweb: 2 Upgrade it docker pull carlobonamico/dockers... samplesweb: 2.1 Run it docker run d carlobonamico/dockers... samplesweb: 2.1 Rollback to previous version docker run d carlobonamico/dockers... samplesweb: 2
- 25. So what doI get? If I am a Dev recreate complex environments on a laptop If I am a Tester easy to recreate applications deployments and data If I am an Ops person less configuration effort more standardization In general lots of pre-packaged components https://registry.hub.docker.com/ quickly deploy (groups of) packages even multiple versions at the same time But many other benefits to come...
- 26. Docker and DevOps DevOps is a software development method that stresses communication, collaboration and integration between software developers and IT professionals, as a response to the interdependence of Dev and Ops. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DevOps Docker gives a common, seamless collaboration model and workflow between Dev and Ops clearer separation of responsibilities Docker and DevOps by Gene Kim https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SaHbtEeu37M
- 27. Docker helps ContinuousDelivery Continuous Delivery of value to users through a constant flow of incremental product/service improvements along the entire pipeline Idea → Implementation → Test → Deploy → Prod http://continuousdelivery.com/ 4 Practices of Continuous Delivery (from the book) Build binaries only once package them in containers Same mechanism to deploy to every environment and move the containers across environments Smoke test your deployment, & If anything fails, stop the line!
- 28. Docker helps withCD's 8 principles Releasing/deploying MUST be repeatable and reliable containers Automate everything! docker is fully scriptable and has an API If somethings difficult or painful, do it more often containers are quick to deploy many times a day Keep everything in source control including dockerfiles! Done means “released” it's containers all the way to production Build quality in! containers support frequent and realistic testing Everybody has responsibility for the release process see DevOps slide... Improve continuously
- 29. What do Iput in a Docker image? The traditional Way VM-like approach SSH, init.d several apps in the same container http://phusion.github.io/baseimage-docker/ https://registry.hub.docker.com/u/phusion/baseimage/ Useful in the transition phase or to run existing SW The Docker Way run a service per container purists say a single process per container!
- 30. From a singlecontainer
- 31. To many containers Two key drivers Scalability Microservices
- 32. Microservices Instead ofbig, monolitic, black-hole-like single app implement a network of collaborating simple services http://martinfowler.com/articles/microservices.html “a bit like SOA, but done right” Componentization via Services Organized around Business Capabilities Products not Projects Smart endpoints and dumb pipes Decentralized Governance Decentralized Data Management Infrastructure Automation Design for failure Evolutionary Design It looks like Docker is a perfect match!
- 33. SOLID Design Principles Apply @unclebobmartin S.O.L.I.D. principles to entire architecture Separation of Concerns → microservices Open for extension, Closed for modification → Immutable Infrastructure never “change” a container: add a new one with the new version then discard the old one http://blog.codeship.com/immutableinfrastructure/ Liskov Substitution Principle → APIs, service contracts Interface Segregation Principle → micro-APIs Dependency Inversion Principle → container linking
- 34. Linking containers Run a DB and give it a name docker run d name db postgres:9.3.5 Run a Web server docker rm f carlobonamico/web does not see the db Run a Web Server linked to the DB with automatic local dns alias registration docker run d P link db:db carlobonamico/dssweb
- 35. Principles of PackageDesign How do I split functionality across Containers? REP The Release Reuse Equivalency Principle The granule of reuse is the granule of release CCP The Common Closure Principle Classes that change together are packaged together CRP The Common Reuse Principle Classes that are used together are packaged together ADP The Acyclic Dependencies Principle The dependency graph must have no cycles SDP The Stable Dependencies Principle Depend in the direction of stability SAP The Stable Abstractions Principle Abstractness increases with stability Thank you again, Uncle Bob http://butunclebob.com/ArticleS.UncleBob.PrinciplesOfOod
- 36. Managing Development and Production clusters Fig http://www.fig.sh/ create DEV environm. fig.yml web: build: . command: catalina .sh run links: db ports: " 8000:8000" db: image: postgres Then (think vagrant-up) fig up open source https://github.com/g ooglecloudplatform/k ubernetes manage prod clusters use it on Google Compute Engine or download on premises
- 37. Ansible and Docker So I do not need a configuration management system anymore? Well, you still need to Create images Manage the Docker host Ansible to the rescue!
- 38. Ansible Simpleyet incredibly powerful Open Source configuration management and orchestration tool Infrastructure as data http://www.slideshare.net/carlo.bonamico/infrastructu reasdatawithansibleforeasiercontinuousdeliver y Ansible can support Docker in two ways http://www.ansible.com/docker 1) Manage the docker host with docker module e.g. create a container running Tomcat docker: image=centos command="service tomcat6 start" ports=808
- 39. Building Images withAnsible 2) Copy and launch ansible playbook in Dockerfile http://www.ansible.com/2014/02/12/installingandbuil dingdockerwithansible https://github.com/CaptTofu/ansibledockerpresentati on Use base image with ansible from https://registry.hub.docker.com/repos/ansible/ FROM ansible/ubuntu14.04ansible MAINTAINER yourname RUN git clone http://github.com/user/myapp.git /tmp/myapp WORKDIR /tmp/myapp ADD inventory /etc/ansible/hosts RUN ansibleplaybook myapp.yml c local EXPOSE 22 3000 ENTRYPOINT [“/home/app/tomcat/bin/catalina.sh run”]
- 40. So, where doI start? Try the samples https://github.com/carlobonamico/dockersimplesample s Great interactive tutorial at https://docs.docker.com/ https://docs.docker.com/articles/dockerfile_bestprac tices/ Try Docker in the Cloud with Koding ide http://learn.koding.com/guides/whatisdocker/
- 41. References Cloudarchitectures http://sites.oreilly.com/odewahn/ddsfieldguide/ http://12factor.net/ Microservices https://skillsmatter.com/conferences/6312mucon http://douglassquirrel.com/microservices/ Distributions to put around and inside a container? https://coreos.com/ Docker and Windows http://weblogs.asp.net/scottgu/dockerandmicrosofti ntegratingdockerwithwindowsserverandmicrosofta zure
- 42. Thank you! Other presentations http://www.slideshare.net/carlo.bonamico/presentations Follow me on Twitter @carlobonamico updates on Docker, Ansible, Continuous Delivery and some AngularJS! Contact me carlo.bonamico@gmail.com / carlo.bonamico@nispro.it My company http://www.nispro.it
- 43. Running on Mac/Windows Boot2docker A minimalistic VM – just SSH + docker http://boot2docker.io/ Download and launch the installer https://github.com/boot2docker/windowsinstaller/ rele ases/latest Launch docker Boot2Docker Start